Comrades and Enemies
  Acknowledgments
 collapse sectionAbbreviations
 collapse sectionBibliographical Citations
 •Organizations and other Terms

 collapse sectionIntroduction
 •The “Dual Society” Paradigm
 •The Emergence of A Relational Paradigm
 •Discourse, Workers, and Narrative
 •Sources, Terminology, and Politics
 •Notes
 collapse section1. Zionism and Palestine before the First world War
 •The Emergence of Zionism
 •Zionism, Palestine, and Colonial Discourse
 •Early Zionism, Palestine, and Its Inhabitants
 •Socialist Zionism and the Arabs of Palestine
 •Borokhov, Borokhovism, and Palestine
 •The Encounter in Palestine
 •The “Conquest of Labor”
 •The Struggle for “Hebrew Labor”
 •Economic Separatism and Working-Class Formation
 •Notes
 collapse section2. Labor Zionism and the Arab Working Class, 1920–1929
 •The Arabs of Palestine In Labor-Zionist Discourse
 •Delegitimizing Palestinian Arab Nationalism
 •The Histadrut and the “Arab Question”
 •“It is clear that we must organize them, but…”
 •Ben-Gurion and the Arab Working Class
 •Zionism, Democracy, and Arab Workers
 •The Controversy over Joint Organization
 •The Struggles at Nesher, 1924–25
 •Organizing Arab Workers
 •The Carpenters' and Tailors' Strike
 •“We cannot be your slaves”
 •Palestine, South Africa, and Native Labor
 •From “Historic Mission” to Benign Neglect
 •Notes
 collapse section3. The Railway Workers of Palestine (I): The Struggle for Arab-Jewish Unity, 1919–1925
 •The Early Railway Workforce
 •The Arab and Jewish Railway Workers: First Contacts
 •Worker Militancy and Arab-Jewish Relations
 •Struggling for Unity
 •Arab-Jewish Unity and the Question of Zionism
 •Narratives of Failure
 •The Palestinian Arab Workers' Society
 •Notes
 collapse section4. The Railway Workers of Palestine (II): Cooperation and Conflict, 1925–1939
 •One Workforce, Two Unions
 •Recurring Dreams of Unity
 •Competition and Cooperation in the Early 1930s
 •Mass Mobilization and Its Aftermath
 •The Railway Workers During the Arab Revolt
 •Hashomer Hatza‘ir and the Railway Workers
 •Notes
 collapse section5. Arab Workers and the Histadrut, 1929–1936
 •The Renewal of “Arab Work”
 •The Drivers' Strikes
 •“Arab Activism” in Crisis
 •On the Haifa Waterfront
 •Travails of Hebrew Labor
 •Arab Workers, the Histadrut, and the Paws
 •The Nesher Quarry Workers
 •The PLL in Haifa
 •Arab Workers and Hebrew Labor in the Moshavot
 •The Dockworkers of Jaffa
 •Labor Organizing and Intelligence Work
 •Arab Workers and Hebrew Labor In Jaffa
 •The Jaffa Dockworkers and the PLL
 •The “Even Vesid” Affair and the IPC Strike
 •The Gathering Storm
 •Notes
 collapse section6. The Arab Revolt and Labor Zionism, 1936–1939
 •The General Strike and Hebrew Labor
 •The PLL During the Revolt
 •The Royal Commission and Labor in Palestine
 •“The Truth of the Matter”
 •The Revolt and its Suppression
 •The 1930s in Retrospect
 •Notes
 collapse section7. Workers, Labor Movements, and the Left During the Second World War
 •The War Years: Economic and Political Change
 •The Railway Workers: From Estrangement to Joint Struggle
 •The Histadrut, Hashomer Hatza‘ir, and “Arab Work”
 •The Revival of the Arab Labor Movement
 •Hashomer Hatza‘ir in Search of the Arab Left
 •The Resurrection of the PLL
 •The Camps and the Camp Workers
 •The Struggle for the Camps
 •The Collapse of the PCP and the Emergence of the NLL
 •The PLL: Confusion, Drift, and Defeat
 •Worker Activism and the Arab Labor Movement
 •Notes
 collapse section8. Labor Activism and Politics, 1945–1948
 •Perspectives on Cooperation
 •The Petroleum Sector, 1943–48
 •The April 1946 General Strike
 •The British Military Bases, 1945–48
 •The Disintegration of the Arab Workers' Movement
 •The PLL: Paralysis and Pathos
 •Hashomer Hatza‘ir and the End of the Binationalist Dream
 •The Descent into Madness
 •Notes
 collapse section9. Conclusion
 •“If Only” History, Lost Voices, and Ways of Knowing
 •Specificity and the Relational Approach
 •Notes

 collapse sectionBibliography
 •Archives
 •Interviews
 •Unpublished Papers, Theses, and Dissertations
 •Periodicals
 •Books and Articles
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