Preferred Citation: Uhr, Horst. Lovis Corinth. Berkeley:  University of California Press,  c1990 1990. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft1t1nb1gf/


 
Notes

Two— Indecision and Change

1. Lovis Corinth, Selbstbiographie (Leipzig: Hirzel, 1926), p. 105.

2. Ibid., pp. 105-106.

1. Lovis Corinth, Selbstbiographie (Leipzig: Hirzel, 1926), p. 105.

2. Ibid., pp. 105-106.

3. Werner Doede, Berlin: Kunst und Künstler seit 1870 (Recklinghausen: Bongers, 1961), p. 39.

4. Paul Ortwin Rave, Kunst in Berlin (Berlin: Staneck Verlag, [1965]), p. 162.

5. For the exhibition reviews by Friedrich Pecht, see Die Kunst für Alle 1, no. 18-2, no. 3 (1886). break

6. Pecht, in Die Kunst für Alle 1 (1886): 268.

7. See Georg Voss, "Die Berliner Kunstausstellung," Die Kunst für Alle 2 (1887): 356-359 and 369-371.

8. See Cornelius Gurlitt, Die deutsche Kunst seit 1800: Ihre Ziele und Taten , 4th ed. (Berlin: Georg Bondi, 1924), pp. 419-420.

9. Laforgue's essay, originally intended for translation and publication in a German newspaper, was subsequently published under the title "L'Impressionisme" in Jules Laforgue, Mélanges posthumes , vol. 3 of Oeuvres complètes , 4th ed. (Paris: Mercure, 1902-1903), 133-144. See also Barbara Ehrlich White, Impressionism in Perspective (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, c. 1978), pp. 33-34.

10. Corinth, Selbstbiographie , p. 106.

11. Gert von der Osten, Lovis Corinth , 2d rev. ed. (Munich: Bruckmann, 1959), p. 188. Von der Osten also lists an artist by the name of Rehländer. Herrmann Katsch mentions several additional members: Nicolaus Geiger, Johann Mühlenbruch, and one Kurt Herrmann Zaak. Two architects, one called Eichhorn, the other Höniger, also attended the Abendakt . See Herrmann Katsch, "Meine Erinnerungen an Karl Stauffer-Bern," Die Kunst für Alle 25 (1909): 11-18 and 59-68.

12. Käthe Kollwitz studied with Stauffer-Bern for one year, from 1885 to 1886. Recognizing her innate talent as a graphic artist, Stauffer-Bern encouraged her to develop her drafting, although she herself was at the time still thinking of becoming a painter. Stauffer-Bern introduced Kollwitz to the prints of Max Klinger, whose cycle A Life (1883) made a deep impression on the young woman. Klinger's work was to remain for her a lifelong source of inspiration. See Käthe Kollwitz, Ich will wirken in dieser Zeit , introd. Friedrich Ahlers-Hestermann (Berlin: Mann, 1952), p. 31.

13. See Max Lehrs, Karl Stauffer-Bern , 1857-1891: Ein Verzeichnis seiner Radierungen und Stiche (Dresden: Ernst Arnold, 1907); and Hans Wolfgang Singer, Karl Stauffer-Bern: Die Radierungen und Stiche des Künstlers (Berlin: Amsler und Ruthardt, 1919).

14. Quoted in Georg Jacob Wolf, Karl Stauffer-Bern (Munich: D. und R. Bischoff, 1907), p. 17.

15. Conrad von Mandach, Stauffer-Bern: Handzeichnungen (Landschlacht/Bodensee: Verlag Dr. Carl Hoenn, [1924]), pp. 8-10.

16. Heinrich Weizsäcker, "Karl Stauffer-Bern," Die Kunst unserer Zeit 3 (1892): 55.

17. Lovis Corinth, Gesammelte Schriften (Berlin: Fritz Gurlitt Verlag, 1920), p. 50.

18. Wolf, Karl Stauffer-Bern , p. 50.

19. See Herbert Eulenberg, Lovis Corinth: Ein Maler unserer Zeit (Munich: Delphin, 1917), p. 8; and Paul Eipper, Ateliergespräche mit Liebermann und Corinth , ed. Veronika Eipper (Munich: Piper, 1971), pp. 52-53.

20. The inscription "Paris 1885" on the drawing in Hamburg was added at a later date. The drawing is stylistically incompatible with Corinth's graphic output from the Paris years but entirely in keeping with the drawings he made at Der Nasse Lappen.

21. Corinth, Gesammelte Schriften , p. 15.

22. Lovis Corinth, Das Erlernen der Malerei , 3d ed. (Berlin, 1920; Hildesheim: Gerstenberg, 1979), p. 135.

23. For an excerpt from the review published in the Berliner National Zeitung in February 1888, see Thomas Corinth, ed., Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation (Tübingen: Wasmuth, 1979), p. 36.

24. Charlotte Berend-Corinth, Lovis (Munich: Langen-Georg Müller Verlag, 1958), pp. 114-115.

25. Charlotte Berend-Corinth, Die Gemälde von Lovis Corinth (Munich: Bruckmann, 1958), p. 60.

26. Alfred Rohde, Der junge Corinth (Berlin: Rembrandt, 1941), p. 108. break

27. Corinth, Selbstbiographie , p. 108.

28. Besides the painting in Munich, which remained in Trübner's possession until 1910, the Christ in the Tomb is known in two additional, closely related, versions (Kunsthalle, Hamburg; Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart). Corinth, who became closely acquainted with Trübner only in 1892, may have seen the painting in Munich in the early 1880s. Writing in 1913, he praised the picture as Trübner's best work and went so far as to compare it favorably with works by Holbein and Grünewald. See Corinth, Gesammelte Schriften , p. 36.

29. Corinth, Selbstbiographie , p. 108.

30. Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , p. 78.

31. Peter Hahn, "Das literarische Figurenbild bei Lovis Corinth" (Ph.D. diss., Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, 1970), p. 44.

32. See Rohde, Der junge Corinth , p. 120.

33. For references to the painting, see Berend-Corinth, Die Gemälde von Lovis Corinth , p. 64.

34. See Thomas Deecke, "Die Zeichnungen von Lovis Corinth: Studien zur Stilentwicklung" (Ph.D. diss., Freie Universität, Berlin, 1973), pp. 46-47.

35. Corinth, Selbstbiographie , p. 108.

36. August Endell, Um die Schönheit: Eine Paraphrase über Münchner Kunstausstellungen 1896 (Munich: Verlag Emil Franke, 1896), pp. 66-67.

37. Lovis Corinth, Legenden aus dem Künstlerleben , 3d ed. (Berlin: Bruno Cassirer, 1918), p. 86.

38. Gurlitt, Die deutsche Kunst seit 1800 , p. 407.

39. Kenworth Moffett, Meier-Graefe as Art Critic . Studien zur Kunst des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts 19 (Munich: Prestel, [1973]), p. 54.

40. Hans Rosenhagen, Würdigungen (Berlin: Hermann Nabel, 1902), p. 81.

41. Quoted in John Rewald, Post-Impressionism from Van Gogh to Gauguin , 2d ed. (New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1962), p. 149.

42. Hermann Bahr, Die Überwindung des Naturalismus (Dresden: E. Pierson, 1891), p. 152.

43. Gurlitt, Die deutsche Kunst seit 1800 , p. 402.

44. The critical events leading up to the founding of the Munich Secession took place between February and November 1892. For a detailed account, see Hermann Uhde-Bernays, Die Münchner Malerei im neunzehnten Jahrhundert, vol. 2, 1850-1900 (Munich: Bruckmann, 1927), pp. 233-241. For additional observations, see Corinth, Selbstbiographie , pp. 108-109; Hermann Schlittgen, Erinnerungen (Hamburg-Begedorf: Stromverlag, 1947), pp. 198-199; and Siegfried Wichmann, Secession: Europäische Kunst um die Jahrhundertwende (Munich: Haus der Kunst, 1964), pp. 6-9.

45. Cf. Corinth, Selbstbiographie , pp. 110-111, and Schlittgen, Erinnerungen , p. 109.

46. For Eckmann's letter to Trübner, see Hans-Jürgen Imiela, Max Slevogt (Karlsruhe: Braun, 1968), p. 352, n. 19.

47. Corinth, Selbstbiographie , p. 109.

48. See the excerpt from a review of January 29, 1892, in Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , pp. 38-39.

49. Corinth, Gesammelte Schriften , p. 33.

50. This humorous skit, which was never performed because of Corinth's break with the Munich Artists' Association, is published in Alfred Kuhn, Lovis Corinth (Berlin: Propyläen, 1925), pp. 209-212. For a well-illustrated, concise history of Allotria, see Eugen Roth, ed., Ein halbes Jahrhundert Münchner Kulturgeschichte: Erlebt mit der Künstlergesellschaft Allotria (Munich: Thiemig, 1959). For Corinth's own memories of this beloved institution, see Legenden aus dem Künstlerleben , pp. 131-156. break

51. Berend-Corinth, Die Gemälde von Lovis Corinth , p. 65, no. 92.

52. On Arthur Langhammer, another member of Allotria, and his faithful dog Hipp, see Corinth, Legenden aus dem Künstlerleben , pp. 137-138.

53. Quoted from the exhibition catalogue Katalog der Ausstellung des Nachlasses Walter Leistikows in Berlin W . (Berlin: Salon Cassirer, 1908), p. 14.

54. See Kathryn Bloom Hisinger, ed., Art Nouveau in Munich: Masters of Jugendstil (Munich: Prestel, in association with the Philadelphia Museum of Art, 1988), pp. 49-55.

55. Friedrich Ahlers-Hestermann, Stilwende: Aufbruch der Jugend um 1900 (Berlin: Mann, 1941), p. 27.

56. Corinth, Legenden aus dem Künstlerleben , pp. 73-74; see also Hisinger, Art Nouveau in Munich , pp. 158-159.

57. Corinth, Gesammelte Schriften , p. 20.

58. Ibid., p. 15.

59. Ibid., p. 16.

57. Corinth, Gesammelte Schriften , p. 20.

58. Ibid., p. 15.

59. Ibid., p. 16.

57. Corinth, Gesammelte Schriften , p. 20.

58. Ibid., p. 15.

59. Ibid., p. 16.

60. Hahn, "Das literarische Figurenbild bei Lovis Corinth," pp. 58-64.

61. Max Klinger, Malerei und Zeichnung , 6th ed. (Leipzig: Thieme, 1913), p. 65.

62. Hans Wolfgang Singer, ed., Briefe von Max Klinger aus den Jahren 1874-1919 (Leipzig: Seemann, 1924), pp. 65-66.

63. Klinger, Malerei und Zeichnung , p. 44.

64. Ibid.

63. Klinger, Malerei und Zeichnung , p. 44.

64. Ibid.

65. See the excerpt from the review in Die Gegenwart , reproduced in Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , pp. 44-45.

66. Corinth's admiration for Heine and Gulbransson is documented by his articles "Thomas Theodor Heine und Münchens Kunstleben am Ende des vorigen Jahrhunderts," Kunst und Künstler 4 (1906): 143-156, and "Olaf Gulbransson," Kunst und Künstler 6 (1907): 55-64; reprinted in Corinth, Legenden aus dem Künstlerleben , pp. 83-98 and 99-109, respectively.

67. Corinth's other illustrations for Jugend include A Secret (Jugend 1:57), Nude Girl by the Water ( Jugend 1:312), and Faust: The Garden Scene (Jugend 1:647). Sleep, Baby, Sleep , an illustration to Paul Cahr's short story of the same title, appeared in Simplizissimus 1, no. 21.

68. Joseph Ruederer, Tragikomödien (Berlin: Georg Bondi, 1897).

69. See p. 68.

70. Corinth, Gesammelte Schriften , p. 18.

71. See Hahn, "Das literarische Figurenbild bei Lovis Corinth," p. 71.

72. See Berend-Corinth, Lovis , p. 227.

73. See Corinth, Das Erlernen der Malerei , p. 163.

74. For an excerpt from the review, see Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , p. 48.

75. For a reproduction of the caricature, see the exhibition catalogue Lovis Corinth , 1858-1925: Gemälde und Druckgraphik (Munich: Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, 1975), p. 36.

76. See Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , p. 45.

77. See Hahn, "Das literarische Figurenbild bei Lovis Corinth," pp. 122-124.

78. Friedrich Wolters, Stefan George und die Blätter für die Kunst: Deutsche Geistesgeschichte seit 1890 (Berlin: Georg Bondi, 1930), p. 81.

79. Peg Weiss, Kandinsky in Munich: The Formative Jugendstil Years (Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1979), p. 192, n. 17.

80. Julius Meier-Graefe, Entwicklungsgeschichte der modernen Kunst , 2d ed. (Stuttgart: J. Hoffmann, 1924), 2:710. break

81. See Andreas Haus, "Gesellschaft, Geselligkeit, Künstlerfest: Franz von Lenbach und die Münchner Allotria," in the exhibition catalogue Franz von Lenbach, 1836-1904 , ed. Rosel Gollek and Winfried Ranke (Munich: Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, 1986), pp. 99-116.

82. Quoted from the anonymous article "Das Münchner Künstlerfest 1898," Die Kunst für Alle 13 (1898): 197-198.

83. Max Halbe, Gesammelte Werke (Munich: A. Langen, 1917), 1: 5:

Dir ist bestimmt zu wandern auf Erden.
Der andern ihr Glück soll deines nicht werden.
Sollst suchen und irren in unsteter Hast,
An reichster Tafel friedloser Gast.

Und wie du auch jagst von Westen nach Osten,
Den Jammer der Welt, du sollst ihn durchkosten,
Und wo du nur irrst in Nord oder Süd,
Dein Kräutlein, dein Kräutlein nirgendwo blüht.

Zu suchen bist du verdammt auf Erden.
Der andern ihr Glück soll deines nicht werden,
Der andern Ihr Frieden, dir leiht er nicht Ruh!
Ein flüchtiger Wandrer, ein Kämpfer bist du.

84. Max Halbe, Jahrhundertwende: Geschichte meines Lebens, 1893-1914 (Danzig: A. W. Kafemann, 1935), p. 329.

85. Friedrich Nietzsche, Gesammelte Werke (Leipzig: Kröner, 1910), 6: 67.

86. Halbe, Jahrhundertwende , p. 113.

87. For a detailed account of Nietzsche's expanding reputation in Germany in the 1890s, see R. A. Nicholls, "Beginning of the Nietzsche Vogue in Germany," Modern Philosophy 56 (1958-1959): 24-37.

88. See Corinth's letter of July 18, 1898, to Dr. Carl Graeser, in Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , p. 53.

89. See Wolfgang Schlenck, 100 Jahre Evangelische Kirche Bad Tölz, 1880-1980 (Bad Tölz: Evangelisch-Lutherisches Pfarramt, 1980), no pagination; and Peter-Klaus Schuster, " München leuchtete": Karl Caspar und die Erneuerung christlicher Kunst in München um 1900 (Munich: Prestel, 1984), pp. 197-198.

90. See Corinth's letter of November 4, 1901, to Dr. Carl Graeser, in Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , p. 67.

91. This relief is reproduced in Rohde, Der junge Corinth , p. 118, fig. 86; for a related discussion of similar themes by the young Max Beckmann, see Barbara C. Buenger, "Max Beckmann's Amazonenschlacht: Tackling 'die grosse Idee,'" Pantheon 42 (1984): 140-150.

92. Cf. Joseph Ruederer, Wallfahrer- Maler- und Mördergeschichten , 3d ed. (Munich: Süddeutsche Monatshefte, 1913), p. 88.

93. Halbe, Jahrhundertwende , p. 272.

94. In 1898 and 1900 Corinth painted individual portraits of two of the men included in the Munich group portrait (B.-C. 163, 204). In 1906 and 1919 he painted portraits of two other members of the lodge (B.C. 329, 779, 780). The Johannes Lodge originally possessed three of these portraits; it still owns the portrait of Conrad Müller (B.-C. 204), standing second from the left in the group portrait. break

95. For the identification of the individuals represented, see Hans-Jürgen Imiela, "Die Porträts Lovis Corinths" (Ph.D. diss., Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 1955), p. 201, n. 162.

96. See ibid., p. 46.

95. For the identification of the individuals represented, see Hans-Jürgen Imiela, "Die Porträts Lovis Corinths" (Ph.D. diss., Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 1955), p. 201, n. 162.

96. See ibid., p. 46.

97. See Leo Michelson, "Corinths letzte Tage in Amsterdam," Kunst und Künstler 26 (1926): 14.

98. See Imiela, "Die Porträts Lovis Corinths," pp. 45-46, 202, n. 164, for specific examples of paintings by Dirck Jacobsz.

99. See Doede, Berlin: Kunst und Künstler seit 1870, p. 55; and Lovis Corinth, Das Leben Walter Leistikows: Ein Stück Berliner Kulturgeschichte (Berlin: Paul Cassirer, 1910), pp. 29-50.

100. Das Leben Walter Leistikows , pp. 51-66; and Peter Paret, The Berlin Secession: Modernism and Its Enemies in Imperial Germany (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, Belknap Press, 1980), pp. 59-91.

101. Liebermann's introduction is reprinted in Max Liebermann, Gesammelte Schriften (Berlin: Bruno Cassirer, 1922), pp. 255-256.

102. See Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , pp. 57-58. For the portrait Corinth painted at this time of Max Liebermann, see Berend-Corinth, Die Gemälde von Lovis Corinth , B.-C. 180.

103. See the letter from Hans Rosenhagen to Charlotte Berend, in Berend-Corinth, Die Gemälde von Lovis Corinth , pp. 191-192.

104. See also Imiela, "Die Porträts Lovis Corinths," pp. 56-57.

105. Despite the date inscribed on the canvas, Charlotte Berend dates the picture 1899. See Berend-Corinth, Die Gemälde von Lovis Corinth , B.-C. 171.

106. See Hugo Daffner, Salome: Ihre Gestalt in Geschichte und Kunst. Dichtung—bildende Kunst—Musik (Munich: H. Schmidt, [c. 1912]); see also J. Adolf Schmoll gen. Eisenwerth, "Salome 1900," Du 8 (1981): 45-53; and in the same issue, 20-44, 54-59; for a more recent, feminist, account of the popularity of the Salome theme, see Bram Dijkstra, Idols of Perversity: Fantasies of Feminine Evil in Fin-de-Siècle Culture (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986), pp. 379-393.

107. Cf. Mario Praz, The Romantic Agony , 2d ed. (London: Oxford University Press, 1970), p. 315; Dijkstra, Idols of Perversity , pp. 395-396; Jules Laforgue, Six Moral Tales , ed. and trans. Frances Newman (New York: Horace Liveright, 1928).

108. In Berend-Corinth's catalogue this painting is incorrectly dated 1899. On the origin of the portrait, see the excerpt from the letter of January 29, 1959, from Bianca Israel to Thomas Corinth, in Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , pp. 59-60.

109. Hans Rosenhagen, "Die zweite Ausstellung der Berliner Secession," Die Kunst 1 (1900): 462.

110. See the note on p. 307 of Alfred Lichtwark, Briefe an Max Liebermann , ed. Carl Schellenberg (Hamburg: J. Trautmann [im Auftrage der Lichtwarkstiftung], 1947).

111. Paul Fechter, Menschen und Zeiten: Begegnungen aus fünf Jahrzehnten (Gütersloh: C. Bertelsmann, [c. 1948]), p. 94.

112. See Corinth, Selbstbiographie , p. 119.

113. See the various letters mentioning the painting, in Thomas Corinth, Lovis Corinth: Eine Dokumentation , pp. 65-66.

114. The date on the canvas, somewhat illegible, is frequently read as 1900. The last numeral, however, can just as easily be read as a 1. Max Halbe, moreover, remembers the portrait as having been painted in 1901. See Halbe, Jahrhundertwende , p. 325.

115. As a result of subsequent renumbering, this house later had the number 48. break


Notes
 

Preferred Citation: Uhr, Horst. Lovis Corinth. Berkeley:  University of California Press,  c1990 1990. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft1t1nb1gf/