1. Lattimore to Piels, February 23, 1981, Piel private papers; Lattimore to author, February 23, 1980.

2. Lattimore to author, August 16, 1980.

3. Ibid.

2. Lattimore to author, August 16, 1980.

3. Ibid.

4. Lattimore to Piels, April 8, 1980, Piel private papers; Lattimore to author, August 16, 1980.

5. Lattimore to Piels, December 25, 1980, Piel private papers.

6. Lattimore to author, October 12, 1981.

7. This and all subsequent references to the 1981 trip are from a telephone conversation with Maria Lattimore, January 10, 1988, and her letter to author, July 10, 1988.

8. Martin, "Lattimore, Disagreeing with U.S. Views, Revisits China at Eighty," Baltimore Sun , July 8, 1981.

9. Ibid.

8. Martin, "Lattimore, Disagreeing with U.S. Views, Revisits China at Eighty," Baltimore Sun , July 8, 1981.

9. Ibid.

10. Lattimore to author, October 12, 1981.

11. Lattimore to Piels, February 9, 1982, Piel private papers.

12. Lattimore to author, August 12, 1983.

13. Lattimore to Nets, August 29, 1982, Net private papers.

14. Spencer, "Scholar Says He Doesn't Mind Loss of Notoriety," Kansas City Times , October 23, 1982.

15. Lattimore to Piels, April 5, 1983, Piel private papers.

16. Lattimore to Piels, August 22, 1983, Piel private papers; Lattimore to author, August 12, 1983.

17. Author interview with David Lattimore, January 25, 1988; Lattimore to author, December 3, 1985.

18. Lattimore to author, April 4, 1986.

19. Association of American Geographers, Newsletter , 1986.

20. Lattimore, "Mongolia as a Leading State," 16-17.

21. Lattimore to author, August 2, 1986.

22. "U.S. and Mongolia in Ceremony Establishing Diplomatic Relations," New York Times , January 28, 1987; Lattimore to author, February 20, 1987.

23. Lattimore to Piels, June 2, 1987, Piel private papers.

24. Lattimore to author, February 6, 1987.

25. Cotton, Asian Frontier Nationalism , 148-49.

26. Watkins, Enough Rope , ix.