Technology and Scholarly Communication |
PREFACE |
![]() | INTRODUCTION: ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING, DIGITAL LIBRARIES, AND THE SCHOLARLY ENVIRONMENT |
• | Introduction |
• | Information Technology and the Productivity Puzzle |
![]() | Measuring Demand and Supply: The Foundations for Pricing Strategies and Survival |
• | Objectives to Be Accomplished |
• | Costs |
• | Usage and Demand |
• | A Look into the Future: Questions But No Answers (Yet) |
![]() | PART ONE— TECHNOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS |
![]() | Chapter 1— Making Technology Work for Scholarship Investing in the Data |
• | New Technology or Old? |
• | Electronic Text and Data Formats |
• | Standard Generalized Markup Language (Sgml) |
• | Text Encoding Initiative |
• | Encoded Archival Description (Ead) |
• | Other Applications of SGML |
• | SGML, HTML, and XML |
• | SGML and New Models of Scholarship |
• | Making SGML Work Effectively |
![]() | Chapter 2— Digital Image Quality From Conversion to Presentation and Beyond |
![]() | Digital Benchmarking |
• | Why Do Benchmarking? |
![]() | Conversion Benchmarking |
• | Objective Evaluation |
• | Subjective Evaluation |
• | Determining Scanning Resolution Requirements for Replacement Purposes |
• | So How Does Conversion Benchmarking Work? |
• | Conversion Benchmarking beyond Text |
![]() | Display Benchmarking |
• | So How Does Display Benchmarking Work? |
• | Conclusion |
![]() | Chapter 3— The Transition to Electronic Content Licensing The Institutional Context in 1997 |
• | Introduction |
• | Why do Contracts or Licenses (Rather Than Copyright) Govern Electronic Content? |
• | When Did This Mode of Doing Business Begin for Libraries? |
• | What has happend to increase Libraries' Awareness of Licenses? |
• | Some notable challenges of the library licensing Environment Today |
• | Succeeding (Not Just Coping) |
• | Beyond the license? |
![]() | PART TWO— ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING: EMPIRICAL STUDIES |
![]() | Chapter 4— Information-Based Productivity |
• | Productivity |
• | The Scully Project |
![]() | Achieving Information-Based Productivity Gains |
• | Productivity Gains Subject to Administrative Control |
• | Productivity Gains Subject to Reader Control |
• | Productivity as an Urgent Concern of Higher Education |
• | Appendix Cost Model for the Scully Project |
![]() | Chapter 5— Comparing Electronic Journals to Print Journals Are There Savings? |
• | Background on the Project |
• | Direct Costs of Publication |
• | Indirect Costs |
• | Market Differences |
• | Conclusion |
![]() | Chapter 6— Electronic Publishing in Academia An Economic Perspective |
• | Scholar |
![]() | Publisher |
• | Publisher Costs |
• | Publisher Revenue |
• | Other Publishers |
• | Economies of Scope |
• | Rents |
![]() | Library |
• | Conventional Library Costs |
![]() | Electronic Agent |
• | Storage and Networks |
• | Integration into a Database |
• | Agent's Strategy |
• | Conclusion |
![]() | Chapter 7— JSTOR The Development of a Cost-Driven, Value-Based Pricing Model |
• | History |
• | Defining The "Product" |
• | Determining Viability |
• | Defing the Costs |
• | Defining Pricing |
• | Conclusion |
![]() | Chapter 8— The Effect of Price: Early Observations |
• | Introduction |
• | In the Basic Paper World |
• | Altering Services |
• | Electronic Pricing |
• | End User Purchasing |
• | Tulip (The University Licensing Program) |
![]() | Elsevier Science Experiences with Commercial Electronic Journals |
• | Elsevier Electronic Subscriptions |
• | Immunology Today Online (ITO) |
• | Journal of the American College of Cardiology |
• | GeneCOMBIS and Earth and Planetary Sciences Letters Online |
![]() | Experiences of Others |
• | Red Sage Experiment |
• | Society CD-ROM Options |
• | BioMedNet |
• | Peak: The Next Experiment |
• | In Conclusion |
![]() | Chapter 9— Electronic Publishing Is Cheaper |
• | The Supra of the Infra |
• | Optimum Optimism |
• | The electronic Market |
• | Chapter 10— Economics Of Electronic Publishing—Cost Issues Comments on Part Two |
![]() | PART THREE— USE OF ELECTRONIC JOURNALS AND BOOKS: EMPIRICAL STUDIES |
![]() | Chapter 11— Analysis of JSTOR The Impact on Scholarly Practice of Access to On-line Journal Archives |
• | The Jstor System |
• | Journal Use in the Social Sciences |
• | Goals of this Study |
![]() | Method |
• | Participants |
• | Design and Procedure |
![]() | Results |
• | Information Searching |
• | Who Used JSTOR |
• | Journal Use |
• | Internet Use |
• | The Relationship of Journal and Internet Use to JSTOR Use |
![]() | Discussion |
• | Summary of Findings |
• | Limitations of the Study |
• | Implications for the JSTOR Experiment |
• | References |
![]() | Chapter 12— Patterns of Use for the Bryn Mawr Reviews |
• | Historical Background |
![]() | Data |
• | Gopher Reports |
• | Subscriptions |
• | Subscriber Surveys |
• | Conclusions |
![]() | Chapter 13— The Crosscurrents of Technology Transfer The Czech and Slovak Library Information Network |
• | Introduction |
• | The Caslin Projects |
• | Crosscurrents |
• | Concluding Remarks |
![]() | Chapter 14— Consortial Access versus Ownership |
• | Introduction |
• | Overview of Pricing Relevant to Electronic Journals |
• | Access Versus Ownership Strategy |
![]() | Preliminary Analysis of Financial Impact |
• | Financial Analysis |
• | Econometric Analysis |
• | Conclusion |
• | Chapter 15— The Use of Electronic Scholarly Journals Models of Analysis and Data Drawn from the Project MUSE Experience at Johns Hopkins University |
![]() | Chapter 16— A New Consortial Model for Building Digital Libraries |
• | A Digital Delivery System |
• | Rights Management System |
• | A New Consortial Model |
• | A Payments System For The Consortium |
• | Data Collection |
• | Publishers And Digital Libraries |
• | Conclusions |
• | References |
• | Appendix A Consortial Standards |
• | TIFF |
• | Adobe PDF |
• | SICI (Serial Item and Contribution Identifier) |
![]() | Appendix B Equipment Standards for End Users |
• | Minimum Equipment Required |
• | Recommended Configuration of Equipment |
![]() | Appendix C Additional Hardware Specifications |
• | Storage for Digital Copies |
• | Campuswide Networks |
• | Appendix D System Transactions as Initiated by an End User |
![]() | Appendix E Scanning and Work Flow |
• | Article Scanning, PDF Conversion, and Image Quality Control |
• | Scan-and-Store Process Resources |
• | Scan-and-Store Process: Scanner Operator |
• | Scan-and-Store Process: Acrobat Conversion Workstation |
• | Scan-and-Store Process: Scanning Supervisor |
• | Notification to and Viewing by User of Availability of Scanned Article |
• | Appendix F Technical Justification for a Digitization Standard for the Consortium |
![]() | Chapter 17— On-line Books at Columbia Early Findings on Use, Satisfaction, and Effect |
• | Introduction |
• | Conceptual Framework |
![]() | The On-line Books Collection |
• | Design of the On-line Books Collection |
• | Methodology for Studying Use of and Reactions to Various Book Formats |
![]() | Use of Books in On-line Collection |
• | Reference Books |
• | Nonreference Books |
• | Location of Use of On-line Books |
• | Scholars' Access to On-line Resources |
• | Scholars' Choice among Book Formats |
• | Scholars' Reactions to Book Formats and Characteristics |
• | Conclusions |
![]() | Chapter 18— The Library and the University Press Two Views of Costs and Problems in Scholarly Publishing |
• | Introduction |
![]() | Library Costs |
• | Library Materials: Print |
• | Library Materials: Electronic |
• | Operations Costs in Libraries |
• | Capital Costs |
![]() | The Economics of Electronic Publishing: A View from the University of California Press |
• | Electronic Pricing Models |
• | Electronic Costs |
• | Income for Electronic Product |
• | Conclusion |
![]() | PART FOUR— VISIONS OF THE FUTURE |
![]() | Chapter 19— Licensing, Copyright, and Fair Use The Thesauron Project (Toward an ASCAP for Academics) |
![]() | Defining the thesauron universe |
• | What Kinds of Works Will the Thesauron Depository Include? |
• | Whose Works Will Be Included in the Thesauron Depository? |
![]() | Deposit |
• | Entry of Works |
• | Exit of Works |
• | Terms and Conditions |
![]() | Access |
• | What Users May Access the Thesauron Depository? |
• | Conditions on Use |
• | How Will Users Know Thesauron's Holdings? |
• | How Will Users Access Material from the Thesauron Depository? |
![]() | Authenticity |
• | Delivery from the Thesauron Depository |
• | Subsequent Generations of Documents Originally Obtained from the Depository |
![]() | Tracking |
• | Identification of Uses |
• | Reporting |
• | Billing |
• | Other potential applications of thesauron |
![]() | Costs of implementation and maintenance |
• | Initial Setup |
• | Maintenance |
• | Paying for Thesauron |
![]() | Appendix A The Thesauron Project: Annotated Bibliography of On-line Sources |
![]() | Defining the Thesauron Universe |
• | What Kinds of Works Will the Thesauron Depository Include? |
• | Whose Works Will Be Included in the Thesauron Depository? |
![]() | Deposit |
• | Entry of Works |
• | Terms and Conditions |
![]() | Access |
• | What Users May Access the Thesauron Depository? |
• | Conditions on Use |
• | How Would Users Access Material from the Thesauron Depository? |
![]() | Authenticity |
• | Delivery from the Thesauron Depository |
• | Subsequent Generations of Documents Originally Obtained from the Depositor |
![]() | Tracking |
• | Reporting |
• | Billing |
• | Chapter 20— Technical Standards and Medieval Manuscripts |
![]() | Chapter 21— Digital Libraries A Unifying or Distributing Force? |
• | Introduction |
• | The Web |
• | On-Line Journals and the Web |
• | Risks of the Web |
• | University Publishing |
• | Information Location |
• | New Creativity |
• | Conclusion |
• | References |
![]() | Chapter 22— Digital Documents and the Future of the Academic Community |
• | The System of Scholarly Communication |
• | Digital Documents and Academic Productivity |
• | Digital Documents and Academic Community |
![]() | Chapter 23— The Economics of Electronic Journals |
• | Introduction |
• | Costs of Print Journals |
• | Costs of "Free" Electronic Journals |
• | The Perverse Incentives in Scholarly Publishing |
• | The Future |
• | References |
• | Chapter 24— Cost and Value in Electronic Publishing |
![]() | Chapter 25— The Future of Electronic Journals |
![]() | Demand and Supply |
• | Supply of Scholarly Communication |
• | Demand for Scholarly Communication |
• | The Production of Academic Journals |
• | Other Costs |
• | Reengineering Journal Production |
• | Impact of Reengineering |
![]() | Electronic Distribution |
• | Chickens and Eggs |
![]() | When Everything is Electronic |
• | Document Structure |
![]() | Filtering Costs |
• | Dimensions of Filtering |
• | A Model for Electronic Publication |
• | Appendix A Cost of a Small Math Journal |
• | References |
![]() | Notes |
• | PREFACE |
• | INTRODUCTION: ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING, DIGITAL LIBRARIES, AND THE SCHOLARLY ENVIRONMENT |
• | Chapter 1— Making Technology Work for Scholarship Investing in the Data |
• | Chapter 2— Digital Image Quality From Conversion to Presentation and Beyond |
• | Chapter 3— The Transition to Electronic Content Licensing The Institutional Context in 1997 |
• | Chapter 4— Information-Based Productivity |
• | Chapter 6— Electronic Publishing in Academia An Economic Perspective |
• | Chapter 7— JSTOR The Development of a Cost-Driven, Value-Based Pricing Model |
• | Chapter 9— Electronic Publishing Is Cheaper |
• | Chapter 11— Analysis of JSTOR The Impact on Scholarly Practice of Access to On-line Journal Archives |
• | Chapter 12— Patterns of Use for the Bryn Mawr Reviews |
• | Chapter 13— The Crosscurrents of Technology Transfer The Czech and Slovak Library Information Network |
• | Chapter 14— Consortial Access versus Ownership |
• | Chapter 17— On-line Books at Columbia Early Findings on Use, Satisfaction, and Effect |
• | Chapter 18— The Library and the University Press Two Views of Costs and Problems in Scholarly Publishing |
• | Chapter 19— Licensing, Copyright, and Fair Use The Thesauron Project (Toward an ASCAP for Academics) |
• | Chapter 22— Digital Documents and the Future of the Academic Community |
• | Chapter 25— The Future of Electronic Journals |
SUMMARY COMMENTS |
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY |
CONTRIBUTORS |
![]() | INDEX |
• | A |
• | B |
• | C |
• | E |
• | F |
• | G |
• | H |
• | I |
• | J |
• | K |
• | L |
• | M |
• | N |
• | O |
• | P |
• | Q |
• | R |
• | S |
• | T |
• | V |
• | W |
• | X |
• | Y |
• | Z |