INDEX
A
ABI/Inform, 230 , 232 , 233 , 235
academic community, and digital documents, 374 -78. See also scholarly communication
academic journals. See electronic journals; print journals
academic productivity. See productivity
Acrobat, 26
administrative control, and Scully Project's productivity, 79 -84
Adobe
Acrobat Exchange, 274
Portable Document Format, 96 , 98 , 123 , 273 , 278 -79
Adonis, 227
Adorno, Theodor, 160
advertising
and network tracking, 373
revenues, from American Economic Association journals, 108
See also marketing
African American Women,286 , 287
aggregators, 62 -63, 65 , 326 -27
aliasing, 43
Alfa Informatica Group, 23
Allen, Brian, 75
Amazon Books, 202
American Association of Universities, scholarly publishing objectives, 255 , 257
American Chemical Society
and Ohio LINK, 268
American Economic Association (AEA), 169 -70
publishing costs, 105 -8
publishing revenue, 108 -9
campus license, 109 -10
economies of scope, 115
enhanced member services, 112 -13
pay-per-look, 110 -11
rents, 116
American Economic Review (AER), in JSTOR study, 178 , 185 , 191
American Historical Review, in JSTOR study, 178 , 187 , 191
American Institute of Physics, CD-ROM subscription options, 155
America Online (AOL), 122
Amos, Thomas, 349
Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. See Mellon Foundation
Archival Finding Aid Project, 352
Armstrong, Arthur G., 374
ARTFL, 161
ArticleFirst, 232
Associated Colleges of the South (ACS), 230
libraries, 242
Association for Computational Linguistics, 23
Association for Computers and the Humanities, 23
Association for Literary and Linguistic Computing, 23
Association of American Publishers (AAP), 161 , 270
Association of Research Libraries (ARL)
library costs, 314 , 316 , 317
scholarly publishing objectives, 255 , 257
Astrophysical Journal, The,170 , 172
Astrophysical Journal Letters, The,173
AT&T Bell Labs, Red Sage experiment, 155
Author/Editor, 30
Autonomous Agents: From Self Control to Autonomy,289
B
Bangs, Crunches, Whimpers, and Shrieks,289
Bellcore, 360
benchmarking. See digital benchmarking
BioMedNet, 155 -56
bitonal scanning, 44
books, on-line use of, 285 -86, 395
location of, 296 -97
nonreference, 288 -96
reference, 286 -87
by scholars, 297 -302
See also Online Books Evaluation Project
Boolean search, 376
Bowen, William G.
on JSTOR, 73
on library costs, 315 , 316 , 317
Braman, Sandra, 327 -28
Britannaca CD '98 Multimedia Edition,102 -3
Brown, John Seeley, and Paul Duguid, "The Social Life of Documents," 374 , 375
Brown University Women Writers Project, 23
Brueggeman, Peter, 310 -11
Brynjolfsson, Erik, 360 , 367 , 372
Bryn Mawr Classical Review (BMCR), 396 -98, 399
gopher reports, 195 -97
historical background, 195
overview, 201 -3
subscriber surveys, 197 -201
subscriptions, 197
Bryn Mawr College, in JSTOR study, 178 , 180 , 182 -87, 191
Bryn Mawr Commentaries,397
Bryn Mawr Medical Review (BMMR), 398 -99
gopher reports, 195 -97
historical background, 195
overview, 201 -3
subscriber surveys, 197 -201
subscriptions, 197
Bryn Mawr Reviews (BMR), 5 , 195
buildings, costs for, 119 -20
C
Cambridge University Press, 30 , 396 -97
campus intranets
and electronic agents, 125 -26
See also digital libraries; libraries; specific colleges, projects, and universities
Canadian Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, 29
Canterbury Tales project, 352
Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, 140 , 142 , 143
Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), consortial digital library, 258 -60
data collection, 267
delivery system, 260 -61
payments system, 266 -67
and publishers, 267 -71
Rights Manager system, 262 -66
CD-ROMs, 372
Britannica CD '98 Multimedia Edition,102
Chaucer's Wife of Bath's Prologue, 30
Journal of the American College of Cardiology,154
See also software
Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities (CETH), 25
Chaucer Name Dictionary,286 , 287
Chemical Abstracts, CORE project, 355 , 357
chemical sciences, digital library for. See digital libraries, consortial
Chesnutt, David, 27
Chicago Journal of Theoretical Computer Science (CJTCS), 95 , 96 , 101
background, 96 -98
publication costs, 98 -100
Chrzastowski, Tina E., 311
Clements, Patricia, 29
color fidelity, 46
Columbia Granger's World of Poetry,286 , 287
Columbia University. See Online Books Evaluation Project
Columbia University Press, 288 , 297
Communications Decency Act, 375
computer monitors. See display benchmarking
computer programs. See CD-ROMs; software
Computing Systems (COSY), 98 , 99
Concise Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, The,286 , 287
Conference on Fair Use (CONFU), 58
consortial access, versus ownership, 223 -24, 246 -47
econometric analysis, 240 -46
financial analysis, 231 -40
strategy, 229 -31
consortial digital library, 258 -60
data collection, 267
delivery system, 260 -61
payments system, 266 -67
and publishers, 267 -71
Rights Manager system, 262 -66
consortial licensing, 59 , 63 -65. See also electronic content licensing; libraries
consortial pricing, 61 . See also pricing
Consortium of Consortia (COC), 59
ContentsFirst, 232
contracts. See electronic content licensing
conversion benchmarking, 41 -45
Cooper, Michael, on library costs, 138 , 316 , 317 , 405
copyright
electronic content licensing versus, 54 -56
and Internet, 373
in scholarly communication system, 368
See also Thesauron Project
Copyright Act (1976), 54 , 55 , 65
Cornell University
New York State Kodak Photo CD project, 45
See also digital benchmarking
electronic agents' effects on, 127
for electronic journals (see electronic journals; specific journals
for electronic licensing, 58
for electronic publishing, 105 -8, 158 -66, 168 -73
for Internet access, 159 -60, 161
for libraries (see libraries)
for print journals, 9 , 10 , 107 , 381 -84,404
for publishers, 105 -8
for SGML, 30 -33
See also pricing; specific projects
Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR), 65
Council on Library Resources/Commission on Preservation and Access, 59 , 315
customer service, for Project MUSE, 164
Czech and Slovak Library Information Network (CASLIN), 206 -19
Czech Republic. See Czech and Slovak Library Information Network
databases, 376
costs for, 119
and economies of scope, 115
electronic index, 125
relational, 20
See also specific projects
data formats, 19 -21. See also specific types
data storage and networks, 121 -24, 126
dBASE, 20
debit cards, 372
Deliyannis, Deborah, 399
Denison University, in JSTOR study, 178 , 180 , 182 -87, 191
Dialog, 57
dictionary publishers, 29
digital benchmarking, 37 -41
for conversion, 41 -45
for display, 45 -50
digital documents, 366 -68
and academic community, 374 -78
and academic productivity, 371 -74
nontextual, 44 -45
structure of, 409 -10
See also digital benchmarking; electronic publishing; specific projects
digital imaging. See digital benchmarking; specific projects
and academic community, 377
data collection, 267
delivery system, 260 -61
equipment standards for end users, 273 -74
hardware specifications, 275
payments system, 266 -67
and publishers, 267 -71
Rights Manager system, 262 -66
scanning and work flow, 277 -79
digital libraries (continued)
standards, 272 -73
system transactions for end users, 275 -77
technical justification for, 279 -81
and World Wide Web, 354 -55, 364 -65
creativity, 363 -64
information location, 362 -63
on-line journals, 355 -58
risks, 358 -60
university publishing, 360 -62
See also libraries
Digital Projects Lab (DPL), 100
Digital Scriptorium, 351
display benchmarking, 45 -50
distribution, electronic. See electronic agents; electronic journals; electronic publishing; libraries; publishers; specific journals, libraries, and publishers
documents. See digital documents; medieval manuscripts; nontextual documents
Document Type Definition (DTD)
and SGML, 22 -23, 28 , 29 , 32 , 34
DTD. See Document Type Definition
Duke University, 104
Duke University Press, 390
DynaText, 33
DynaWeb, 33
E
EAD. See Encoded Archival Description
Earth and Planetary Sciences Letters Online,154 -55
EBSCOHOST, 232
Econometrica, in JSTOR study, 178
economies of scope, 114 -16
Economist, 113
editorial costs
for American Economic Association, 106 -7
and electronic working paper services, 115 -16
Electronic Access to Medieval Manuscripts, 348 -53
electronic agents, 120 -21
database integration, 124 -25
storage and networks, 121 -24
strategy, 125 -28
electronic content licensing, 53 -54
for campus intranets, 108 , 109 -10, 125 -26
copyright versus, 54 -56
for CWRU/UA consortial digital library, 262 -65
under JSTOR, 139
for libraries
alternatives, 66 -67
awareness of, 58 -60
challenges of, 60 -64
origination of, 56 -58
positive aspects of, 64 -66
See also copyright; Thesauron Project
electronic journals
consortial access versus ownership, 223 -24, 246 -47
econometric analysis, 240 -46
financial analysis, 231 -40
strategy, 229 -31
annual, per article read, 405
archiving, 405
filtering, 410 -13
"free" journals, 384 -88
production, 404
document structure, 409 -10
library costs, 311 -13
Elsevier Science, 150 -55, 156
end users, 148 -50
other publishers, 155 -56
reengineering production, 405 -7
and World Wide Web, 355 -58
See also electronic content licensing; electronic publishing; libraries; publishers; specific journals and publishers
electronic mail
hostile, 373 , 375 , 376 , 377
as productivity tool, 396
electronic publishing, 18 -19, 102 -3, 128 -29
costs, 105 -8, 158 -66, 168 -73
and electronic agents, 120 -21
database integration, 124 -25, 126 -27
data storage and networks, 121 -24, 126
strategy, 125 -28
future of, 9 -12
pricing models, 5 -9, 319 -22 (see also pricing)
revenue, 108 -9
campus license, 109 -10
economies of scope, 114 -16
enhanced member services, 112 -13
low-volume publications, 113 -14
pay-per-look, 110 -12
rents, 116 -17
and scholarship, 103 -5
and SGML, 27 -30
See also digital benchmarking; electronic content licensing; electronic journals; libraries; publishers; specific projects
electronic text, 19 -21. See also Document Type Definition; Encoded Archival Description; Extensible Markup Language; Hypertext Markup Language; Standard Generalized Markup Language; Text Encoding Initiative
electronic working paper services, 115 -16
Eleven Comprehensive Research Libraries of New York State, 45
Elsevier Electronic Subscriptions, 152 -53
Elsevier Science
Earth and Planetary Sciences Letters Online,154 -55
economies of scope, 115
Elsevier Electronic Subscriptions, 152 -53
GeneCOMBIS,154 -55
Immunology Today Online,153 -54
Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC), 154
and Ohio LINK, 268
pricing, 147 , 227 -28, 310 , 311
Pricing Electronic Access to Knowledge, 156
See also TULIP Project
Encoded Archival Description (EAD), 25 , 352
Encyclopedia Britannica,102 , 115 , 287
end users
digital library
equipment standards, 273 -74
system transactions, 275 -77
purchasing, 148 -50 (see also pricing)
See also usage
Engineering Information, Inc. (EI), 104 , 112
ERIC, 232
Extensible Markup Language (XML), 26 -27
F
Fair, Ray, 104
FastDoc, 232
FirstSearch, 232
First Search Electronic Collections Online,121
flaming, 373 , 375 , 376 , 377
G
Gene, 154
GeneCOMBIS, 154 -55
genres, digital/technological, 375 -76
gift exchange, in scholarly communication system, 368 , 369
Ginsparg, Paul, 384
Ginsparg preprint server, 384 -85, 407
GPO Catalog, 232
Grove, Andy, 384
Guidelines for the Encoding and Interchange of Electronic Texts, 23
H
Hagel, John, III , 374
Hamaker, Chuck, 150
Hamilton, Richard, 397 , 398 -99
Hammer, Michael, 328 -29
Hansen, Marie, 159
hardware, 10 , 12 , 31 , 163 , 273 , 274 , 275
Harrassowitz, 310
Harvard University, Perseus Project, 23
Haverford College, in JSTOR study, 178 , 180 , 182 -87, 191
Haworth, 240
Hellman, Eric, 387
Higher Education Grant Program, 33
High Wire Press, 66 , 67 , 153
Hill Monastic Manuscript Library (HMML), 348 , 349 , 350
Human Genome Project, 104
HUSLONET, 207
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), 26 -27, 96 , 98 , 376
I
imaging. See digital benchmarking
Immunology Today Online,153 -54
index databases, 125
Index of Economic Articles in Journals,106
Information Access Company (IAC), 226 , 228 , 232
informational content, and conversion benchmarking, 41 -43
information-based productivity. See productivity
information bundlers, 65
information technology (IT), 2 -4, 12 . See also electronic journals; electronic publishing; specific projects
Info Trac, 232
Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes, 348
Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), 57
institutional licensing. See electronic content licensing
Integrated History of Women's Writing in the British Isles, 29
intellectual property, and Rights Manager system, 262 . See also copyright; electronic content licensing; Thesauron Project
International Mathematics Research Notes (IMRN), 390
Internet
copyright protection on, 373
disadvantages of, 159
and electronic agents, 125
and network congestion, 122
usage statistics, 400
See also electronic journals; electronic publishing; World Wide Web; specific projects
J
Jaffe, Carl, 78
Jefferson, Thomas, 55
Johns Hopkins University, campus intranet, 159 -60. See also Project MUSE
Johns Hopkins University Press, 113
Johnson, Rand, 399
Journal of American History, in JSTOR study, 178
Journal of Biological Chemistry,153
Journal of Contemporary Neurology (JCN), 95 -96, 98 , 100
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL), 106
Journal of Economic Perspectives (JEP), 106
Journal of Functional and Logic Programming (JFLP), 95 , 96 , 98
Journal of Modern History, in JSTOR study, 178
Journal of Political Economy, in JSTOR study, 178 , 185 , 187 , 191
Journal of Statistics Education (JSE), 113 -14
Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC), 154
journals, electronic and print. See electronic journals; print journals; specific journals
Bowen on, 73
economies of scope, 115
history, 133 -34
mission and services provided, 134 -36
pricing, 138 -43
study on, 177
discussion, 190 -92
goals, 179 -80
journal use in social sciences, 178 -79
method, 180 -82
results, 182 -89
system, 177 -78
viability, 136 -37
K
Kenney, Anne R., 135
King, Donald W., 404
Kingma, Bruce, 315
Klaus, Václav, "Science and our Economic Future," 219
Knight-Ridder CARL UnCover, 149
Koſice Library Information Network (KOLIN), 207
L
Lanham, Richard, 89
Latour, Bruno, 377
Lemberg, William Richard, 317
Liblicense project, 65
consortial access versus ownership, 223 -24, 246 -47
econometric analysis, 240 -46
financial analysis, 231 -40
strategy, 229 -31
capital, 317 -18
conventional, 117 -20
for digitalization, 161 -62
electronic journals, 311 -13
JSTOR research on, 138 -39
operations, 313 -17
print journals and books, 309 -11
and electronic agents, 123 , 127
electronic content licensing environment, 53 -54
alternatives, 66 -67
awareness of, 58 -60
campus intranets, 108 , 109 -10, 125 -26
challenges of, 60 -64
origination of, 56 -58
positive aspects of, 64 -66
and end user purchasing, 149 -50
and scholarly communication system, 368 , 370
social functions of, 377
See also digital libraries; electronic journals; print journals; specific libraries and projects
library consortia. See libraries
Library Information Network of the Czech Academy of Science (LINCA), 207
licensing. See electronic content licensing
Los Alamos High Energy Physics Preprints, 66 , 104
Louisiana State University, 229
M
Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC), 351 -52, 353
Mackie-Mason, Jeffrey, 156
mailing costs, for American Economic Association, 107
MARC, 24 , 272 , 351 , 352 , 353
market exchange, in scholarly communication system, 368 , 369
marketing
for electronic journals, 226 -27
and network tracking, 373
for Project MUSE, 163
on World Wide Web, 163 -64
Marmor, Max, 75
Masaryk University, 208
Massy, William, 314 -15
medieval manuscripts, and technical standards, 347 -53
Meiklejohn, Alvin, 88
Mellon Foundation, 1 -2, 73 , 115 , 133 -34, 149 , 206 , 231 , 310
memberships. See subscriptions
memorization, and Scully Project, 77 -78
microfilming, 43 . See also digital benchmarking
Microsoft Access, 20
Miller, Mary E., 75
Millsaps, 235
MIT Information Systems, 98
MIT Libraries, 98
MIT Press
costs, 168 -69
electronic versus print journals, 95 -101
pricing models for journals, 112 , 128
Model Editions Partnership (MEP), 27 -28, 29 , 33
Moravian Library Information Network (MOLIN), 208
Moravian Regional Library, 206
Morino, Mario, 160 -61
multimedia, 376
MUSE. See Project MUSE
Mutual Aid Groups,295
N
National Information Infrastructure (NII), 55 , 58
National Library of the Czech Republic, and CASLIN, 206 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 212 , 215
Native American Women,286 , 287
Neal, James G., "The Use of Electronic Scholarly Journals," 250
Neural Computation (NC), 98 , 99 -100, 101
NewJour, 58
Newsletter on Serials Pricing Issues,223
New York State Kodak Photo CD project, 45
NEXIS-LEXIS, 73
Noam, Eli, 359 -60
nontextual documents, 44 -45
Nordic Digital Research Institute, 45
North Carolina State University, Journal of Statistics Education,113 -14
NorthEast Research Libraries Consortium (NERL), 53
O
OCLC. See Online Computer Library Center
offset printing, 42
Okerson, Ann S., 312
Olesko, Brian M., 311
Online Books Evaluation Project (Columbia University), 282 -83, 302 -3
book formats, 298 -302
conceptual framework, 283
contemporary books in on-line collection, 305 -8
location of on-line book use, 296 -97
methodology, 284 -85
nonreference books, 288 -96
on-line books collection, 283 -84
on-line resources, access to, 297
reference books, 286 -87
Online Clinical Trials,121
Online Computer Library Center (OCLC)
cataloging system, 267
as electronic agent, 121 , 125 , 127
Electronic Journals Online, 153
FirstSearch, 232
on-screen display, benchmarking for, 45 -50
Opentext, 33
optical character recognition (OCR), 32 ,209
Oracle, 20
Ovid, 125
Owen, Elizabeth, 75
ownership, versus consortial access, 223 -24, 246 -47
econometric analysis, 240 -46
financial analysis, 231 -40
strategy, 229 -31
Oxford English Dictionary, The,29 , 286 , 287 , 297 , 300 , 302
Oxford University, Canterbury Tales project, 352
Oxford University Press, 288 , 296 , 297 , 396 -97
P
Pacific Journal of Mathematics, production costs, 413 -14
Palacký University, 208
Panorama, 25
PapersFirst, 232
pay-per-look services, 108 ,110 -12, 127 , 139 , 226 -27
PDF. See Portable Document Format
Periodical Abstracts, 227 , 228 , 230 , 232 , 233
Perseus Project, 23
Philosophical Foundations of Social Work,295
Pitti, Daniel, 25
pixels. See display benchmarking
Portable Document Format (PDF), 96 , 98 , 123 , 273 , 278 -79
"prestige accounting," 337
consortial access versus ownership, 223 -24, 246 -47
econometric analysis, 240 -46
financial analysis, 231 -40
strategy, 229 -31
for data network services, 122
for electronic journals, 146 -48, 224 -29 (see also specific journals )
Elsevier Science, 150 -55, 156
end users, 148 -50
other publishers, 155 -56
end user purchasing, 148 -50
foundations for, 5 -9
for print journals, 145 -46
transaction-based, 108 , 110 -12, 127 , 139 , 226 -27
See also costs; revenues; subscriptions; specific projects
Pricing Electronic Access to Knowledge (PEAK), 156
print books, 18
library costs for, 309 -11
versus on-line books, 289
print journals, 18
costs, 9 , 10 , 107 , 381 -84, 404
and economies of scope, 115
library costs for, 118 -19, 309 -11
parallel publishing electronically, 158 , 164 , 312 , 313 , 319 , 321 -22, 372 (see also electronic journals; electronic publishing)
pricing, 145 -46
See also specific journals and publishers
ProceedingsFirst, 232
and digital documents, 371 -74
electronic mail as tool for, 396
in higher education, 87 -89, 375
and information technology, 2 -4
on-line information, 396
paradox of, 366 -67
See also Scully Project
productivity gains, 78 -79
administrative control of, 79 -84
reader control of, 85 -87
Project MUSE, 161
costs, 159 , 162 -63, 164 , 171
customer service, 164
economies of scope, 115
models of analysis and data from, 250 -58
public service operations, costs for, 119
publishers, 418
consortial access versus ownership, 223 -24, 246 -47
econometric analysis, 240 -46
financial analysis, 231 -40
strategy, 229 -31
costs, 105 -8
dictionary, 29
and digital libraries, 267 -71
and electronic agents, 120 , 121 , 123 , 127
and electronic licensing, 59 , 60 , 61 -63, 65
nonprofit versus for-profit, 369 , 410
revenue, 108 -9
campus license, 109 -10
economies of scope, 114 -16
enhanced member services, 112 -13
low-volume publications, 113 -14
pay-per-look, 110 -12
for print journals, 382 , 383 -84
rents, 116 -17
subscription pricing for libraries, 311 -13
university presses, electronic publishing by, 318 -19, 327 -31 (see also specific universities )
costs, 322 -24
income, 324 -27
pricing models, 319 -22
Web sites, 158
See also electronic content licensing; electronic journals; electronic publishing; print journals; specific projects and publishers
Putnam, Robert, 377
Q
Qualitative Research in Social Work,295
Quality Index (QI), 43 -44
Quarterly Journal of Economics, in JSTOR study, 178 , 187 , 191
R
readers. See subscriptions; usage
Red Sage experiment, 155
reengineering, of journal production, 405 -7
reference books, online usage of, 286 -87, 395
Regier, Willis G., 171
relational databases, 20
research
federal subsidies for, 369 -70, 371
methods, 11
See also specific projects
resolution. See digital benchmarking
resource management, and benchmarking, 41
RETROCON, 209
Revelt, David, 406
revenues
for American Economic Association journals, 108 -9
campus license, 109 -10
economies of scope, 115
enhanced member services, 112 -13
pay-per-look, 110 -11
rents, 116
for print journals, 382 , 383 -84
for university presses' electronic products, 324 -27
See also pricing
Review of Economics and Statistics, in JSTOR study, 178 , 187 , 191
rhetorical forms, digital/technological, 376
Rights Manager, 262 -66, 267 , 270
Rise of the Network Society, The,314
RLG, WebDOC system, 111
Robinson, Peter, 30
Rutgers University, 164
S
Saint John's University, Hill Monastic Manuscript Library, 348 , 349 , 350
Saint Louis University, Vatican Film Library, 348 , 350
sales. See revenue
scalability, 60 -61
scanning
in CWRU/UA consortial digital library model, 261 , 266 , 267 , 268 , 277 -79
in JSTOR project, 135 , 137 -38
See also digital benchmarking
SCAN project, 321 , 322 -23, 324 -25, 334
scholarly communication, 417 -19
demand and supply, 403 -4
electronic, 103 -5
future of, 391 -92
incentives in, 388 -91
and SGML, 27 -30
system of, 368 -71
See also digital libraries; electronic content licensing; electronic journals; electronic publishing; libraries; print journals; publishers; specific projects and universities
scholars, use of on-line books, 297 -302. See also Online Books Evaluation Project
"Science and our Economic Future" (Klaus), 219
screen diplay, benchmarking for, 45 -50
Scully, Vincent. See Scully Project
Scully Project, 75 -78
administrative control of productivity gains, 79 -84
cost model for, 90 -91
reader control of productivity gains, 85 -87
Self Expressions: Mind, Morals, and the Meaning of Life,289
Serial Item and Contribution Identifier (SICI), 273
SGML. See Standard Generalized Markup Language
sgmls shareware program, 30
shrink-wrapped licenses, 56 , 57
SIAM Journal of Control and Optimization,360
Simon and Schuster Higher Education, 288
Slovak National Library, 206 , 211
Slovak Republic. See Czech and Slovak Library Information Network
"Social Life of Documents, The" (Brown and Duguid), 374 , 375
social sciences, journal use in, 178 -79
social work books, on-line use of, 289 , 293 , 295 -96
software
for digital library end users, 274
licensing of, 56 -57
limitations of, 17
as scholarship, 364
word processing, 103
See also CD-ROMs; specific programs
source documents, digital benchmarking for. See digital benchmarking
sp shareware program, 30
Spafford, Gene, 359
Speculum, in JSTOR study, 178
Sperberg-McQueen, C. Michael, 27
Springer-Verlag
and Ohio LINK, 268
pricing, 310
Red Sage experiment, 155
Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), 21 -23, 171 -73, 351 , 352 , 353
applications of, 23 -26
costs, 30 -33
disadvantages of, 33 -34
effectiveness of, 33 -34
and HTML and XML, 26 -27
and scholarly communication, 27 -30
Stanford University, HighWire Press, 66 , 67 , 153
Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics (SNDE), 96 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 128
subscription agents, 60 -61, 65
to American Economic Association journals, 105 -6, 108
campus intranets, 109 -10
enhanced services, 112 -13
and electronic agents, 127
to electronic journals, 165 , 197 (see also electronic journals)
Elsevier Electronic Subscriptions program, 152 -53
faculty, 120
to low-volume publications, 113 -14
revenues, 325 -26
See also costs; digital libraries; electronic publishing; libraries; print journals; publishers; revenues; usage; specific journals and projects
subsidies, federal, to universities, 369 , 371
Supervision in Social Work,295
Swarthmore College, in JSTOR study, 178 , 180 , 182 -87, 191
Szarmach, Paul, 399
T
Task Strategies,295
teaching methods, 11
TEILite, 32
Tenopir, Carol, 404
Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), 23 -25, 352
Thesauron Project, 337 -38, 342 -43
costs, 341 -42
other applications, 341
time-of-day pricing, 122
TinLib, 208
tonal reproduction, 45
traffic-based pricing, 122
transactional licensing, 66
transaction-based pricing, 108 , 110 -12, 127 , 139 , 226 -27
travel expenses, 163
Trinity University, 230 , 235 , 238
Tufts University, Perseus Project, 23
TULIP Project, 6 , 150 -52, 355
Union Catalogue, 206 , 207 , 211 , 218 . See also Czech and Slovak Library Information Network
University Libraries and Scholarly Communication,309 , 313 -14
University Library of Bratislava, 206
University Microfilms (UMI), 233 -35
ABI/Inform, 230 , 232 , 233 , 235
library subscriptions to, 238
Periodical Abstracts, 227 , 228 , 230 , 232 , 233
pricing, 242
University of Akron (UA), consortial digital library, 9 , 258 -60
data collection, 267
delivery system, 260 -61
payments system, 266 -67
and publishers, 267 -71
Rights Manager system, 262 -66
University of Arizona, 164
University of California (Berkeley)
Archival Finding Aid Project, 352
library operations costs, 315 -16, 317 , 318 , 324
University of California (San Francisco), Red Sage experiment, 155
University of California Press, electronic publishing, 318 -19
costs, 322 -24
income, 324 -27
pricing models, 319 -22
University of Chicago. See Chicago Journal of Theoretical Computer Science
University of Chicago Press, 168 -73.
University of Illinois, 102 , 164
University of Michigan
in JSTOR study, 178 , 180 , 182 -87, 190 -91 (see also JSTOR)
and Pricing Electronic Access to Knowledge, 156
University of Pavel Josef Safárik (UPJS), 207
university presses
electronic publishing by, 318 -19, 327 -31
costs, 322 -24
income, 324 -27
pricing models, 319 -22
federal subsidies to, 369
Web sites of, 360 -62
See also specific university presses
Unshielded Twisted Pairs (UTPs), 159
consortial access versus ownership, 223 -24, 246 -47
econometric analysis, 240 -46
financial analysis, 231 -40
strategy, 229 -31
end user purchasing, 148 -50 (see also pricing)
at Johns Hopkins University, 159 -60
licensing and, 57 , 60 , 61 -62
of on-line books
location of, 296 -97
nonreference, 288 -96
reference, 286 -87
by scholars, 297 -302
transaction-based, 108 , 110 -12, 127 , 139 , 226 -27
through subscriptions, 66 , 67 (see also subscriptions)
unrestricted, 66 -67
See also electronic content licensing; electronic journals; electronic publishing; print journals; specific journals and projects
V
Van Alstyne, Marshall, 360
Vatican Film Library, 348 , 350
vendors
and benchmarking, 40 -41
and electronic licensing, 59 , 60 -61, 62
for index databases, 125
See also publishers; specific vendors
Videre: Journal of Computer Vision Research,96
Virginia Polytechnic Institute Scholarly Communications Project, 98
virtual community, 373 , 374 , 375 , 377
visual media, 376
visual memory training, and Scully Project, 77 -78
W
Washington University, 102
WebDOC, 111
Western Michigan University, 399
Whitaker, Martha, 149
William and Mary Quarterly, in JSTOR study, 178
Williams College, in JSTOR study, 178 , 180 , 182 -87, 191
Women Writers Project, Brown University, 23
WordPerfect, 56
word processing software, 103
WordStar, 56
Working Group on Intellectual Property Rights in the Electronic Environment, 58
working paper services, electronic, 115 -16
WorldCat, 232
World Wide Web (WWW)
and data storage and networks, 123
and digital libraries, 354 -55, 364 -65
creativity, 363 -64
information location, 362 -63
on-line journals, 355 -58
risks, 358 -60
university publishing, 360 -62
and electronic agents, 125
and electronic publishing, 102 , 103 -4, 164 (see also electronic publishing)
marketing on, 163 -64
pay-per-look services, 110 -12
publisher Web sites, 158
SGML Web pages, 25 -26
usage statistics, 400
See also electronic journals; electronic publishing; Internet; specific projects
World Wide Web Consortium, 27
World Wide Web Liblicense project, 65
Writing System Declaration, 24
X
XML. See Extensible Markup Language
Y
Yale University. See Scully Project
Yale University Library, 53 , 58 , 59 -60, 63 , 65
Z
Zemsky, Robert, 314 -15