Note on Dates and Transliteration

Because this book spans the pre- and postrevolutionary years, I have employed two dating systems. All dates before February 1918 are given according to the Old Style (Julian) calendar. After that time they follow the New Style (Gregorian) calendar.

I have used a modified Library of Congress transliteration system, with two exceptions. Well-known names, such as Eisenstein, appear here in their generally accepted Anglicized forms. In the text, but not in Russian references in the notes, I have also omitted the soft sign: thus Proletkul't becomes Proletkult.

In archival references I have used standard abbreviations for Russian terms: op. for opis ', d. for delo , 1. for list , and ob. for oborot .