GLOSSARY

AMED : the spirits of the ancestors.

BAKNANG : member of the elite class.

BARANGAY : the village community (the smallest political-territorial unit in the Philippines).

BARCADA : voluntary youth-group.

CHRISPA : a Christian-Pagan "syncretist."

DANGAS : a traditional system of labor mobilization based on the payment of meat and alcohol "wages."

GAMBANG : traditional copper pots; also refers to copper itself.

KALASAN : the high-elevation cloud forest dominated by oak.

MANBUNUNG : a Pagan priest.

MANKOTOM : a Pagan spiritual advisor (Paganism's foremost apologist).

OGBO : traditional labor exchange.

PASTOL : the arrangement under which a poor man raises the cattle of a rich man in exchange for a share; alternatively, the cattle caretaker himself.

PEDIT : the graded prestige feast forming the core ceremony of Buguias Paganism.

PUWAL : a technique used for cultivating grasslands involving the inversion of the sod using iron-tipped bars.

SALDA : the traditional land mortgage system of the Cordillera.

SALENG : the resinous heartwood of the insular pine.

SALIW : a secular feast.

SANGBO : an omen promising economic luck.

TIMUNGAO : a water spirit.

TONG TONGAN : the traditional jury system of Buguias.

UMA : a swidden field.