P

Padma, 104

Pakistan, 179 , 197 n14

Parables, interpretation of, 211 -14, 216 n10

Paradise Lost (Milton), 152 , 154 n24

Parasuram, 238 -39, 253 n13

Parthasarathy, R., 142

Parvati, 123 , 126 , 156

Patel, Geeta, 87 n29

Patriarchy See Male dominance

Paumacariya , 34 -35, 43 , 190

Payara poetry, 154 n24

Performance: and antibrahmanical satire, 193 -94, 198 n22;

and audience participation, 156 , 170 , 219 , 221 ;

and Kampan's Iramavataram , 113 n29;

of Ramakien , 57 , 59 ;

of Ram Lila, 19 n19, 153 n20;

in rasik tradition, 219 , 221 , 222 ;

in Thai culture, 57 , 59 ;

and Tulsidas's Ramcaritmanas , 218 , 219 , 236 -37.

See also Dance; Festivals; Plays; Rituals

Phra Lak/Phra Lam , 53 -55, 59 , 62 nn15-17, 63 n24

Pilgrimage, 35 , 218 , 220 , 226

Pilgrim's Progress (Bunyan), 211

Plays: and antibrahmanical satire, 193 -94, 198 n22;

Bengali, 141 , kolatam , 130 , 132 ;

and multiplicity of Ramayanas , 24 ;

puppet, 24 , 158 ;

shadow, 24 , 158 , 171 n6;

in Thai culture, 37

See also Dialogue; Kerala shadow puppet play

Poetry: Bengali, 140 -42, 150 -51,154 n24;

English, 139 -42, and iconography, 222 ;

love, 101 -2, 109 -10, 112 n20;

modern, 81 , 139 -41;

in rasik tradition, 222 -23, 225 ;

Tamil, 8 , 18 n15, 43 , 90 , 101 -2, 110 , 112 n20;

Virasaiva, 189 . See also Prosody

Politics. antibrahmanical, 175 , 177 -78, 179 , 188 , 189 -91, 197 n11;

and critique of caste, 176 -78, 179 -80, 189 ;

and egalitarianism, 179 , 181 , 189 ;

and Hindu-Muslim relations, 229 ;

E. V. Ramasami and, 175 -81,188 -89, 191 -95, 196 n2, 197 n14;

and rasik tradition, 227 -28, 229 ;

and social reform, 175 , 177 , 179 ;

of televised Ramayana , 4

See also Ramasami, E. V., exegesis of Ramayana by

Pollock, Sheldon, 19 n20, 85 n8, 86 nn10, 13

P'ommachak , 61 nn10, 13

Ponemballem Pillai, T., 191

Pramila, 144 -45, 147 , 148

Prapatti , 203 , 207 , 215 n5

Prasad Sen, Ram, 147

Prayagdas, 226 -27

Priam, 138

Primordialism, 198 n16

Print, 176 , 180 -81

Prosody of Dutt's MeghanadavadhaKavya , 154 n24;

of Kampan's Iramavataram , 73 , 107 ;

of payara verse, 154 n24;

of Ramnami scriptures, 241 , 254 n19;

of Valmiki's Ramayana , 40

Psychoanalysis, 18 n14

Pujas , 36 , 143 , 146 -48, 157

Puppet plays, 9 , 24 , 158 .

See also Kerala shadow puppet play

Puranas , 24 , 75 , 189 , 197 n12, 202 -3, 205 , 230 , 235 , 237 , 247

Purnalingam Pillai, M. S., 191

Purusa, 93 , 107

Purusottama, 93