INDEX

Numbers in italic indicate figures

A

Abert, Lt. J. W., 93 , 104 , 114

Abeyta, Bernardo, 164

Abiquiu, 5 , 188

Abo, xii , 4 , 14 , 19 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 41 , 49 , 50 , 72 , 268 , 270 , 276 , 286 , 290 , 293

Acevedo, Fray Francisco de, 14 , 270 , 271 , 290

Acoma, 5 , 9 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 18 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 37 , 45 , 50 , 52 , 55 , 116 , 166 , 218 , 229 , 273 , 296 , 299 , 303 , 304 . See also San Esteban (Acoma pueblo)

Acomita, 311

Adams, Ansel, 188

adobe, 116 , 327 n.78

adobe construction, viii , xii , 31 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 40 , 41 , 94 , 116 , 157 , 193 , 194 , 208 , 261 , 327 n.76, 330 n.154, 1–19

Aguilar, Nicolás de, 291 , 293

Alamillo, 258

Alberti, Leon Battista (De re aedificatoria ), 19 , 325 n.37

Albuquerque, 4 , 5 , 17 , 20 , 67 , 147 , 154 , 201 , 250 , 255 , 256 , 286 , 296 , 304

Alexander VI, Pope, 9

Algodones, 65

altar, 49 , 52

American occupation, 167 , 180 , 249 , 253 , 275 , 299

Anasazi, 5 –9, 196 , 234 , 284 , 296 , 314

Apache, 5 , 15 , 17 , 30 , 47 , 182 , 192 , 196 , 200 , 210 , 211 , 226 , 241 , 258 , 275 , 280 , 282 , 291 , 293 , 318 , 320

Aragón, José, 167

Aragón, Miguel, 167

Aragón, Rafael, 161

arches, 33 , 216 , 217 , 259 , 261 , 18–5

architectural effects, 45 –46

Architectural Practice in Mexico City , 30 , 59

architectural sources, 58 –59, 328 n.124

Arizona, 313 , 324 n.16

Armijo, Manuel, 114

Arranegui, Fray José de, 211

Arroyo Hondo, 201

Arvide, Fray Martín de, 182 , 246

atrio, 49 , 133 , 326 n.63

Augustinians, 26

B

Baker, Justice Grafton, 114

Bakos, Jozef G., 70 , 242

Bandelier, Adolph, 74 , 217 , 218 , 229 , 282 , 284

Bandelier National Monument, 8 , 218

baptistry, 176 , 273 , 283 , 293 , 309 , 13–8

baroque architecture, 26

Barrio Analco, 78 , 80 , 84 , 88

Barrio-Nuero, Francisco de, 244

Bautista, Fray Andrés, 128 , 144

Belen, xi

bells, 56 , 57 , 220 , 259

Benavides, Fray Alonso de, 15 , 80 , 88 , 91 , 100 , 112 , 122 , 128 , 136 , 144 , 182 , 191 , 196 , 210 , 218 , 226 , 232 , 238 , 246 , 258 , 270 , 287 , 306 , 316 , 318

Bent, Charles, 201

Bermejo, Fray Manuel, 240

Bernal, Fray Juan, 280 , 293

Bloom, Lansing, 249

Bolton, Herbert, 49

Borchers, Perry, 70 , 127

Bourke, Lt. John G., 58 , 74 , 83 , 97 , 104 , 127 , 131 , 139 , 145 , 147 , 158 , 178 , 186 , 221 , 230 , 241 , 246 , 254 , 261 , 298 , 299 , 311 , 320

Boyd, E., 55 , 170 , 242

Bradley P. Kidder and Associates, 128 , 135 , 264

Brotherhood of Light (Penitentes), 60 –61, 329 n.137, 1–37, 1–38

Bueno, Fray Francisco Martín, 185

bultos (religious statuary), 61 , 139 , 178 , 1–39, 2–9

Bunting, Bainbridge, 22 , 252 , 253 , 255

Burgwin, Captain John H. K., 201

buttresses, 188 , 194 , 200 , 24–6, 25–3, Plate 14

C

California, 66 , 201 , 222 , 225

California missions, 24 , 40 , 225 , 326 n.57

California Mission style, 107 , 5–5

Calvin, Ross (Sky Determines ), 4

campo santo (burial ground), 26 , 30 , 31 , 50 , 58 , 135 , 157 , 158 , 166 , 186 , 205 , 231 , 233 , 242 , 256 , 261 , 264 , 273 , 278 , 283 , 291 , 293 , 299 , 301 , 308 –310, 320 , 328 n.100, 1–31, 20–1, 28–2, 29–4, 29–5, 29–7

canales (scuppers), 40 , 198 , 234 , 313

Carleton, Major James, 273 , 275 , 282 , 293

Carral, Fray José, 154

Carrasco, Fray Tomás, 196

Casa Grande (Arizona), 34 , 327 n.76

Castaño de Sosa, Gaspar, 182 , 210 , 226 , 232

Casteñeda, Pedro de, 196 , 218 , 244

Castrense, La (Nuestra Señora de la Luz, Santa Fe), xi , 66 , 91 , 93 , 94 , 104 , 112 –116, 6–1 through 6–3

Cathedral of St. Francis (Santa Fe) 20 , 94 –99, 100 , 193 , 1–9, 3–1, 3–6 through 3–11 ;

Conquistadora chapel, 90 , 100 , 191

Catano, Quirio, 164

Caywood, Louis R., 320

ceilings, 222 , 274

cedros (split cedar logs), 116

cement stucco, 31 , 37 , 139 , 141 , 148 , 158 , 194 , 225 , 242 , 264 , 320 , 1–20, 7–1

Cerrillos, 107

Chaco Canyon, 5 , 7 , 8 , 34 , 164 , 196 , 274 , 314

Chama River, 5 , 17

Chamuscado, Captain Francisco Sánchez, 276

Chamuscado-Rodríguez expedition, 11 , 218 , 276

Charles II, 303

Chavez, Fray Angelico, 225

Chica, Fray Juan Gutiérrez de la, 276 –278

Chihuahua (Mexico), 41 , 229 ;

merchants of, 66

Chilili, 270

Chimayo, 5 , 19 , 55 , 162 , 175 , 192 , 193 , 254 , 275 , 1–7, 1–8. See also Santuario, El (Chimayo)

choir loft, 46 , 176 , 200 , 241 , 274 , 280 , 293 , 301 , 303 , 308 , 309 , 318

Christian Brothers, 84

Christianization, 9 –15 passim, 185

church construction, 30 –41, 1–18, 1–19

church patterns, 24 –26

church types, 26 –30, 1–15 through 1–17

Cíbola, 10 , 314 , 324 n.10

Cinco Pintores, Los, 70

Cisneros, Fred, 275

Civilian Conservation Corps, 249 , 283 ,

Claramonte, Fray, 298

clerestory (transverse), 30 , 41 , 46 , 84 , 113 , 125 , 135 , 167 , 176 , 186 , 193 , 211 , 220 , 231 , 237 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 242 , 253 , 254 –56, 260 , 264 , 265 , 271 , 274 , 283 , 290 , 293 , 298 , 301 , 320 , 1–26, 8–8, 19–4, 24–10

Cochiti, xii , 4 , 40 , 49 , 59 , 70 , 217 , 218 , 220 , 231 , 241 , 258 , 296 , 1–31. See also San Buenaventura (Cochiti pueblo)

colonization, 11 –12

Comanche, 5 , 15 , 17 , 30 , 124 , 182 , 184 , 185 , 191 , 192 , 196 , 200 , 201 , 226 , 229

Committee for the Preservation and Restoration of New Mexico Mission Churches, 70 , 116 , 178 , 242

Committee for the Reconstruction and Preservation of New Mexico Mission Churches, 311

Concepción, Fray Andrés José García de la, 154

Concepción, Fray Francisco de la, 124

Congregation of the Holy Family, 161

Conquistadora chapel, 66 , 90 , 91 , 98 , 100 , 191

construction, viii , 31 –41, 193 , 194 , 198 , 208 , 249 , 261 , 273 , 274 , 278 , 283 , 290 , 293 , 298 , 1–18, 1–19

convento (priest's quarters), 22 , 24 , 47 –48, 90 , 125 , 135 , 138 , 144 , 145 , 154 , 157 , 182 , 185 , 200 , 220 , 226 , 230 , 234 , 238 , 240 , 241 , 246 , 249 , 252 , 253 , 258 , 259 , 262 , 270 –72, 275 , 280 , 282 , 293 , 298 , 300 , 301 , 308 –310, 320 , 328 n.96, 17–2, 17–3, 17–4, 24–3, 25–4, 28–4, 28–5, 29–4, 29–5, 29–8

Conversion of St. Paul, 14

corbels, 38 , 84 , 113 , 116 , 125 , 154 , 171 , 205 , 215 , 230 , 254 , 1–22, 12–7, 20–5

Córdoba mosque (Spain), 41

Cordova, xi , 5 , 61 , 167 , 329 n.138

Coronado, Francisco Vásquez de, 10 , 11 , 116 , 142 , 188 , 208 , 218 , 232 , 244 , 256 , 268 , 276 , 306 , 314

Cortés, Hernán, 9 , 78

Council of the Indies, 11 , 250

Courbon, Reverend Jean Baptiste, 157

coving, 37 , 186 , 240 , 261

Cristo Rey, 70 , 116 , 6–4 through 6–6

Cruzate, Governor Domingo de, 238

Cruzat y Góngora, Governor Servasio, 152

Cubero, Governor, 90 , 296

Cuervo y Valdés, Francisco, 250

Custody of the Conversion of St. Paul, 191

D

Dávila, Fray Francisco Xavier, 241

De Borhegyi, Stephen, 164 , 167

decoration, 161 , 176 , 221 , 229 , 231 , 249 , 175 , 280 , 293 , 301 , 302 , 303 , 309 , 313 , Plates 7, 8, 9, 10

Defouri, Father James H., 97 , 104 , 107

Delgado, Don Simón, 83 , 115

De Morfi, Juan Agustín, 82 , 114 , 124 , 192 , 215 , 229

Denver, 313

disease, 211 , 275 , 293

Domínguez, Fray Francisco Atanasio, 17 , 39 , 41 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 55 , 56 , 58 , 63 , 82 , 84 , 91 , 100 , 113 , 114 , 124 , 125 , 128 , 133 , 136 , 138 , 145 , 147 , 154 , 157 , 175 , 176 , 178 , 184 , 185 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 200 , 215 , 220 , 228 , 231 , 240 , 253 , 259 , 283 , 298 , 301 , 308 , 309 , 311 , 318

Dominicans, 26

Dorcher, Father Antonine, 72

Dozier, Edward, 74

Dumarest, Father Noel, 230

Durán, Ignacio, 192

Durán, Padre Nicolás, 25

Durango (Mexico), 41 ;

archdiocese of, 17 , 60 , 63 , 66 , 93 , 261

E

El Dorado, 10

Ellis, Bruce, 78 , 296

El Paso del Norte (El Paso, Texas), x , 11 , 15 , 100 , 228 , 232 , 258

Embudo, 201

Emory, Lt. William Hemsley, 93 , 147 , 217 , 275

Enchanted Mesa, 304 , 305 , 29–1, Plate 1

encomienda (trusteeship), 12 , 324 n.18

ermita . See hermita

Escalante, Silvestre Vélez de, 17

Escalona, Juan de, 226

Española, 12 , 17

Espejo, Antonio de, 11 , 238 , 244 , 306 , 314

Esquípulas, 164

Esteban, 10

Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts (Paris, 1925), 188

exploration, 9 –11

F

Fernández, Fray Agustín, 91 , 104

Fernández, Fray Sebastián Angel, 154 , 184

Field, Matthew, 192

Figueredo, Fray Roque de, 316

Figueroa, Bishop Pedro Pardo de, 164

floors, 31 , 33 , 249 , 271 , 283 , 22–6, 24–5

Florida, 58

Fonte, Fray Francisco, 270

Forrest, Earle, 139 , 148 , 182 , 218 , 225 , 226 , 231

foundations, 31 , 33 , 327 n.70

Francis, Saint, 14

Franciscans, xii , 2 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 28 , 41 –47, 53 , 56 , 59 , 60 , 78 , 210 , 222 , 228 , 236 , 252 , 258 , 259 , 271 , 278 , 280 , 326 n.57

Fresquis, Pedro, 100

Friars Minor of the Observance (The Twelve), 9 , 323 n.6

Frijoles Canyon, 8 , 218

G

Galisteo River, 17 , 226 , 268

Gallinas Mountains, 290

Galzán, Andrés, 242

Gaona, Fray Juan de, 59

García, Captain Juan Esteban, 154

García, Fray Andrés, 53 , 61

García, Lt. Governor Alonso, 258

genízaros (Catholic Indians), 65

geographic setting, 2 –5, 268 , 286 , 1–1, 1–2, 1–5, Plates 1, 2, 3

Gerken, Reverend Rudolf, 116

Gila River drainage, 12

Gilmar, Jeremy Francis, 104 , 6–1

González, Fray Ramón Antonio, 138 , 157

Gothic style (Neo-Gothic), 65 , 67 , 70 , 72 , 95 , 142 , 148 , 205 , 242 , 251 , 253 –55, 261 , 264 , 10–1, 10–10, 23–1, Plates 18, 19

Gran Quivira, 4 , 14 , 28 , 33 , 34 , 47 , 210 , 270 , 271 , 275 , 282 , 284 , 287 , 3 –4. See also San Buenaventura (Gran Quivira); San Ysidro (Gran Quivira)

Gregory, Saint, 270

Guevara, Bishop Juan Bautista de, 55 , 60 , 82 , 114 , 201

H

HABS. See Historic American Building Survey (HABS)

Hackett, Charles, 191 , 291

Halona, 316 , 318

Halseth, Odd S., 70 , 21–2, 21–4, 21–5

Harris, Louise, 178

Hawikuh, 316

Hayes, Alden, 210

hermita (small chapel), 157 , 164

Hesse, Father Jerome, 74 , 222 , 232 , 236 , 237

Hewitt, Edgar L., 125 , 274 , 293

hide paintings, 145 , 167

hijosdalgos ("men of known ancestry"), 10

Hispanic dwelling, 22 –24, 1–11 through 1–14

Historic American Building Survey (HABS), xii , 70 , 72 , 84 , 329 n.148, 11–9

Historic Style Ordinance (Santa Fe), 72 , 329 n.145, 330 n.149

Hodge, Frederick, 122 , 308

Hooker, Van Dorn, 194

Hopi, 9 , 12 , 170 , 296

Hozio, Fray Francisco de, 114 , 220

Huddelston, Sam, 311

I

Isleta del Sur (Texas), 258

Isleta, xii , 30 , 38 , 45 , 46 , 58 , 67 , 70 , 72 , 122 , 147 , 166 , 236 , 242 , 250 , 254 –56, 258 , 280 , 299 , 301 , 311 , 320 . See also San Agustín (Isleta pueblo)

Ivey, James, 39 , 270 , 275 , 282

J

Jackson, William Henry, 157 , 5–2, 11–6

Jemez, x , 4 , 15 , 57 , 208 , 215 , 238 , 242 , 244 , 246 , 287 , 296

Jemez Mountains, 4 , 5 , 287

Jemez River, 238 , 244

Jemez Springs, 31 , 37 , 50

Jesuits, 16

Jesús María, Fray Juan de, 246

Johnson-Nestor (architects), 84 , 108 , 158 , 194

Johnson/Nestor/Molier/Rodríguez, architects, xi

Juárez, Fray Andrés, 210

K

Kearny, Colonel Stephen, 66 , 201

Keres tribes, 218 , 232 , 296

Kessell, John, xi , 127 , 133 , 154 , 157 , 210 , 211 , 221 , 228 , 231 , 237 , 240 , 242 , 253

kiva , 46 , 74 , 128 , 228 , 231 , 234 , 275 , 286 , 314 , Plate 17

Knowles, Ralph, 122 , 326 n.53

Kubler, George, 19 , 30 , 39 , 41 , 46 , 49 , 59 , 81 , 88 , 104 , 124 , 128 , 131 , 133 , 154 , 167 , 182 , 191 , 200 , 228 , 234 , 246 , 273 , 293 ;

and Martin Soria, 25

L

La Bajada (San Miguel), 4 , 1–28

La Cañada, 150 , 152 , 154

Laguna, xii , 5 , 31 , 38 , 49 , 50 , 52 , 53 , 55 , 218 , 237 , 238 , 241 , 242 , 256 , 291 , 296 , 299 , 303 , 311 . See also San José (Laguna pueblo)

Laguna Santero, 53 , 241 , 242 , 303 , 328 n.108

Lamy, Archbishop Jean-Baptiste, 55 , 63 , 66 , 83 , 84 , 94 , 95 , 98 , 114 , 147 , 157 , 230 , 253 , 320

Lange, Charles, 49

Las Humanas (Gran Quivira), 14 , 270 , 276 . See also Gran Quivira; San Buenaventura (Gran Quivira); San Ysidro (Gran Quivira)

Las Trampas, xi , 5 , 17 , 65 , 72 , 116 , 172 , 192 , 205 , 1–26, 1–33. See also San José de Gracia (Las Trampas)

Las Vegas (New Mexico), 67

latillas (ceiling members), 39 , 40 , 52 , 135 , 198 , 280 , 282 , 301 , 303 , 8–9, Plate 9

Laws of the Indies, 11 , 18 , 20 , 65 , 112 , 325 n.36, 325 n.50

Le Blanc, Steven, 314

Letrado, Fray Francisco de, 287 , 316

light, xi , 4 , 26 –27, 41 , 45 , 116 , 158 , 176 , 221 , 231 , 254 –56, 260 , 261 , 265 , 271 , 293 , 1–27, 6–4, 12–6, 24–9

lintels, 40

Llana, Fray Gerónimo de la, 278

locks, 41

López, Fray Mariano de Jesús, 303

Los Cinco Pintores, 242

Lourdes chapel. See Our Lady of Lourdes chapel

Lugo, Fray Alonso de, 238 , 244

Luján, Anastacio, 158

Lummis, Charles, 4 , 70 , 74 , 276 , 284 , 304

M

McAndrew, John, 49

McCarthy's, 311

Macheboeuf, Father Joseph P., 253

McHugh and Hooker, 128 , 135 , 264

McHugh Lloyd and Associates, 98

Maldonado, Fray Lucas, 308

Mallet, François, 97 , 3–7

Manzano, 280 , 282

Manzano Mountains, 260 , 268

Marín del Valle, Governor Francisco Antonio, 112 –113, 184

Marin, John, 188

Martín, Sebastián, 172

Martínez, Maria, 128

Meem, John Gaw, 70 , 98 , 112 , 116 , 180 , 311 , 6–5, 13–9

Meinig, D. W., 74

Menchero, Fray Juan Miguel, 211

Mendizábal, Governor Bernardo López de, 291

Mesa Verde, 5 , 7 , 8 , 34 , 122 , 164 , 198 , 234 , 304 , 314 , 323 n.3, 326 n.53, 1–3

metal roof (pitched), 40 , 45 , 65 , 67 , 133 , 139 , 158 , 164 , 166 , 183 , 186 , 222 , 225 , 253 , 264 , 329 n.143, 9–3, 11–8, 12–2, 14–2

metalwork, 55 –56, 275 , 280

Mexico, 59

Mexico City, viii , 12 , 18 , 30 , 56 , 59 , 278

military engineer, 59

Mindeleff, Victor, ix

Miranda, Fray Antonio, 308

Mogollon culture, 284

Molleno, 167

Molny, Antoine, 66 , 95 , 97 , 3–1

Molny, Projectus, 66 , 95 , 3–1

Montaño, Fray Pedro, 234

Montoya, Joe, 256 , 258 , 260

More, Sir Thomas, 9

morada (private chapel and meeting space), xi , 61 , 1–37, 1–38

mud plaster, xii , 7 , 8 , 31 , 35 , 192 –94, 280 , 283 , 291 , 311 , 15–6

Museum of New Mexico, 170 , 217 , 249 , 283 , 293

music, viii , 57 , 178 , 196 , 211 , 226 , 232 , 246 , 280

N

Nambe, 124 , 139

National Park Service, 194 , 217 , 218 , 275 , 284 , 320

Navajo, 17 , 246 , 249 , 258 , 320

Nicolás, Fray Lorenzo de, 59

Niza, Fray Marcos de, 10 , 306 , 314

Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (Santa Fe), 70 , 72 , 104 –111, 148 , 5–1 through 5–8

Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (Zuñi pueblo), 314 –21, 30–1 through 30–7. See also Zuñi

Nuestra Señora de la Asunción (Zia pueblo), 238 –43, 21–1 through 21–7. See also Zia

Nuestra Señora de la Luz. See Castrense, La

Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción (Quarai), 276 –84, 26–1 through 26–7, Plate 4. See also Quarai

Nuestra Señora de Los Angeles de Porciúncula (Pecos pueblo), 208 –217, 17–1 through 17–9, Plate 6. See also Pecos

Núñez, Fray Francisco, 80

Nusbaum, Jesse L., 217

O

O'Brien, Father Michael, 194

Office of the Holy Inquisition, 278

O'Keefee, Georgia, 180 , 188 , 189 , 15–1

Old Town Albuquerque, 255

Olvarez, Fray Juan, 220

Oñate, Don Juan de, 11 , 12 , 14 , 78 , 142 , 191 , 226 , 232 , 238 , 244 , 276 , 286 , 306 , 314

oratorio (chapel), xi , 1–46

Oratorio de San Buenaventura (Chimayo), 164

Ortega, Fray Pedro de, 210

Ortega Chapel (Chimayo), 18 , 1–8

Ortega family, 164

Ortiz, Don Antonio José, 91

Ortiz, Nicolás, 80 –81

Ossorio, Governor Felipe de Sotelo, 78

Otacio, Fray Francisco de, 166

Otermín, Governor Antonio, 226

Our Lady of Carmel chapel (Santa Cruz), 154

Our Lady of Lourdes chapel (San Juan pueblo), 142 , 148 , 10–1, 10–3, 10–8, 10–9. See also San Juan

Owings, Nathaniel, 158 , 180

P

Pajarito plateau, 8

Palace of the Governors (Palacio Real, Santa Fe), 20 , 90 , 112 , 1–9, 1–10

Palladio, Andrea, 59

Parisis, Father Etienne, 147

Parroquia, La (Santa Fe) 20 , 47 , 55 , 56 , 60 , 66 , 80 , 88 –93, 100 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 3–2 through 3–5

Parsons, Elsie, 236 , 264

Pearce, T. M. (New Mexico Place Names: A Geographical Dictionary ), xii

Pecos, x , xii , 5 , 14 , 22 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 41 , 47 , 150 , 208 , 286 , 291 , 1–19

Pecos River, 17 , 65 ;

drainage, 208

Peinado, Fray Alonso de, 88 , 270

Peña Blanca, 63 , 218 , 222 , 225 , 230 , 236

Penitentes. See Brotherhood of Light

Peñón, Fray Mariano, 298

Perea, Fray Estevan de, 14 , 56 , 278 , 316 , 324 n.25

Pereyro, Fray José Benito, 104 , 184 , 185 , 192 , 201

Philip II, 18

Picuris, 30 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 170 , 175 , 182 , 196 , 205 , 237 , 327 n.67

Pike, Zebulon, 229

Pino, Fray Pedro Ignacio, 309

pintle hinges, 41 , 275 , 327 n.85, 1–24

pit dwellings , 5

placita (courtyard), 22 , 24 , 47 , 275

Plains Indians, 15 , 28 , 191 , 229 , 275 , 280 , 286

plaza , 30 , 65 , 88 , 91 , 158 , 167 , 180 , 299

plaza (fortified village), 17 , 175 , 188 , 192 , 200 , 325 n.34, 15–2

plaza, pueblo, 125 , 185 , 198 , 217 , 229 , 232 , 234 , 238 , 240 , 260 , 301 , 7–1, 7–8

Plaza del Cerro (Chimayo), 17 , 1–7

plaza mayor , 20 , 252

Plettenberg, Robert, 225

Popé, 15 , 325 n.32

portal (arcade), 24

porter's lodge, 49 , 320

Portugal, 9

Price, Colonel Sterling, 201

Prince, L. Bradford, 107 , 139 , 142 , 150 , 162 , 237 , 238 , 241 , 296 , 299 , 301

Protestant Reformation, 9 , 25

Pueblo Bonito (Chaco Canyon), 8 . See also Chaco Canyon

Pueblo Revolt, 15 , 17 , 81 , 90 , 104 , 150 , 211 , 220 , 226 , 232 , 258 , 308 , 338 n.23

Pueblo/Spanish Colonial style, 66

Pugin, A. W. N., 67 , 95

Q

Quarai, 4 , 14 , 29 , 30 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 47 , 275 , 276 , 290 , 293 . See also Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción (Quarai); Second Church (Quarai)

Quiñones, Fray Cristóbal de, 232

Quiroga, Bishop Vasco de, 9 , 323 n.7

Quirós, Fray Cristóbal de, 226 , 238

Quivira, 10

R

railroads, impact of, 45 , 107 , 193 , 253 , 256

rajas (riven ceiling boards), 39

ramadas (wooden frameworks), 24

Ramírez, Fray Juan, 303 , 306

Ranchos de Taos, xii , 17 , 37 , 41 , 47 , 55 , 70 , 72 , 175 , 180 , 200 , 255 . See also San Francisco de Asís (Ranchos de Taos)

Rebuilding of the Chapel of San Miguel (George Kubler), 81

Reconquest of New Mexico, 9 , 17 , 20 , 41 , 55 , 56 , 80 , 90 , 162 , 182 , 211 , 240 , 246 , 296 , 308

reducciones (consolidated villages), 25 –26, 244 , 276 , 324 n.18

Religious Architecture of New Mexico, The (George Kubler), x , 229

reredos (altarpiece), 28 , 46 , 52 , 53 , 84 , 154 , 168 , 171 , 176 , 178 , 229 , 231 , 255 , 280 , 303 , 313 , 1–32, 1–35, 2–8, 2–9, 6–2, 12–5, 12–8, 13–5, Plates 7, 10

restoration, ix , 70 , 72 , 178 , 180 , 194 , 216 , 242 , 264 , 282 , 313 , 330 n.150, 5–1, 13–8, 13–9, 17–8

Reuter, B. A., 313

Riley, Lewis, 308 , 311 , 313

Rio Grande, ix , 4 , 5 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 136 , 142 , 188 , 208 , 218 , 230 , 237 , 250 , 252 , 286 , Plate 3

Rio Grande valley, 9 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 17 , 29 , 58 , 65 , 175 , 182

ritual, viii , 57 –58, 164 , 224 , 225 , 236 , 264 , 316 , 1–31, 1–36, 1–47, 1–48, 12–1, 18–7, Plate 3

Rodríguez, Fray Agustín, 276

Rojo, Fray Manuel, 252

Romanesque style, 67 , 95 , 98 , 191 , 3–1, 10–8

Roman town planning, 19

Romero, Fray Bartolomé, 80

roof construction, 37 –41, 136 , 154 , 253 , 274 , 313 , 1–18, 1–21

Rosario chapel, El (Santa Fe), 91 , 100 , 4–1 through 4–6

Rosas, Governor Luis de, 80 , 81 , 210

Rosete, Fray José Mariano, 154

Royal Ordinances on Colonization. See Laws of the Indies

Ruiz, Fray Joaquín de Jesús, 57 , 58

S

St. Augustine (Florida), 59

St. Louis (Missouri), 65 , 66 , 255

Saint Michael's School (Santa Fe), 83

Saint Michael's College (Santa Fe), 114

Salas, Fray Juan de, 258

Salinas district, 4 , 9 , 10 , 14 , 34 , 237 , 268 , 280

Salinas missions, 15 , 31 , 39 , 47 , 226 , 268 , 271 , 280

Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument, 275 , 284 , 293

San Agustín (Isleta pueblo), 41 , 166 , 255 , 256 –65, 1–20, 1–22, 1–27, 1–44, 1–45, 24–1 through 24–10, Plates 15, 16. See also Isleta

San Buenaventura (Cochiti pueblo), 46 , 218 –25, 1–27, 18–1 through 18–7. See also Cochiti

San Buenaventura (Gran Quivira), 28 , 47 , 284 –293 passim, 1–30, 27–1, 27–2, 27–5 through 27–8, Plate 5

Sánchez, Archbishop Robert, 108

sanctuary, 193

Sandia pueblo, 10 , 56

San Diego (Tesuque pueblo), 122 –127, 7–1 through 7–6. See also Tesuque

San Diego de la Congregación (Jemez Springs), 246

San Esteban (Acoma pueblo), 30 , 166 , 273 , 304 –313, 1–36, 29–1 through 29–10

San Felipe (San Felipe pueblo), xii , 15 , 39 , 193 , 205 , 218 , 220 , 231 , 232 –37, 250 , 260 , 264 , 20–1 through 20–6

San Felipe Neri (Albuquerque), 67 , 250 –55, 264 , 23–1 through 23–6, Plates 18, 19

San Francisco de Asís (Ranchos de Taos), 84 , 188 –196, 15–1 through 15–8, Plates 13, 14. See also Ranchos de Taos

San Gabriel, 18 , 78 , 88 , 162 , 306 , 325 n.35

Sangre de Cristo Mountains, 172 , 188

San Gregorio (Abo), 268 –275, 1–23, 25–1 through 25–6

San Ildefonso (San Ildefonso pueblo), xi , 41 , 49 , 50 , 55 , 58 , 63 , 128 –35, 225 , 8–1 through 8–9

San Jerónimo (Taos pueblo), 30 , 50 , 66 , 196 –205, 16–1 through 16–9

San José (Laguna pueblo), 10 , 30 , 296 –303, 1–29, 1–32, 1–35, 28–1 through 28–9, Plates 9, 10. See also Laguna

San José church, 63

San José de Giusewa (Jemez Springs), 14 , 15 , 29 , 33 , 47 , 172 , 210 , 238 , 244 –49, 287 , 296 , 22–1 through 22–6. See also Jemez

San José de Gracia (Las Trampas), 47 , 49 , 53 , 172 –81, 1–26, 13–1 through 13–9, Plate 8. See also Las Trampas

San Jose River, 296

San Jose village, 65

San Juan, 15 , 142

San Juan Bautista (San Juan pueblo), 142 –49, 10–1 through 10–7, 10–10 through 10–12

San Juan de los Caballeros, 12

San Lorenzo (Picuris pueblo), 182 –187, 205 , 14–1 through 14–6, Plate 12. See also Picuris

San Mateo Mountains, 308

San Miguel (La Bajada), 1–28, Plate 11

San Miguel (Santa Fe), 29 , 38 , 56 , 70 , 78 –87, 88 , 90 , 91 , 100 , 104 , 107 , 112 , 215 , 254 , 270 , 291 , 2–1 through 2–10

San Miguel del Bado, 65 , 215 , Plate 20

Santa Ana, xi , 4 , 5 , 116 , 218 , 220 , 238 , 240

Santa Clara, 52 , 56 , 70 , 136 –41, 186 , 259 , 301 , 1–17, 1–47, 9–1 through 9–7

Santa Cruz, 5 , 17 , 20 , 45 , 53 , 58 , 59 , 66 , 72 , 150 –61, 172 , 180 , 201 , 221 , 11–1 through 11–10

Santa Fe, xi , 4 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 31 , 56 , 60 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 70 , 72 , 78 , 150 , 162 , 175 , 180 , 191 , 193 , 201 , 211 , 215 , 218 , 250 , 254 , 261 , 270 , 291 , 306 , 311 , 318 , 325 n.50, 1–9, 1–10

Santa Fe River, 88

Santa Fe Trail, 65 , 66 , 67

Santander, Fray Diego de, 291

santeros (religious artists), 52 –53

Santiago (Saint James the Greater), 53 , 164

Santo Domingo, xii , 4 , 15 , 41 , 50 , 74 , 205 , 210 , 218 , 220 , 222 , 226 –31, 232 , 234 , 236 –38, 1–48, 19–1 through 19–5

Santo Entierro (deposed Christ), 61 , 157 , 11–3

Santo Niño de Atocha, 167

santos (religious images), 61 , 158 , 176 , 178 , 1–34, 7–4, 13–4 . See also reredos

Santuario, El (Chimayo), xii , 4 , 29 , 162 –71, 193 , 254 , 275 , 1–24, 12–1 through 12–8, Plate 7

San Vicente de Paul (Punta de Agua), 65 , 1–42

San Ysidro (Agua Fria), 65

San Ysidro (Gran Quivira), 28 , 210 , 270 , 282 , 284 –93, 27–1, 27–3, 27–4, 27–5

San Ysidro village, 74

savinos (split ceiling boards), 39 , 221 , 241 , 274 , 290

Scamozzi, Ottavio Bertutti, 59

Scholes, France, 56 , 244 , 246 , 286

School of American Research, 249 , 275 , 293

Schuster, Father Fridolin, 299

Second Church (Quarai), 276 –83, 26–2, 26–6

selenite, 249 , 291 , 327 n.88

Sena church, 74 , 1–40

Sena village, 65

Seowtewa, Alex, 320

Serlio, Sebastiano, 59

Serna, Antonia, 152

Seux, Father Camille, 142 , 147 , 148

Severino Martínez House (Taos), 1–11, 1–13, 1–14

Simmons, Marc, 78 , 170 , 306

sitework, 210 , 271 , 22–4, 22–6

siting of churches, xii , 29 –30

Socorro, xi , 18 , 275

Soria, Martin, 25

Spanish town planning, 17 –22

Stadtmueller, Father Frederick A., 264

Statuary, religious. See bultos; santos

Stallings, W. S., 192

Stevenson, Matilda Cox, 320

stone construction, xii , 7 , 31 , 33 , 249 , 273 , 274 , 278 , 283 , 290 , 298 , Plates 4, 5

Strand, Paul, 188

Stubbs, Stanley, 78 , 282 , 301

T

Tabira, 276 , 291

tabla (adzed board), 39

Tajique, 280

Tamarón y Romeral, Bishop Pedro, 17 , 82 , 91 , 100 , 112 , 113 , 152 , 172 , 175 , 184 , 191 , 196 , 198 , 211 , 220 , 234 , 240 , 246 , 252 , 259 , 296 , 309 , 318

Tamita Mesa, 232

Tano group, 162

Taos, xi , 18 , 22 , 162 , 172 , 175 , 180 , 182 , 188 , 192 , 198 , 200 , 201 , 229 , 255 , 286 , 320 , 1–6. See also San Jerónimo (Taos pueblo)

Taos, High Road to, 182

Taos insurrection, 66 , 198 , 201

Tecolote, 65

Territorial Style, 125 , 4–2, 7–4

Tesuque, 30 , 47 , 125 , 229 , 4–2, 7–4. See also San Diego (Tesuque pueblo)

Tewa group, 170

thermal properties, 22 , 122

Tiwa group, 256 , 276

Third Order, 60

Third Order chapel (Santa Cruz), 154

tierra amarilla , 50

tierra blanca , 50

Tlascalan Indians, 78 , 80 , 164

Tome, xi , 253

Tompiro group, 268 , 275 , 276 , 286

tools, 31 , 56

torreones (fortified towers), 24 , 90 , 192 , 326 n.55

Toulouse, Joseph, 41 , 49 , 268

Towa group, 244

trade, 200 , 201 , 208 , 218 , 280 , 286

Truchas, 65 , 172

Tupatu of Picuris, 182

Twitchell, Ralph, 104

Tyuonyi Canyon, 218

U

Universal Astronomy (Serrano), 59

University of New Mexico, 275 , 283

Urrutia, José de, 104 , 114

Ute, 192 , 201 , 210

Utopia (Sir Thomas More), 9

V

Valbonne (France), 19

Valencia, 253

Vallauris (France), 19

vara (roughly 33 inches), 31

Vargas, Diego de, 17 , 20 , 81 , 82 , 90 , 100 , 150 , 162 , 182 , 198 , 211 , 220 , 232 , 238 , 240 , 250 , 318

Vartagena, Fray Romualdo, 11

Vatican II accord, 98

Vedder, Alan, 170

Vergara, Agustín Flores, 81 , 82

Vergara, Fray Mariano José Sánchez, 241

Vetancurt, Agustín de, 182 , 210

Vidania, Juan de, 81

Vierra, Carlos, 70 , 242 , 329 n.147, 7–4, 10–5

vigas (beams), 37 –38, 81 , 84 , 135 , 138 , 154 , 170 , 171 , 192 –94, 198 , 215 , 217 , 237 , 240 , 241 , 242 , 249 , 254 , 260 , 274 , 280 , 282 , 283 , 287 , 290 , 293 , 301 , 306 , 308 , 1–22, 1–23, 12–7

Vignola, Giacomo Barozzi da, 59

Villanueva, 65

villas reales (chartered municipalities), 18 , 250 , 252

Vitruvius, 19

Vivian, Gordon R., 290 , 291 , 293

Vroman, Adam Clark, 127 , 183 , 186 , 221 , 243 , 261 , 265 , 8–3, 8–4, 9–2, 14–1, 20–3, 21–6, 24–10

W

wall construction, 33 –37

Walter, Paul, 139 , 225 , 244 , 296 , 308

Webb, James J., 114

White, Leslie, 242

Whorf, Benjamin Lee, viii

windows, 41 , 45 , 193 , 249 , 255 , 291 , 298 , 320 , 328 n.89

windows, enlarged, 193 , Plate 13

windows, selenite, 41 , 1–25

Wittick, Ben, 251 , 252 , 261 , 320 , 3–5, 5–3, 23–2, 23–4, 24–5

Works Progress Administration, 283

Wright, George, 194

Y

yeso (gypsum plaster), 37

Yunque, 18

Z

Zacatecas, 113 , 150

zaguán (covered passage), 24 , 166 , 326 n.54

Zaldívar, Juan de, 306

Zaldívar, Vicente de, 12 , 306

Zamora, Fray Antonio, 228

Zamora, Fray Francisco de, 182 , 191

Zárate Salmerón, Fray Jerónimo de, 15 , 244 , 246 , 306

Zeballos, Fray Andrés, 234

Zeinos, Fray Diego de, 211

Zia, xii , 4 , 30 , 38 , 50 , 70 , 218 , 220 , 237 , 238 , 286 , 296 . See also Nuestra Señora de la Asunción (Zia pueblo)

Zubiría, Bishop José Antonio, 63 , 185

Zuñi, ix , 5 , 9 , 10 , 12 , 18 , 41 , 59 , 217 , 287 , 296 , 306 , 311 , 314