1. Ross, Aristotle , 253. [BACK]

2. Politics , 247, n. 1. [BACK]

3. Politiques , 209. For a previous reference to medieval concepts of the body politic, see Ch. 18 above at n. 16.

4. Ibid., 202.

5. Ibid., 203.

6. Ibid., 368 and 373.

7. Ibid., 371.

8. See the entry under Sedition in ibid., 373. break [BACK]

3. Politiques , 209. For a previous reference to medieval concepts of the body politic, see Ch. 18 above at n. 16.

4. Ibid., 202.

5. Ibid., 203.

6. Ibid., 368 and 373.

7. Ibid., 371.

8. See the entry under Sedition in ibid., 373. break [BACK]

3. Politiques , 209. For a previous reference to medieval concepts of the body politic, see Ch. 18 above at n. 16.

4. Ibid., 202.

5. Ibid., 203.

6. Ibid., 368 and 373.

7. Ibid., 371.

8. See the entry under Sedition in ibid., 373. break [BACK]

3. Politiques , 209. For a previous reference to medieval concepts of the body politic, see Ch. 18 above at n. 16.

4. Ibid., 202.

5. Ibid., 203.

6. Ibid., 368 and 373.

7. Ibid., 371.

8. See the entry under Sedition in ibid., 373. break [BACK]

3. Politiques , 209. For a previous reference to medieval concepts of the body politic, see Ch. 18 above at n. 16.

4. Ibid., 202.

5. Ibid., 203.

6. Ibid., 368 and 373.

7. Ibid., 371.

8. See the entry under Sedition in ibid., 373. break [BACK]

3. Politiques , 209. For a previous reference to medieval concepts of the body politic, see Ch. 18 above at n. 16.

4. Ibid., 202.

5. Ibid., 203.

6. Ibid., 368 and 373.

7. Ibid., 371.

8. See the entry under Sedition in ibid., 373. break [BACK]

9. Garnier, Le langage de l'image , vol. 2, 152-54.

10. Ibid., vol. 1, 142-46. For the significance of frontal versus profile views, the author cites Schapiro, Words and Pictures , 37-49. [BACK]

9. Garnier, Le langage de l'image , vol. 2, 152-54.

10. Ibid., vol. 1, 142-46. For the significance of frontal versus profile views, the author cites Schapiro, Words and Pictures , 37-49. [BACK]

11. For a definition of synecdoche as "a substitution of two terms for each other according to a relation of greater or less extension," see the entry for "Metaphor" in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Semiotics , ed. Thomas A. Sebeok (Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1986), vol. 1, 535. [BACK]

12. The latter subject is discussed separately, however, in Ch. 23 of the Politiques , 239-40; the former, in Ch. 24, 240-41.

13. Ibid., 235-36.

14. Ibid., 241. [BACK]

12. The latter subject is discussed separately, however, in Ch. 23 of the Politiques , 239-40; the former, in Ch. 24, 240-41.

13. Ibid., 235-36.

14. Ibid., 241. [BACK]

12. The latter subject is discussed separately, however, in Ch. 23 of the Politiques , 239-40; the former, in Ch. 24, 240-41.

13. Ibid., 235-36.

14. Ibid., 241. [BACK]

15. For the fur strips, see Sherman, Portraits , 19, n. 13. [BACK]

16. Politiques , 240. [BACK]

17. For a discussion of Charles the Bad, his family, and the motives for his conduct, see Delachenal, Histoire de Charles V , vol. 1, 73-81, and Cazelles, Etienne Marcel , chs. 21, 22, and 25. [BACK]

18. For a detailed account of these years, see Delachenal, Histoire de Charles V , vol. 1, 282-470, and Cazelles, Société politique , 229-385. [BACK]

19. Politiques , 371. [BACK]

20. For an example, see Richard Brilliant, Roman Art from the Republic to Constantine (London: Phaidon Press, 1974), fig. II.46a-b. [BACK]

21. Politiques , 236 and 240; Aristotle, Rhetoric , II.4 1382a 31. [BACK]