B

Bahamas, the, 220 n4

Balada, Don Juan, 133 -34

Baltasar, Don, 21 , 28 -29, 30 , 34

Baltasara, Doña, 12 , 21

Banditry, 16 , 62 , 85 , 88 , 89 , 90 -91, 93 , 94 , 111

Baquíjano, Dr., 187

Baraona, María, 110

Barracones , 10 , 33 , 99

Barranca, Peru, 53

Barrionuevo, Antonio, 89

Barrios, slave population of, 39 -40

Bartola, Micaela, 124

Basurco, Don Josef, 176

Beaterio , 162 , 163 , 164 , 181

Bellsvista, Peru, 113

Biejo sugar mill, 89

Bittar, Don Manuel, 156

Blacks, 6 , 14 , 98 , 180 ;

creation of culture of, 199 -200;

hierarchies among, 33 -35, 98 -99, 100 , 102 -6, 201 , 202 , 232 n3;

lack of economic opportunity, 196 -97;

marginalization of, 213 -14;

as percentage of total population, 97 -98;

prejudice against, after abolition, 194 -96;

racial identity of, 99 -100;

segregation of, 98 ;

social networks of, 19 , 33 ;

social organizations of, 100 -105.

See also Free blacks; Slaves

Blanchard, Peter, 194

Bocanegra hacienda, 19 , 82 -83, 89 , 114

Bocanegra parish, 225 n9

Bolívar, Gen. Simón, 3

Bourbon crisis, 220 n1

Bourbon reforms, 2

Bowser, Frederick P., 8 , 110 , 220 n4, 231 n72, 233 n10, 242 n3

Bozales : in black hierarchy, 99 , 100 , 105 ;

earning capacity of, 113 , 114 , 116 -17;

importation of, 9 , 10 , 99 ;

racial identity of, 100

Brabón hacienda, 43 , 47

Branding of slaves, 99

Brazil: abolition of slavery in, 222 n13;

hiring-out system of, 210 , 243 nn8,9;

mobility of slaves in, 229 n36;

production

Brazil (continued)

relations in, 68 , 209 ;

slavery in, 220 n4, 221 n8, 243 n7, 244 n15

Bread production, sabotage of, 191 , 241 n35

Breña, María del Carmen, 118 -19

British slave owners, 168 , 169

Brokers, slave, 177 -79

Buena Muerte convent: protests of slaves at, 59 -62, 61 , 62 , 63 ;

religious turmoil at, 228 n28

Buena Muerte hacienda, 10 , 20

Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1 , 37 ,;

hiring-out system of, 209 ;

manumission rates in, 92 , 139 ;

slave traffic through, 221 n3

Bujanda, Col. Miguel Angel, 240 n20