Credits

The Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, for the photograph of the Porte and Place de France.

Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University, for the photo-graphs of two flâneurs from Les Francais peints par eux-mêmes and the title page of the Physiologie du flaneur.

The Henry Lillie Pierce Fund, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, for the photograph of Gustave Courbet's painting La Curée.

The Houghton Library, Harvard University, for the photograph of the frontispiece of Le Nouveau Paris.

The Library of Congress for the photograph of the frontispiece of Victor Hugo, L 'Année terrible.

The Photothèque des Musées de la Ville de Paris and ARS, New York/ SPADEM, Paris, for the photograph of Victor Hugo.

Special Collections, the Van Pelt-Dietrich Library, the University of Pennsylvania, for the photograph of the destruction of the statue of Louis XIV in the Place Vendôme.

Giraudon / Art Resource, N.Y., for the photographs of Gustave Courbet's portrait of Jules Vallès from the Musée Carnavalet, Paris, and of the Eiffel Tower from the World's Fair of 1889.

Roger-Viollet for the photographs of the Colonne Vendôme and Émile Zola.