Santa Fe
1. "Almost every town in Spain has its ermitas, small chapel-like buildings or shrines, often on hilltops or in other out-of-the-way places, not unlike the late nineteenth century Penitente moradas of New Mexico. In the case of San Miguel, 'outlying chapel' seems a better rendering than 'hermitage.' After its rebuilding in 1710, San Miguel was no longer called an ermita." Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , p. 57, n. 29, n. 30. Johnson-Nestor, San Miguel Chapel , p. 3.
2. See Stubbs and Ellis, Archeological Investigations .
3. Simmons, "Tlascalans," p. 102.
4. Ibid., p. 108.
3. Simmons, "Tlascalans," p. 102.
4. Ibid., p. 108.
5. Cited in Prince, Spanish Mission Churches , p. 72.
6. Scholes, "Church and State," pp. 297-342.
7. Kubler, The Rebuilding of San Miguel , p. 9.
8. Ibid., p. 21.
7. Kubler, The Rebuilding of San Miguel , p. 9.
8. Ibid., p. 21.
9. A document listing the payment to workers was discussed in ibid., p. 6.
10. Ibid., p. 5.
9. A document listing the payment to workers was discussed in ibid., p. 6.
10. Ibid., p. 5.
11. Adams, Bishop Tamarón's Visitation , pp. 46-47.
12. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 38.
13. De Morfi, "Geographical Description," pp. 91-92.
14. Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , pp. 50-51. Boyd stated that Don Antonio José Ortiz, who funded repairs to the Parroquia and the construction of the Rosario chapel, also contributed to repairs at San Miguel undertaken in 1798. Boyd, Popular Arts , p. 33.
15. Bloom, "Bourke on the Southwest VII," p. 303.
16. See Johnson-Nestor, San Miguel Chapel .
17. The dating of the "oldest house" is also questionable. As the principal body of San Miguel dates from the 1710 rebuilding, both Acoma and at least parts of Isleta and other churches are actually older and could claim the title. St. Augustine, Florida, also claims to possess the "oldest house."
1. Crouch, Garr, and Mundigo, Spanish City Planning , pp. 14-15. Ordinance 126 stated, "In the plaza, no lots shall be assigned to private individuals; instead they shall be used for the buildings of the church and royal houses and for city use" (pp. 14-15). In later years at least two chapels were built on the plaza: Nuestra Señora de la Luz (La Castrense) on the south side and the Chapel of the Vigiles (Holy Trinity) on the west. Prince, Spanish Mission Churches , p. 68.
2. See also Wilson, The Santa Fe, New Mexico, Plaza .
3. Kubler, The Religious Architecture , p. 100.
4. Chavez, The Santa Fe Cathedral , unpaged.
5. Hodge, Hammond, and Rey, Fray Alonso de Benavides , p. 68.
6. Ibid.
5. Hodge, Hammond, and Rey, Fray Alonso de Benavides , p. 68.
6. Ibid.
7. Kubler, The Religious Architecture , p. 100.
8. Scholes, "Documents for the History of the New Mexican Missions," pp. 46-47.
9. Chavez, "Santa Fe Church and Convent Sites," p. 91.
10. Boyd, Popular Arts , pp. 36-37. The structure was razed in 1714 to give the plaza a more proper figure. By this time, however, the entire palace was in such an extremely poor condition that demolition and rebuilding were contemplated. Shiskin, The Palace of the Governors , pp. 17-18.
11. Prince, Spanish Mission Churches , p. 73.
12. Adams, Bishop Tamarón's Visitation , p. 46.
13. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 39.
14. Ibid., p. 39.
15. Ibid., pp. 13-14.
16. Ibid., p. 13.
13. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 39.
14. Ibid., p. 39.
15. Ibid., pp. 13-14.
16. Ibid., p. 13.
13. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 39.
14. Ibid., p. 39.
15. Ibid., pp. 13-14.
16. Ibid., p. 13.
13. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 39.
14. Ibid., p. 39.
15. Ibid., pp. 13-14.
16. Ibid., p. 13.
17. Sena, "The Chapel of Don Antonio José Ortiz," pp. 355-356.
18. Ibid., p. 356; Chavez, The Santa Fe Cathedral , unpaged.
17. Sena, "The Chapel of Don Antonio José Ortiz," pp. 355-356.
18. Ibid., p. 356; Chavez, The Santa Fe Cathedral , unpaged.
19. Ellis, Bishop Lamy's Santa Fe Cathedral , pp. 66-69, 77. Ellis offers a detailed investigation not only of the cathedral but also of all the structures that preceded it.
20. Abert, Report . . . 1846-47 , pp. 454-455; cited in Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , pp. 38-39.
21. Calvin, Lieutenant Emory Reports , p. 59.
22. Ellis, Bishop Lamy's Santa Fe Cathedral , p. xii.
23. Ibid., p. 11.
22. Ellis, Bishop Lamy's Santa Fe Cathedral , p. xii.
23. Ibid., p. 11.
24. Daily New Mexican , January 3, 1873; cited in Ellis, Bishop Lamy's Santa Fe Cathedral , p. 2.
25. Ellis, Bishop Lamy's Santa Fe Cathedral , p. 20.
26. Both characterizations were cited in ibid., p. 16.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid., p. 32: "The original Mouly plan had called for stone towers 100 feet high, without spires."
29. Ibid., p. 28.
30. Ibid., p. 35.
26. Both characterizations were cited in ibid., p. 16.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid., p. 32: "The original Mouly plan had called for stone towers 100 feet high, without spires."
29. Ibid., p. 28.
30. Ibid., p. 35.
26. Both characterizations were cited in ibid., p. 16.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid., p. 32: "The original Mouly plan had called for stone towers 100 feet high, without spires."
29. Ibid., p. 28.
30. Ibid., p. 35.
26. Both characterizations were cited in ibid., p. 16.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid., p. 32: "The original Mouly plan had called for stone towers 100 feet high, without spires."
29. Ibid., p. 28.
30. Ibid., p. 35.
26. Both characterizations were cited in ibid., p. 16.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid., p. 32: "The original Mouly plan had called for stone towers 100 feet high, without spires."
29. Ibid., p. 28.
30. Ibid., p. 35.
31. Defouri, Historical Sketch of the Catholic Church in New Mexico , pp. 143-146; cited in Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , p. 42.
32. Bloom, "Bourke on the Southwest VII," pp. 303, 307.
33. Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , p. 43; Bunting, John Gaw Meem , p. 117.
34. Chavez assigned credit for the design to Urban C. Weidner, Jr. Chavez, The Santa Fe Cathedral , unpaged.
1. The statue was kept in the small chapel in the Palace of the Governors until the reconstruction of the Parroquia in 1714. Boyd, Popular Arts , p. 331.
2. Ibid., p. 332.
1. The statue was kept in the small chapel in the Palace of the Governors until the reconstruction of the Parroquia in 1714. Boyd, Popular Arts , p. 331.
2. Ibid., p. 332.
1. Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe.
2. Twitchell, Leading Facts of New Mexico History ; cited in Prince, Spanish Mission Churches , p. 188. Defouri, Historical Sketches of the Catholic Church in New Mexico ; cited in Prince, Spanish Mission Churches , p. 117.
3. Kubler, The Religious Architecture , p. 101.
4. Abert, Report of the Secretary of War, communicating . . . a report and map . . . of New Mexico , pp. 39-40; cited in Kubler, The Religious Architecture , p. 102.
5. Bloom, "Bourke on the Southwest VII," p. 321.
6. Prince, Spanish Mission Churches , p. 119.
7. Ibid., p. 121.
6. Prince, Spanish Mission Churches , p. 119.
7. Ibid., p. 121.
1. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 40.
2. Hodge, Hammond, and Rey, Fray Alonso de Benavides , p. 68.
3. Adams, Bishop Tamarón's Visitation , p. 46.
4. Ibid., p. 47.
3. Adams, Bishop Tamarón's Visitation , p. 46.
4. Ibid., p. 47.
5. Von Wuthenau, "The Spanish Military Chapels," p. 187.
6. Adams, Bishop Tamarón's Visitation , p. 47.
7. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 40.
8. Ibid., p. 34.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
7. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 40.
8. Ibid., p. 34.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
7. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 40.
8. Ibid., p. 34.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
7. Domínguez, The Missions , p. 40.
8. Ibid., p. 34.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. "Although the stone altar screen at La Castrense unquestionably was the model for later wooden examples in New Mexico, the designers of these did not attempt to reproduce the flat pilasters decorated all over with carving. Instead they made full rounded, salomonic pillars of an earlier period." Boyd, Popular Arts , p. 60.
12. Ibid., p. 34.
11. "Although the stone altar screen at La Castrense unquestionably was the model for later wooden examples in New Mexico, the designers of these did not attempt to reproduce the flat pilasters decorated all over with carving. Instead they made full rounded, salomonic pillars of an earlier period." Boyd, Popular Arts , p. 60.
12. Ibid., p. 34.
13. De Morfi, "Geographical Description," p. 91.
14. Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , p. 45.
15. Guevara, Santa Fe, March 2-April 8, 1818, Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe; cited in ibid., p. 45.
16. Krahe, Cristo Rey , p. 26.
17. Adams cited the memoirs of Colonel Perea, "who visited Santa Fe as a boy in the winter of 1837-38: Opposite the Palace stood the military church, called La Castrense, then the handsomest building of its kind in the capitol city. This house of worship was most gorgeously adorned within with pictures of saints and other portraits, some of which were said to be very valuable. The altar in every appointment was very tastefully adorned, and was a thing of dazzling beauty." Allison, "Santa Fe as it appeared during the winter in the years 1837 and 1838," p. 177; cited in Adams, "The Chapel," pp. 338-39.
18. Bieber, "The Papers of James J. Webb, Santa Fe Merchant, 1844-1861," p. 276; cited in ibid., p. 339.
19. Abert, Western America , p. 41; cited in Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , pp. 45-46.
20. Ibid., p. 47.
21. Ibid., p. 48.
19. Abert, Western America , p. 41; cited in Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , pp. 45-46.
20. Ibid., p. 47.
21. Ibid., p. 48.
19. Abert, Western America , p. 41; cited in Kessell, The Missions of New Mexico , pp. 45-46.
20. Ibid., p. 47.
21. Ibid., p. 48.
22. From Krahe, Cristo Rey , p. 24; cited in Chauvenet, John Gaw Meem , p. 83.
23. Bunting, John Gaw Meem , p. 125.