| The Mask of Socrates |
| Acknowledgments |
 | I. Introduction: Image, Space, and Social Values |
| • | The Modern Intellectual Hero |
| • | Roman Copies, or Through a Glass Darkly |
| • | Wisdom and Nobility: An Early Portrait of Homer |
| • | Anacreon and Pericles |
| • | Socrates and the Mask of Silenus |
| II. The Intellectual as Good Citizen |
| Statues Honoring the Great Tragedians |
| • | Sophocles: The Political Active Citizen |
| • | Aeschylus: The Face of the Athenian Everyman |
| • | Euripides: The Wise Old Man |
| • | A Revised Portrait of Socrates |
| • | A General in Mufti: Models from the Past |
| • | Plato's Serious Expression: Contemplation as a Civic Virtue? |
| • | Political Upheaval and the End of the Classical Citizen Image: Menander and Demosthenes |
| 1 | | III. The Rigors of Thinking |
| • | Zeno's Furrowed Brow |
| • | Chrysippus, "The Knife That Cuts Through the Academics' Knots" |
| • | The Thinker's Tortured Body |
| • | Chrysippus' Beard |
| • | The "Throne" of Epicurus |
| • | Bodies, Healthy and Unhealthy |
| • | Who Would Honor a Cynic? |
| • | The Philosopher and the King |
| • | Poseidippus: The Hard Work of Writing Poetry |
| 1 | • | Soft Pillows and Softer Poets |
| IV. In the Shadow of the Ancients |
| • | The Old Singer |
| • | A Peasant-Poet |
| • | Invented Faces |
| • | The Cult of Poets |
| • | The Divine Homer |
| • | Hellenistic Kings and Archaic Poets |
| • | The Retrospective Philosopher Portrait: Socrates, Antisthenes, and Diogenes |
| • | The "Gentrification" of the Philosopher Portrait: Carneades and Poseidonius |
| • | The "Intellectualization" of the Citizen Portrait |
| • | Man the Reader: Paradigm for a New Age |
| V. Hadrian's Beard |
| • | The World of Otium and the Gentleman Scholar |
| • | Humble Poets and Rich Dilettantes |
| • | Hadrian's Beard: Fashion and Mentalité |
| • | Apuleius and the Case of the Uncombed Hair |
| • | The Elegant Intellectual |
| • | The Past in the Present: Rituals of Remembrance |
| • | The Long Hair of the Charismatics |
| 1 | | VI. The Cult of Learning Transfigured |
| • | Learned Couples and Their Child Prodigies |
| • | Political Office and the Philosophical Life |
| • | The Educated Man's Search for Inner Peace |
| • | Christ as the Teacher of the True Philosophy |
| • | The Dual Face of Christ |
| • | The Late Antique Philosopher "Look" |
| • | Late Roman Copies: New Faces on Old Friends |
| 1 | • | The Power of the Muses |
| Epilogue Ancient Philosophers and the Modern Intellectual |
| Abbreviations of Frequently Cited Works |
| 2 | | Notes |
| • | I. Introduction: Image, Space, and Social Values |
| • | II. The Intellectual as Good Citizen |
| 1 | • | III. The Rigors of Thinking |
| • | IV. In the Shadow of the Ancients |
| • | V. Hadrian's Beard |
| 1 | • | VI. The Cult of Learning Transfigured |
| Sources of Illustrations |
| Bibliography |
| General Index |
| • | A |
| • | B |
| • | C |
| • | D |
| • | E |
| • | F |
| • | G |
| • | H |
| • | I |
| • | J |
| • | K |
| • | L |
| • | M |
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| • | R |
| • | S |
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| • | W |
| • | X |
| • | Z |
| Index Locorum |
| • | A |
| • | C |
| • | D |
| • | E |
| • | H |
| • | I |
| • | J |
| • | L |
| • | M |
| • | P |
| • | Q |
| • | S |
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| • | V |
| • | X |
| 1 | | Museum Index |
| • | A |
| • | B |
| • | C |
| • | D |
| • | F |
| • | G |
| • | H |
| • | I |
| • | K |
| • | L |
| 1 | • | M |
| • | N |
| • | O |
| • | P |
| • | R |
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| • | T |
| • | V |
| • | W |
