1. Wöhler to Liebig, 10 May 1851, in Hofmann, LWB , 1 , 364; Bunsen to Debus, [May or June] 1851, in Heinrich Debus, Erinnerungen an Robert Wilhelm Bunsen (Kassel: Fischer, 1901), p. 160.

2. Bunsen to Marburg Faculty, 9 February 1851, HSA, Marburg, 16. Rep. VI, K1.8, Nr. 25, f. 17.

3. Liebig to Hofmann, 10 May and 25 October 1851, in Brock, LHB , pp. 112-113 and 117; Liebig to Wöhler, 19 May and 8 July 1851, in Hofmann, LWB , 1 , 365 and 370.

4. Liebig to Hofmann, 10 May 1851, and Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, in Brock, LHB , pp. 112-114.

5. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 25 October and 15 November 1851, ibid., pp. 117-119.

6. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 15 April 1852, ibid., p. 127.

7. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 17 June 1852, ibid., p. 138.

8. Ibid.; Hofmann to Liebig, no date (ca. July 1852), and Liebig to Hofmann, 18 July 1852, in Brock, LHB , pp. 142-143. See also Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, ibid., p. 113, where Hofmann also commented that a reason for declining Marburg was not to harm his friendship with Kolbe, who he knew very much wanted the call.

4. Liebig to Hofmann, 10 May 1851, and Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, in Brock, LHB , pp. 112-114.

5. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 25 October and 15 November 1851, ibid., pp. 117-119.

6. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 15 April 1852, ibid., p. 127.

7. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 17 June 1852, ibid., p. 138.

8. Ibid.; Hofmann to Liebig, no date (ca. July 1852), and Liebig to Hofmann, 18 July 1852, in Brock, LHB , pp. 142-143. See also Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, ibid., p. 113, where Hofmann also commented that a reason for declining Marburg was not to harm his friendship with Kolbe, who he knew very much wanted the call.

4. Liebig to Hofmann, 10 May 1851, and Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, in Brock, LHB , pp. 112-114.

5. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 25 October and 15 November 1851, ibid., pp. 117-119.

6. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 15 April 1852, ibid., p. 127.

7. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 17 June 1852, ibid., p. 138.

8. Ibid.; Hofmann to Liebig, no date (ca. July 1852), and Liebig to Hofmann, 18 July 1852, in Brock, LHB , pp. 142-143. See also Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, ibid., p. 113, where Hofmann also commented that a reason for declining Marburg was not to harm his friendship with Kolbe, who he knew very much wanted the call.

4. Liebig to Hofmann, 10 May 1851, and Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, in Brock, LHB , pp. 112-114.

5. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 25 October and 15 November 1851, ibid., pp. 117-119.

6. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 15 April 1852, ibid., p. 127.

7. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 17 June 1852, ibid., p. 138.

8. Ibid.; Hofmann to Liebig, no date (ca. July 1852), and Liebig to Hofmann, 18 July 1852, in Brock, LHB , pp. 142-143. See also Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, ibid., p. 113, where Hofmann also commented that a reason for declining Marburg was not to harm his friendship with Kolbe, who he knew very much wanted the call.

4. Liebig to Hofmann, 10 May 1851, and Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, in Brock, LHB , pp. 112-114.

5. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 25 October and 15 November 1851, ibid., pp. 117-119.

6. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 15 April 1852, ibid., p. 127.

7. ibid. Liebig to Hofmann, 17 June 1852, ibid., p. 138.

8. Ibid.; Hofmann to Liebig, no date (ca. July 1852), and Liebig to Hofmann, 18 July 1852, in Brock, LHB , pp. 142-143. See also Hofmann to Liebig, 18 May 1851, ibid., p. 113, where Hofmann also commented that a reason for declining Marburg was not to harm his friendship with Kolbe, who he knew very much wanted the call.

9. In letters of 16 January 1847, 25 January 1848, and 21 November 1849 (SSDM 3579, 3581, and 3591) Wöhler tried to respond to Kolbe's job search.

10. Hofmann to Nasse, 19 January 1851, HSA, 16. Rep. VI, Kl. 8, Nr. 25, ff. 15-16.

11. Bunsen to Nasse, 9 February 1851; Wöhler to Bunsen, 26 December 1850 and 1 January 1851; Liebig to Bunsen, 8 January 1851; Berzelius to Bunsen, 24 January 1845 and 13 February 1846; transcriptions made in 1851 and preserved in the HSA, 16. Rep. VI, Kl. 8, Nr. 25, ff. 17-21.

12. Ibid., f. 46; HSA, 305a . A IV, 4b., Nr. 94; 305a . A IV, 4c.  2, Nr. 5; 307d . le., 15 February 1851.

13. Ibid.; HSA, 305a . A IV, 4c. e.1, Nr. 6; 153/4, Nr. 21, pp. 1 and 25 (salaries for Wöhler and Bunsen); Christoph Meinel, Die Chemie an der Universität Marburg seit Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts (Marburg: Elwert, 1978), pp. 46-50. Six hundred Kurhessian thalers were equivalent to about $425, which was then a typical janitor's salary in Boston, where prices and wages were admittedly much higher than in Germany (Margaret Rossiter, The Emergence of Agricultural Science [New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1975], p. 78).

11. Bunsen to Nasse, 9 February 1851; Wöhler to Bunsen, 26 December 1850 and 1 January 1851; Liebig to Bunsen, 8 January 1851; Berzelius to Bunsen, 24 January 1845 and 13 February 1846; transcriptions made in 1851 and preserved in the HSA, 16. Rep. VI, Kl. 8, Nr. 25, ff. 17-21.

12. Ibid., f. 46; HSA, 305a . A IV, 4b., Nr. 94; 305a . A IV, 4c.  2, Nr. 5; 307d . le., 15 February 1851.

13. Ibid.; HSA, 305a . A IV, 4c. e.1, Nr. 6; 153/4, Nr. 21, pp. 1 and 25 (salaries for Wöhler and Bunsen); Christoph Meinel, Die Chemie an der Universität Marburg seit Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts (Marburg: Elwert, 1978), pp. 46-50. Six hundred Kurhessian thalers were equivalent to about $425, which was then a typical janitor's salary in Boston, where prices and wages were admittedly much higher than in Germany (Margaret Rossiter, The Emergence of Agricultural Science [New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1975], p. 78).

11. Bunsen to Nasse, 9 February 1851; Wöhler to Bunsen, 26 December 1850 and 1 January 1851; Liebig to Bunsen, 8 January 1851; Berzelius to Bunsen, 24 January 1845 and 13 February 1846; transcriptions made in 1851 and preserved in the HSA, 16. Rep. VI, Kl. 8, Nr. 25, ff. 17-21.

12. Ibid., f. 46; HSA, 305a . A IV, 4b., Nr. 94; 305a . A IV, 4c.  2, Nr. 5; 307d . le., 15 February 1851.

13. Ibid.; HSA, 305a . A IV, 4c. e.1, Nr. 6; 153/4, Nr. 21, pp. 1 and 25 (salaries for Wöhler and Bunsen); Christoph Meinel, Die Chemie an der Universität Marburg seit Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts (Marburg: Elwert, 1978), pp. 46-50. Six hundred Kurhessian thalers were equivalent to about $425, which was then a typical janitor's salary in Boston, where prices and wages were admittedly much higher than in Germany (Margaret Rossiter, The Emergence of Agricultural Science [New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1975], p. 78).

14. Kolbe to Vieweg, 12 May 1851, VA 27.

15. Meinel, Chemie , pp. 12-31 and 51-64; Bunsen to Universitäts-Deputation, 2 May 1848, HSA, 16. Rep. VI, K1. 1, Nr. 25, pp. 63-69; Edward Frankland, Sketches from the Life of Edward Frankland (London: Spottiswoode, 1901), p. 74; Tyndall to T. A. Hirst, 2 July 1849, in A. S. Eve and C. H. Creasey, The Life and Work of John Tyndall (London: Macmillan, 1845), p. 22.

16. Meinel, Chemie , pp. 50, 472, and 478-479; Frankland, Sketches , pp. 112 and 262.

17. F. Guthrie to H. E. Roscoe, 5 August 1854, Roscoe Collection.

18. I.e., "curse of Hesse," "Hesse's hatred and curse," and "cashbox curse in whore-Hesse."

19. Karl Demandt, Geschichte des Landes Hessen , 2d ed. (Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1972), pp. 552-561.

20. Kolbe to Eduard Vieweg, 15 November 1851, VA 33; Kolbe to Heinrich Vieweg, 30 April 1867, VA 249.

21. Verzeichnisse der Vorlesungen (Marburg: Bayrhoffer, 1851-1865).

22. Kolbe to Vieweg, 27 June 1851, VA 28.

23. These data and those that follow are based upon my collation of information in the handwritten Marburg Zuhörer-Verzeichnisse, winter 1850/51 to summer 1858 (HSA, 305a . A IV, b.2, Nr. 65 and 68); the Honorar Einnahme-Manual, winter 1857/58 to summer 1865 (acc. 1902/8); and the Album [Matrikel] der Universität, 1849-1868 (HSA, 305a . II, Nr. 11). Each of these alone provides only partial and not fully trustworthy data; even when they are used in conjunction, a complete picture of Kolbe's Marburg students is not possible. Meinel ( Chemie , pp. 470-472) gives overall student statistics, without some of the details on nationality and field of study provided here.

24. Kolbe to Vieweg, 21 November 1853, VA 61,

25. For my purposes here, I define "foreign" as coming from outside the German Confederation. Sources for these data are given in n. 23.

26. For example, Steven Turner, "Justus Liebig versus Prussian Chemistry: Reflections on Early Institute-Building in Germany," Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences , 13 (1982), 129-162 (on pp. 142-145), estimates that eighty-five percent of students in Prussian chemical practica in 1855 were studying medicine or pharmacy. Even after excluding the pharmacists from these figures (who in Marburg were required to study under the pharmacist Zwenger), Turner's numbers suggest that two-thirds of the Prussian chemistry clientele in that year came from medicine.

27. Kolbe to Emil Erlenmeyer, 2 July 1864, Dingler Nachlass; HSA, acc. 1902/8.

28. However, wide variations occurred from semester to semester, from a low of 50 thalers in winter 1856/57 to a high of 658 thalers in 1865, his last summer semester in Marburg. These figures were calculated from data in HSA, acc. 1902/8; see also Kolbe to Vieweg, 4 January 1857, VA 122.

29. Kolbe to Emil Erlenmeyer, 6 March 1864, Dingler Nachlass.

30. Even with the chronically low enrollments, close to half of this income

came from student fees, contrary to Turner's rough estimate of twenty to twenty-five percent ("Institute-Building," pp. 155-156). The assumption of the ministries in nineteenth-century Germany was that the great majority of a professor's income would be derived from student fees, thereby justifying the sometimes very low salaries.

31. Kolbe to Vieweg, 14 December 1859, VA 149.

32. Kolbe to Vieweg, 31 December 1860, VA 164.

33. Kolbe to Vieweg, VA 50, 52, 61, 91, 122, 137, and 148 (1853-1859); Kolbe to Vieweg, 14 February 1859, VA 149. Hofmann also lent him money in Marburg; see Kolbe to Hofmann, 3 June 1866, Chemiker-Briefe.

34. For Kopp and Will, see Max Speter, "'Vater Kopp': Bio-, Biblio- und Psychographisches von und über Hermann Kopp (1817-1892)," Osiris , 5 (1938), 392-460 (on p. 414); for Prussia in 1834, see Charles McClelland, State, Society and University in Germany, 1700-1914 (New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1980), p. 208; for Thomson, see J. B. Morrell, "The Chemist Breeders: The Research Schools of Liebig and Thomas Thomson," Ambix , 19 (1972), 1-46 (on p. 44); for Kekulé, see Richard Anschütz, August Kekulé (Berlin: Verlag Chemie, 1929), 1 , 151n.; for Liebig at Giessen, see J. Volhard, Justus von Liebig (Leipzig: Barth, 1909), 1 , 80; for Horsford, see Rossiter, Agricultural Science , p. 81; for Hofmann and for Liebig at Munich, see Brock, LHB , pp. 13 and 136.

35. Meinel, Chemie , pp. 51-61 and 438-444; HSA, 305n ., Nr. 1045; Kolbe to Kurhessisches Ministerium des Innern (KMI), 29 October 1853, HSA, 16. VI, K1. 13, Nr. 4, Bd. I; Kolbe to KMI, 3 August 1854, 8 September 1855, and 12 September 1860, ibid., Bd. II.

36. In 1842 Liebig was charging his two-days-a-week Praktikanten 13 florins and his full-time advanced Praktikanten 39 florins per semester: William Gregory, Letter to the Right Honourable George, Earl of Aberdeen . . . on the State of the Schools of Chemistry in the United Kingdom (London: Taylor & Walton, 1842), p. 22. The latter figure was equivalent to about 23 thalers per semester, thirty-five percent more than Kolbe's fee of 17 thalers during the following decade. The Grand Duchy's government paid for fuel and replacement apparatus; Liebig's fee may, however, have included supplies. His lab budget was 1900 florins after 1843 (equivalent to 1100 thalers). Lab budgets in some Prussian universities are given in Turner, "Institute-Building," pp. 153-155. For costs in England and the United States, see Morrell, "Chemist Breeders," p. 18n., and Rossiter, Agricultural Science , n. 13.

37. Meinel, Chemie , p. 84; Turner, "Liebig," p. 154.

38. Meinel, Chemie , pp. 60-63.

39. Meinel names the philosopher Th. Waltz (ibid., p. 50); Ernst von Meyer identifies a few more (Meyer, HK, pp. 463-464).

40. Grete Ronge, "Hermann Kolbe," Neue deutsche Biographie , 12 (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1980), 447.

41. Kolbe to Vieweg, 12 March 1853, VA 50.

42. Kolbe to Vieweg, 25 March 1853, VA 51; Kolbe to Varrentrapp, 11 March 1875, VA 326.

43. Kolbe to Vieweg, 28 April and 22 June 1853, VA 52 and 53.

44. Kolbe to Vieweg, 24 January 1853, 25 March 1853, and 14 February 1859, VA 48, 51, and 149.

45. Ernst von Meyer, Lebenserinnerungen (n.p., n.d., ca. 1918), pp. 30 and 97.

46. Kolbe to Vieweg, 18 December 1855 to 9 March 1856, VA 112-115; 13 September 1861 to 21 July 1862, VA 176-184; and 30 March to 23 December 1865, VA 222 to 238.

47. Kolbe to Vieweg, 8 May 1854, VA 78.

48. Guthrie to Roscoe, 5 August 1854, Roscoe Collection.

49. Kolbe to Eduard Vieweg, 14 February 1854 and 20 October 1855; Kolbe to Heinrich Vieweg, 20 October 1855, VA 68, 109, and 110.

50. Kolbe to Vieweg, 20 February 1857, VA 123.

51. Kolbe to Vieweg, 12 July and 4 August 1858, 11 July 1860, 9 April 1863, 20 March 1865, and 5 March 1868, VA 140, 141, 171, 189, 222, and 253; Kolbe to Varrentrapp, 1 January 1874, VA 316; printed announcement of Kolbe's death, with family members' names, 26 November 1884, Frankland Archive 01.04.1527.

52. Kolbe to Vieweg, 5 June 1865, VA 227. He said he and his wife had for years not partaken of the "gesellschaftlichen Strudel" in Marburg.

53. Kolbe to Vieweg, 24 October 1859, VA 153.

54. For example, Kolbe to Vieweg, 5 June and 15 September 1865, VA 227 and 235.

55. Lockemann, HK, p. 125; Frankland, reminiscences of Kolbe sent to Hermann Ost on 20 December 1884, SSDM 3576.

56. Kolbe to Vieweg, 19 December 1853, 20 March 1854, 6 and 19 January and 14 March 1855, VA 62, 70, 95, 96, and 98.

57. Kolbe to Vieweg, 23 December 1855, VA 113.

58. Kolbe to Frankland, 4 April 1871, Frankland Archive 01.03.596; Kolbe to Bertha Ost, 20 April 1876, SSDM 6799.

59. Kolbe to Vieweg, 24 March 1857, VA 125.

60. Kolbe to Vieweg, 12 April to 26 May 1857, VA 126 to 129.

61. Kolbe to Vieweg, 17 June and 31 August 1857, VA 130 and 132.

62. Kolbe to Vieweg, 20 December 1857 and 15 February to 23 June 1858, VA 134 and 136 to 139.

63. Kolbe to Vieweg, 8 July 1861 and 15 July to 5 August 1861, VA 170 and 172 to 174.

64. Kolbe to Vieweg, 24 October 1859, VA 153.

65. Kolbe to Vieweg, 3 and 9 April 1860, VA 156 and 157; Kolbe to Liebig, 16 April 1860, Liebigiana IIB, no. 5.

66. Kolbe to Vieweg, 15 October 1859 and 22 October 1860, VA 152 and 161.

67. Kolbe to Vieweg, 16 October 1860, VA 160.

68. Kolbe to Vieweg, 8 and 15 July 1861, VA 170 and 172.

69. Kolbe to Vieweg, 8 April 1862, VA 180.

70. For example, Kolbe to Varrentrapp, 10 October 1872 and 3 August 1873, VA 292 and 312.

71. Meinel, Chemie , pp. 83-119, 470-472, 480-486, and 524-528.

72. Guthrie to Roscoe, 5 August 1854, Roscoe Collection.

73. Kolbe to Vieweg, 16 July 1855, VA 106; W. H. Brock, H. E. Armstrong and the Teaching of Science (New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1973), pp. 60 and 64.

74. Graebe to his parents, 9 and 20 May 1862, SSDM 1933-78/17. The second of these passages is cited in Elisabeth Vaupel, Carl Graebe (1841-1927): Leben, Werk und Wirken (Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Munich, 1987), pp. 29 and 32.

75. D. Vorländer, "Jacob Volhard," Berichte , 45 (1912), 1855-1902 (on p. 1865).

76. Armstrong later reminisced (more than once) that he arrived in Leipzig in 1868. This appears to have been a trick of memory, for there is no question that he traveled to Leipzig a year earlier.

77. H. E. Armstrong, "The Doctrine of Atomic Valency," Nature , 125 (1930), 807-810 (on p. 808-809); idem, "The Riddle of Benzene: August Kekulé," Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry , 48 (1929), 914-918 (on pp. 914-915); and idem, "Persönliche Erinnerungen und Gedanken," Chemiker-Zeitung , 51 (1927), 114-116.

78. Meyer, "Kolbe," p. 464; idem, Lebenserinnerungen , p. 120.

79. Ost, HK, p. 133.

80. At Göttingen Kolbe took courses in physics, mineralogy & geology, mathematics, and metaphysics. At Leipzig, Ernst von Meyer, a man of admittedly much broader interests than his mentor, took physics, mineralogy & crystallography, zoology, logic, political economy, political history, and the history of art and literature over the course of three semesters before concentrating exclusively on chemistry. See chap. 2 and Meyer, Lebenserinnerungen , pp. 28-29.

81. The following discussion is based on Kolbe's report (8 October 1863) to the Marburg University Senate on the activities of the Chemical Institute, in HSA, 305a . A IV, c.

82. Cf. Emil Erlenmeyer's pedagogical goals, namely, to teach students to "chemisch denken lernen" and "die chemische Sprache lesen und schreiben lernen"; see Die Aufgabe des chemischen Unterrichts (Munich: Königliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1871), esp. pp. 11-17. For a detailed case study from the history of physics, see Kathryn Olesko, Physics as a Calling: Discipline and Practice in the Königsberg Seminar for Physics (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Univ. Press, 1991).

83. For which, see especially Michael Polanyi, Personal Knowledge (London: Routledge, 1958), and J. R. Ravetz, Scientific Knowledge and its Social Problems (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971).

84. Harold Hartley, quoting Armstrong without reference, in Studies in the History of Chemistry (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971), pp. 219-220.

85. A. F. Plate, G. V. Bykov, and M. S. Eventova, Vladimir Vasil'evich Markovnikov: ocherk zhizni i deiatel'nosti, 1837-1904 (Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1962), p. 30, quoting from a letter from Markovnikov to Butlerov with no date cited. The translation is that of H. M. Leicester, ''Controversies on Chemical Structure from 1860 to 1870," in O. T. Benfey, ed., Kekulé Centennial (Washington: American Chemical Society, 1966), pp. 13-23 (on p. 21).

86. A. Crum Brown to Frankland, 5 June 1866, Frankland Archive 01.04.1266.

87. Kolbe, Laboratorium der Universität Leipzig , p. xlviii.

88. Liebig to Vieweg, 28 March 1855, in Margarethe and Wolfgang Schneider, eds., Justus Liebig: Briefe an Vieweg (Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1986), p. 288.

89. Kolbe to Vieweg, 31 August 1857, VA 132.

90. Liebig, trans. C. Gerhardt, Traité de chimie organique , 3 vols. (Paris, 1841-1844); Karl Löwig, Chemie der organischen Verbindungen , 2d ed., 2 vols. (Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1845-1847); J. E. Schlossberger, Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie , 2d ed. (Stuttgart: Müller, 1852); V. Regnault, ed. A. Strecker, Kurzes Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie (Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1851); 2d ed., 1853. The latter is essentially a rewrite by Strecker of Regnault's French original.

91. Kolbe to Vieweg, 24 January 1853, VA 48.

92. Kolbe to Vieweg, 12 February and 12 March 1853, VA 49 and 50.

93. Gregory-Gerding's organische Chemie (Braunschweig: Schwetschke, 1854), from Gregory's Outlines of Organic Chemistry , 3d ed. (London, 1852).

94. Kolbe to Vieweg, [16 October 1853], VA 59; undated, but letter no. 60 (17 October 1853) mentions this letter as having been written "yesterday." C. Gerhardt, trans. R. Wagner, Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie (Leipzig, 1854-1855).

95. Ibid.

94. Kolbe to Vieweg, [16 October 1853], VA 59; undated, but letter no. 60 (17 October 1853) mentions this letter as having been written "yesterday." C. Gerhardt, trans. R. Wagner, Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie (Leipzig, 1854-1855).

95. Ibid.

96. Kolbe to Vieweg, 6 January 1854, VA 63. An even more direct statement to this effect is in Kolbe to Vieweg, 21 November 1853, VA 61.

97. Kolbe to Vieweg, 1 March 1853 [sic for 1854], VA 69 (quoted passage); 24 and 27 April 1854, VA 75 and 76. Kolbe received his first reaction to the published installment by the end of June: Kolbe to Vieweg, 1 July 1854, VA 80.

98. Kolbe to Vieweg, 4 April 1854, VA 71; Kolbe, Lehrbuch , pp. v-vii.

99. Kolbe to Vieweg, 18 April 1854, VA 74.

100. Kolbe to Vieweg, 24 and 27 April 1854, VA 75 and 76.

101. Kolbe to Vieweg, 1 July 1854, 12 and 23 August 1854, and 5 February 1855, VA 80, 82, 83, and 97.

102. Kolbe to Vieweg, 15 May 1854, VA 79.

103. Kolbe to Vieweg, 5 February 1855, VA 97.

104. Kolbe to Vieweg, 1 June 1856 and 4 August 1858, VA 119 and 141.

105. Kolbe to Heinrich Vieweg, 11 December 1879, VA 447. In this letter

he actually named a second "French" book as well, the Strecker-Regnault text, but as this was a complete rewrite by Strecker of the original, it can hardly be considered French.

106. Kolbe to Vieweg, 1 July 1854 and 6 January 1855, VA 80 and 95; Liebig to Vieweg, 28 March 1855, in Margarete and Wolfgang Schneider, eds., Briefe an Vieweg , p. 288.