B
Babies. See Children
Baccala (goddess), 243 , 717 n. 44
Bachalathwa fortnight, 434 , 650
Baga dekha. See Diksa (initiation)
Baidhya thar , 95
Baiga (top floor). See Che(n) (house)
Baisnabi. See Vaisnavi[*] (goddess)
Bala Ca:re [7], 421
Balakhu Ganesa[*] . See Ganesa[*] (god)
Bali. See Blood sacrifice
Balkumari (goddess), 244
Banja 66, 696 n. 14
Baphukis. See Phuki groups
Barbers thar. See Nau barbers thar
Bare Buddhists,
Kumariliving goddess, children of the, 95 , 363 , 540 -546, 607
ranking of and by, 105 -106, 704 n. 51
Barha pikaegu , 671 -672
Barha taegulcwa(n)gu , 670 -673, 765 n. 32-33
Barter. See Economy of Bhaktapur
Barter marriages. See Marriage, barter (hilabula )
Bathing, ritual, 391 -392, 441 , 453 , 484 , 537 , 684 , 731 n. 6, 751 n. 62
See also Purification; River; Worship
Beggars, 85 , 701 n. 30; Halahulu (out-castes)
Beko courtyard, Taleju temple, 237 -238
dangerous compared with, 279 -282, 495 , 580 -581, 602 , 610 , 648
as persons, 282 -284, 287 -288
worship of, 635 -642
See also Deities
Beta Dya: (god), 257
Betel nuts (gwae(n) ), 765 n. 36, 766 n. 39
marriage symbol, 671 -676 passim
Betrothal. See Marriage
Bha thar , 83 , 94 , 360 -361, 627 , 681 ,
728 nn. 22, 24, 729 n. 38, 767 -768 n. 65, 769 n. 80
Bhadrakali[*] (goddess), 166 -167, 257 , 489 -490, 740 n. 12
Biska: Jatra of, 467 -468, 468 -474, 479 -480, 482 , 484 , 498 , 557 , 649 , 740 n. 11
Bhagasti [40]. See Devi cycle
Bhagavan (class of gods), 289 , 720 n. 75
Bhagavati (goddess), 241 -242, 250 , 257 , 324 , 718 n. 49
as Devi with Taleju in the Mohani festival, 525 -558 passim
festivals for, 436 -437
Bhaila Dya: (god). See Bhairava (god)
Bhairava (god), 205 , 446 , 460 -461
as Akasa Bhaila Dya:, 257 , 718 n. 52
forms of, 255 -259, 261 , 718 n. 53
Swatuna (stone deity), 262 , 264 , 486 , 554 , 719 n. 60, 744 n. 49
as threshhold god, 192 , 261 -262
See also Seto Bhairava (god)
Bhairava Jatra [20], Biska, 467 -468, 468 -474, 649 , 739 n. 48
chariot events, 170 -171, 464 , 468 -498 passim, 469 , 582 , 740 n. 13
Bhairava Jatra [55], 454 , 655
Bhajana (music group), 471 , 483 , 771
Bhaktapur, as an archaic city, 18 -19, 25 -26, 617
Bhaktapur, city of,
1971 population of, 35 , 56 -57, 67
boundaries and the bordering outside, 156 -166, 614 -615
city walls, 156 -157, 693 -694 n. 29
concentric circles of, 174 -182, 714 n. 16
crossroads within, 192 -194, 271
cultural evolution of the, 616 -620
gateways of, 149 -150, 157 , 185 -186
Gorkhali conquest of, 14 -15, 68 , 704 n. 55
iconic images of the, 151
infrastructure of the, 53
macrostatus organization of, 69 -71, 107 -108
non-Newars in, 59 , 87 -88, 730 n. 40
number of thars in, 71
overviews of, 4 , 59 , 67 -68, 616 -620
the pantheon of, 272 -292
political history of, 13 -15, 39 -42, 616 -619, 690 n. 7
sacrifice and the commitment to, 332 -335
spatial divisions of, 55 -56, 150 -151, 174 -182, 182 -186, 490
the stable order of, 615 -620
study of, 4 -5
Tantrism's importance in, 319 -335, 338 -340
upper and lower halves of, 152 , 168 -174, 176 , 184 , 198 , 461 , 468 , 472 -473, 495 , 737 n. 20, 741 n. 21, 755 n. 6
as a yantra within a mandala[*] , 153 -156, 166 -168, 228 -231, 709 n. 2
See also Statistics on Bhaktapur; Twa: areas; Typology of Bhaktapur
Bhaktapur festivals. See Festivals and city events
Bhaktapur Newari (dialect). See Newari language
Bhakti (religion or devotion), 381 , 430 , 771
Rama as focus of, 433
Bhari thar , 95
Bhatta[*] Brahmans, 87 , 95 , 97 , 352 -353, 366
Bhau thar , 95
Bhavani, 718 n. 49
Bhe(n)ca , 125 -126, 632 , 771
See also Paju
Bhisi(n) Dya:/Bhimasena (god), 252 -254, 258 , 421 , 718 n. 50
number of shrines of, 205
Bhote. See Tibetans
Bhuisinha(n). See Pigments, ritual; Worship materials
Bhutal Bhut-pret (spirit), 270 -272, 519 , 719 -720 n. 66, 771
See also Preta (ghost)
Bhwae. See Feasts
Bindu , 322
Birta ownership, 693 n. 27
Birth,
and death pollution (asauca ), 358 , 377 , 388 -389, 391 , 661 , 731 n. 11, 732 nn. 12-13
mothers and, 116 -117, 125 -126, 660 -661, 705 n. 6
See also Children; Rites of passage (samskaras )
Biska: festival [20-30], 167 , 222 , 432 , 649 , 692 n. 19, 740 n. 8
Bhairava chariot events, 170 -171,
Biska: festival (continued )
464 , 468 -498 passim, 469 , 582 , 740 n. 13
city halves' struggle during the, 170 -171, 471 -473, 755 n. 6
city space use by the, 496 -497
divine actors of, 495 -496
eighth day, 488 -490, 649 , 740 n. 8
fourth day of the, 475 -484, 740 n. 8
human actors of, 494 -495
interactive vs. parallel features of, 494
major themes and foci of, 464 , 466 -467, 476 , 487 , 492 -500, 589 , 649 , 740 n. 8, 755 n. 11
message of, 337 , 499 -500, 586 , 755 n. 4
Mohani festival compared with, 492 -500 passim, 555 -563
the name of, 478 , 479 , 740 n. 7, 742 n. 29
narrative content of, 497 -499
ninth day conclusion of, 490 -492, 649
preliminary preparations for the, 467 -468
rhetoric for engagement in, 499
scholarly views of, 476 , 742 n. 28
second and third days of the, 474 -475
seventh day, 488 , 649 , 740 n. 8
sixth day, 487 -488, 649 , 740 n. 8
as a solar festival, 492 -493
spatial axis for the, 470 , 476 , 496 -497
Swarm festival compared to, 492 -500 passim, 586
Yasin god, 464 , 467 , 475 , 476 -477, 480 -482, 495 -496, 740 nn. 6, 9-10, 742 n. 27, 743 nn. 36-37
Biswakarma (god). See Siva (god), of crafts and trades
"Black night." See Mohani festival [67-76]
Blacksmiths thar (Kau), 83 , 95 , 627
Blood, menstrual. See Menses
Blood relationships. See Kinship
Blood sacrifice, 3 , 32 , 285 , 431 , 484
during Mohani, 186 , 532 -550 passim, 750 nn. 50-57, 751 nn. 58-62, 65 -68, 752 nn, 82-83
hierarchical division (siu ) of the, 328 -331, 539 , 550 , 753 n. 86
human, 331 -332, 514 -516, 722 n. 10, 746 n. 17
killing contrasted to, 323 , 327 -329, 333 -334, 574 -575, 725 n. 44, 741 n. 24
Nine Durgas cycle, 335 , 507 , 564 -565, 567 , 569 , 571 , 574 , 754 nn. 102, 104
offering (bali ), 302 , 679 , 682
significance of in Bhaktapur, 332 -335, 574 -575, 608
Tantrism and, 323 -335
Bode, town of, 487
Body elements (mahabhuta ), 415
Body, the ethereal (bhogadeha ), 685 , 768 n. 75
Body, the physical,
exuviae pollution by, 386 -388, 392 -395, 732 -733 n. 23
symbolism and cultural extensions of the, 394 -395
See also Phallus; Vagina (yoni )
Body purification. See Purification
Bonfires,
Sila Ca:re, 429
straw mat, 421
Boundaries, symbolic,
maintenance and breaching of, 614 -615
ordinary reality and, 606 -608
Boundaries, symbolic city, 156 -166, 337 , 496 -497, 556 , 559 , 693 n. 29
bordering vs. distant, 157 , 165 -166, 559 -562
cremation outside the, 161 -162, 513 -514, 679 -680, 730 n. 1, 746 n. 14, 767 nn. 60-61
goddesses protecting the, 158 -159, 285 -286, 571 -575, 748 n. 33
lineage gods outside the, 159 -161
the Nine Durgas and, 505 -506, 571 -575
untouchables and the, 162 -165, 711 nn. 14, 15
See also Spatial symbolism
hair-shaving ceremony (busakha ), 662 -664
samskaras for, 662 -665
See also Children; Siblings
Bracketed numbers ([ ]). See Numbering; Appendix Five
Brahmani (goddess), 155 , 166 -167, 230 , 508 , 525 , 748 n. 33
Mohani vrata for, 529 -549 passim
Brahmani/Mahesvari[*] Jatra, Biska: [27], 488 , 649
Bhatta[*] , 87 , 95 , 97 , 352 -353, 366
contradictory roles of the, 340 , 352 ,
372 -374, 614 , 726 n. 51, 758 -759 n. 12
contrasts and oppositions to, 601 -602
differentiated rites of passage of the, 661 , 663 -664, 763 n. 12
food and water acceptance by, 102 -103, 383
Indo-Nepalese, 708 n. 36, 722 n. 11
kings and, 341 -344, 601 , 602 -603, 618
Lakhe, 78 , 94 , 352 , 699 n. 13, 727 n. 7
marriage rituals of, 665 , 670 , 673 -676 passim, 764 n. 21
non-Newar, 76 , 87 , 106 , 352 -353, 539 , 732 n. 14
polarity of untouchables and the, 395 -396, 733 n. 28, 734 n. 30
worship assisted by, 638 -639
See also Priests; Rajopadhyaya thar (Brahmans)
Bride. See Marriage
Brothers. See Paju (mother's brother); Siblings
Buddha Jaya(n)ti, 435 -436
Buddhism of the Himalayas, 205 , 439 , 689 n. 9, 701 n. 32
See also Vajrayana Buddhism
Buddhism in India. See India
Buddhists of Bhaktapur, 59
Bare, 95 , 105 -106, 704 n. 51
festivals of, 435 -436, 441 , 452 , 738 n. 31
the Hindu system and, 362 -363
sakya, 97
thar groups, 77 , 85 -87, 435 -436, 701 n. 31
Buffalo butchers. See Nae thar
Buffalo demon. See Mahisasuramardini
Buffalo, water, sacrificial, 186 , 236 , 716 n. 33
Buraburi ja(n)ko (old-age ceremonies), 676 -677, 766 n. 50
Bura(n) taegu (Brahmanical initiation), 664 -665
Burial. See Death rituals
Busakha (boy's hair shaving), 662 -664
Busakha ceremony, 662 -664
Butchers thar. See Nae thar
Byaha. See Marriage
Byan(n)kegu (purification), 390 -392, 395 -396, 639 , 732 n. 22, 769 n. 90, 770 n. 95, 771