C
Cajetan, Cardinal, 387
Calvin, John, 182 ;
and Antoine de Bourbon, 249 ;
burning of works, 211 ;
and conversion of nobility, 239 ;
at Geneva, 204 ;
and Guillaume Farel, 173 , 193 ;
Institutes of the Christian Religion , 172 , 210 ;
legal education of, 473 ;
on Nicodemites, 166 -67;
on reformed churches, 214
effect of Edict of July on, 256 ;
growth in France, 228 ;
under Henri II, 214 ;
regional, 261 ;
in Scotland, 227
Capet, Hugh, 406 n
defense of Parlement, 74 -75
Carolingian family, 162
Castelli, Giambattista (bishop of Rimini), 346 , 347 , 349
Castres, Protestant assemblies in, 262
Catherine de Médicis:
advisers of, 242 , 243 , 250 ;
aid to André Guillart, 313 ;
aid to duc de Nevers, 341 ;
ban on preaching, 308 ;
convocation of assembly at St-Germain, 262 -63;
convocation of pourparler de Paris , 255 -56;
court of, 126 -27;
in Day of the Barricades, 359 , 362 n;
death of, 278 ;
and Diane de Poitiers, 238 ;
and
duc de Guise, 363 ;
ecclesiastical reform proposals of, 299 -30;
edict of April 19 (1561), 251 -54;
factions in court of, 84 , 186 , 250 , 275 ;
and Fontainebleau council, 242 , 307 ;
marriage to Henri II, 205 ;
negotiations with Condè, 271 , 277 -78, 283 ;
opposition to Guise faction, 242 ;
and Pacification of Amboise, 286 ;
parlementaire commission to, 267 -68, 269 ;
patronage of André Guillart, 18 ;
patronage of Du Vair family, 37 ;
patronage of L'Hôpital, 240 ;
patronage of Louis Le Caron, 32 ;
patronage of Paul de Foix, 245 ;
patronage of René Baillet, 16 ;
on Protestant right of assembly, 258 -59;
Protestants serving, 232 ;
and publication of Edict of January, 267 ;
regency of, 176 , 223 , 243 -44;
relations with Parlement, 176 , 223 , 244 , 277 , 289 ;
relations with Philip II, 302 -3;
religious toleration policy of, 23 , 175 , 240 , 249 -58, 275 -76, 287 , 300 , 309 , 326 ;
service of Italians to, 43 -44, 322 ;
tour de France , 307 -8
Catholic Church:
challenges to tradition of, 172 -75;
influence on French culture, 162 -64;
primitive, 165 , 170 , 230 , 247 ;
role in French nationalism, 162 ;
role of lawyers in, 474
Catholic Church, Gallican:
administrative autonomy of, 67 , 88 ;
challenges to tradition of, 172 -75;
effect of Council of Trent on, 183 , 184 , 222 , 228 , 299 , 300 -301, 304 , 369 ;
response to Counter-Reformation, 346 -52;
threat of League to, 175 . See also Gallicanism
Catholicity, law of, 62
Celibacy, 124 ;
Lutheran attacks on, 189 ;
royal dispensation from, 81
Ceremonies, of ancien regime, 52 ;
paraphernalia of, 72 ;
processions, 75 -76
Châlons: merchants of, 130 .
See also Parlement of Châlons
Chambon, Eustache, 252 , 265 , 267 n;
in negotiations with Condé, 280
Chambon, Jacquelot, 265
Chambre Ardente, 214 -19;
constitutionality of, 183 , 211 ;
establishment of, 19 , 49 , 182 , 214 -15;
parlementaire opposition to, 221 -22;
reaction to, 219 -22;
termination of, 177 , 222 , 225 ;
Chambre de Justice (Guyenne), 30
Chambre des Comptes, 241 , 345 ;
marriage ties in, 120 ;
Pasquier in, 27 ;
reinstatement by Henri IV, 435 ;
support of Henri IV, 400
Chambre des Luthériens, 221
Chambre des Monnaies, 28
Chambre des Requêtes, François I's additions to, 41
Chambres des Enquêtes:
clerics in, 81 ;
creation of, 10 ;
François I's additions to, 41 ;
protest to Henri III, 209 ;
in succession debates, 407 -9
Chambres mi-parties , 118 , 260 n, 324 ;
Jacques II Cappel in, 480
Champagne, parlementaires from, 42
Chantonnay, Perrenot de, 254 , 255 n;
on Jeanne d'Albret, 256 ;
recall to Spain, 302 -3;
on religious unrest, 270
Charity, prohibitions against, 133
Charles, cardinal de Bourbon, 231 -32, 270 ;
in assembly of St-Germain, 263 ;
declaration as king, 386 ;
and Henri IV, 395 -96;
and Pacification of Amboise, 285 ;
support of Henri III's edicts, 345
Charles, cardinal de Lorraine, 227 ;
at Council of Trent, 299 ;
and Diane de Poitiers, 220 ;
on heresy, 213 ;
leadership of Guise faction, 231 ;
patronage of Christophe de Thou, 23 ;
patronage of L'Hôpital, 301 ;
pressure on Parlement, 230 ;
role in Edict of July, 292 , 293 ;
in Satyre Ménippée , 428 ;
on Trent decrees, 301
Charles V (Holy Roman emperor):
abdication of, 226 ;
capture of Burgundy, 199 ;
capture of Pope Clement, 201 ;
and François I, 10 , 17 , 92 , 182 , 205 ;
war with Henri II, 223
Charles VI (king of France), 75
Charles VII (king of France), expansion of royal domain, 43
Charles VIII (king of France):
entry into Paris, 76 ;
Parlement under, 8
Charles IX (king of France):
conflict with Henri III, 321 ;
conflict with Parlement, 318 -20;
coronation of, 255 ;
and Council of Trent, 301 ;
and Edict of January, 266 ;
edicts of pacification, 32 ;
entry into Paris, 76 ;
fiscal edicts of, 342 n;
majority struggle of, 23 n, 87 , 243 n, 294 n, 295 -98, 300 , 311 ;
and Massacre of St. Bartrolo-
Charles IX (continued )
minority of, 84 -85, 243 , 249 ;
visit to Parlement, 294 -95
Charles de Bourbon (constable of France):
in Sack of Rome, 201 ;
Thibault Baillet's opposition to, 77
Charron, Pierre, 111
Chartier, Matthieu, 38 , 137 , 392 ;
as "unreliable," 290
Chartres, Henri IV's siege of, 389
Chasseneuz, Barthélemy, 64 , 99
Châtelet, procureurs of, 342 -43
Châtillon, Odet Coligny (cardinal de). See Coligny, Odet (cardinal de Châtillon)
Châtillon faction, 18 , 231 , 274
Chevalier, Nicolas, 218
Cheverny, Philippe Hurault de, 56 , 344 ;
dismissal of, 367 ;
on Henri III, 372
Children, parlementaire attitudes toward, 122
Choppin, René, 33
Chrétien, Florent, 428 n
Church, French. See Catholic Church, Gallican
Church, William F., 60 , 61 , 64 ;
on monarchy, 66 ;
on role of law, 94
Cicero, Marcus Tullius:
admiration for, 110 , 111 , 471
Bureau de Ville in, 283 ;
division of parlementaires during, 288 ;
in Midi, 283 ;
military events of, 282 ;
outbreak of, 226 ;
peace negotiations for, 284 .
See also Pacification of Amboise
———, Second: Condé in, 313
———, Third: Huguenot strength in, 315 , 320 ;
leadership of, 315 ;
Odet de Coligny in, 231 n, 315
———, Fourth, 321
———, Fifth, 323 ;
capture of towns in, 324
Civil Wars, politiques during, 328 .
See also Wars of Religion
Clark, Henry, 472
Class: effect on political alignment, 419 ;
importance in robin society, 129 ;
in Paris League, 340 ;
role in religious differences, 228 , 262
Classical literature:
book collections of, 99 -100;
in history of Gaillard, 113 ;
in L'Estoile's library, 103 n;
Clemency, of parlementaires, 147 -48, 217
Clément, Jacques, 380
Clement VII (pope):
capture by Charles V, 200 ;
and marriage of Catherine de Médicis, 205
Clement VIII (pope):
and absolution of Henri IV, 414 -15, 441 -43, 451 ;
promulgation of Trent decrees, 451 , 454
Clerics: humanism of, 95 ;
lay jurisdiction over, 460 ;
libraries of, 99 ;
marriage of, 299 ;
in Mémoires-Journaux , 350 , 351 ;
in Parlement, 15 , 35 , 41 , 47 -48, 57 , 80 -81.
See also Curés, Parisian; Preachers
Clientage:
modification of, 274 ;
of parlementaires, 121 , 229 , 462 ;
stereotypes of, 23 n
Clutin, Henri de (sieur d'Oysel), 301
Clutin, Pierre, 197
Cocquelay, Lazare, 446 , 448 , 449 n
Coeur, Jacques, 44
Coin collections, 102
Coligny, Gaspard de (Admiral), 232 ;
assassination of, 317 ;
conversion of, 250 ;
at Fontainebleau council, 242 ;
at pourparler de Paris , 256 ;
in Third Civil War, 315
Coligny, Odet (cardinal de Châtillon), 231 , 255 , 292 ;
conversion of, 250 -51;
death of, 316 ;
at Fontainebleau council, 242 ;
mission to England, 316 n;
in Third Civil War, 231 n, 315
College of Cardinals, liberal faction of, 182 , 183 , 205 , 210
Colloquy of Marburg (1529), 204
Colloquy of Poissy (1561), 257 , 276 , 293
Commolet, 404
Commynes, Philippe de, 43 , 113
Conciergerie (Paris):
detainment in, 148 ;
registers of prisoners, 313
Concordat of Bologna (1516), 10 ;
benefices under, 178 ;
copies of, 99 ;
ecclesiastical office under, 47 ;
effect on Gallicanism, 89 ;
Guillart's role in, 14 ;
Louise de Savoie's opposition to, 72 ;
parlementaire opposition to, 12 , 20 n, 67 , 90 , 137 , 164 , 176 , 177 -80, 195 , 319 , 476 -77;
and Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, 178 ;
registration of, 177 , 178 , 179 , 477 ;
Seyssel's role in, 15
Condé, Éléonore Roye (princess de), 284
Condé, Henri de. See Henri de Condé
Condé, Louis (prince de), 255 ;
in Conseil Privé, 250 ;
and Conspiracy of Amboise, 275 , 476 ;
and conversion of nobility, 239 ;
followers m Picardy, 274 ;
leadership of Protestants, 249 , 250 ;
negotiations with Triumvirate, 279 -80;
negotiations with Catherine de Médicis, 271 , 277 -78, 283 ;
Parisian supporters of, 270 ;
relations with Parlement, 276 , 278 -82, 284 ;
release of, 276 ;
in Second Civil War, 313 ;
seizure of Orleans, 271 ;
sentence of, 249 ;
trial of, 16 , 21 , 243 , 275 -76
Confession of Augsburg (1530), 204 , 371
Conseil du Roi:
on Council of Trent, 301 ;
and majority of Charles IX, 297 ;
in negotiations with Condé, 278 ;
Parlement's opposition to, 221 ;
role in Edict of July, 278
Conseillers:
backgrounds of, 42 ;
clerical duties of, 81 ;
in Edict of Nantes debate, 448 n;
Harlay on, 143 ;
increase in numbers, 155 ;
salaries of, 50
Conseillers de ville, clerics among, 57
Conseil Privé André Guillart on, 17 ;
in assembly of St-Germain, 263 ;
Conspiracy of Amboise, 18 , 239 , 240 , 242 , 326 ;
Bourbon complicity in, 243 , 275 , 476
Constitutionalism, French, 59 -60;
Diefendorf on, 321 ;
L'Hôpital's stance on, 311 -12;
Parlement's championship of, 60 -61, 74 , 79 , 257 , 275 , 296 , 298 , 318 -19, 406 ;
Pasquier on, 65 ;
pragmatic views on, 472 ;
praticien-parlementaire views on, 469 ;
resurgence under François I, 64 ;
threat of religious toleration to, 477 , 481
Contarini, Gasparo (cardinal), 206 , 210
Controversial literature, religious, 103 -4
Cop, Nicolas, 204
Coquille, Guy, 31 ;
L'Institution du droit français , 154
Coras, Jean de, 286
Corporatism, French, 67 , 77 -80;
in customary law, 79 ;
Parlement's role in, 80 ;
Pasquier's interest in, 79
Corruption:
in history of Gaillard, 114 ;
Loisel on, 136 -37;
in Mémoires-Journaux , 145 ;
in Parlement, 143 ;
and venality, 114
Council of Trent, 90 ;
on ecclesiastical jurisdiction, 298 -99, 305 ;
effect on Gallican liberties, 183 , 184 , 222 , 228 , 299 -301, 304 , 369 ;
final sessions (1562-63), 184 , 298 , 326 ;
Fontainebleau consultations on, 303 -7;
French delegation to, 291 , 299 -301;
national rivalries in, 222 ;
on reformation of princes, 298 , 300 ;
second session of, 183 ;
third session of, 299 .
See also Trent decrees
Counter-Reformation, 1 ;
challenge to parlementaire values, 174 -75;
condemnation of French bishops, 90 ;
effect on law and order, 145 ;
Gallican response to, 346 -52, 478 ;
Guise-Lorraine support of, 352 ;
liberal phase of, 205 ;
Pasquier on, 115 .
See also Council of Trent; Trent decrees
Country life, 150 ;
L'Estoile on, 152 ;
romanticization of, 151
Couperie, Pierre, 149
Cour des Aides, Pierre (I) Séguier in, 20
Cour des Monnaies, 466 , 467 , 468
Cousinet (lawyer), book collection of, 99
La coutume. See Customary law
Crespin, Jean, 234 n
Crime:
parlementaire attitude toward, 144 -49;
remission by monarchy, 148
Crisis generation (of Parlement), 12 ;
Christophe de Thou's leadership of, 19 , 22 -23, 25 , 104 , 183 , 224 , 320 ;
divisions in, 226 -19;
leadership of, 19 ;
Loisel's role in, 30 ;
religious opinion in, 244 -48, 479 ;
struggle over jurisdictions, 84 -87
Croesus (Athenian), 354
Crusades, 116 ;
French leadership of, 163
Cujas, Jacques, 27 , 30 , 31 , 96
Culture, French:
effect of Roman Catholicism on, 162 -64
Cummings, Mark, 34 -35, 36 , 82 n, 109 n;
on career patterns in Parlement, 81 , 439 , 462 , 469 , 472 ;
on parlementaire status, 155 n
Curés, Parisian, 422 ;
attacks on Brisson, 390 ;
attacks on Henri IV, 399 , 410 ;
attacks on Parlement, 349 -50, 409 ;
on Estates of the League, 404 ;
exaltation of papacy, 394 ;
J.-A. de Thou on, 354 -55;
Mayenne's leniency toward, 390 .
See also Clerics; Preachers
Customary law:
codification of, 48 ;
contrast
Customary law (continued )
with Roman law, 65 ;
de Thou's work on, 24 ;
importance to constitutionalism, 79 ;
Le Caron's work on, 32 ;
parlementaire interest in, 105 ;
property in, 52 -53;
redaction of, 24 , 48 , 66 , 80 ;
respect of monarchy for, 66 ;
special commissions on, 48 ;
synthesis with fundamental law, 481 .
See also Fundamental law
Customary law, Parisian:
corporatist principles of, 79 ;
preeminence of, 65 -66