Glossary of Terms

B

biocenosis —a closed ecological community, consisting of fauna, flora, and inorganic components

C

chudak,- i —oddball(s), eccentric(s).

D

druzhina —lit., a fighting brigade; student organization for nature protection established in 1960; also, volunteer militia created by Khrushchëv in 1958

E

etalon,- y —ecological baseline(s)

G

Glavokhota RSFSR —the RSFSR Main Administration for Hunting and Zapovedniki

Glavpriroda SSSR —the USSR Main Administration for Hunting and Zapovedniki of the USSR Ministry of Agriculture

Gosplan —the State Planning Authority

I

IGAN —Institute of Geography of the Academy of Sciences

IUPN —International Union for the Protection of Nature (later, International Union for the Conservation of Nature)

K

Kedrograd —lit., Cedar City; an experimental forestry plantation founded by students of the Leningrad Technical Forestry Academy in the late 1950s, lasting officially to 1976

KIuBZ —the Young Biologists' Circle of the Moscow Zoo

kolkhoz,- y —collective farm(s)

Komsomol —the Young Communist League

kraeved —voluntary society for the study of local lore, crafts, folkways, and nature

krai —a type of province in the USSR; a territory

krai( obl-)ispolkom —provincial government executive committee

kruzhok, kruzhki —circle(s)

L

leskhoz-y —Soviet forest plantation(s)

M

MGB —Ministry of State Security

MGO —Moscow branch of the Geographical Society of the USSR

MGU —Moscow State University

MOIP —Moscow Society of Naturalists

MVD —Ministry of Internal Affairs

N

nauchnaia obshchestvennost' —scientific public opinion; the self-designation of nature protection activists

nauka —science, with overtones of a sacred calling

NKVD —People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (including the security police)

O

oblast' —a Soviet province

obshchestvennost' —public opinion, especially of educated society

R

RSFSR —the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic; Russia

S

sovkhoz,-y —state farm (s)

studenchestvo —special student identity, traditionally with radical overtones

SR —Socialist Revolutionary (A Non-Marxist Party In Russia, Fl. 1905–1918)

V

VOOP —All-Russian Society for the Protection of Nature

VOOPIiK —All-Russian Society for the Preservation of Monuments of Culture and History

VOSSOGZN —All-Russian Society for the Promotion and Protection of Urban Green Plantings

Z

zakaznik —a protected territory established usually for a period of five or ten years, in which all or a part of its natural components may be protected

zapovednik —an inviolable nature reserve dedicated to long-term scientific, especially ecological, study

zubr —European bison; symbol of the old intelligentsia