1. The section on the Capitol lunch clubs is based on interviews with Ralph Dills, Sacramento, Calif., Feb. 28, 1994; Alfred Alquist, Sacramento, Calif., Mar. 21, 1994; John Foran, Sacramento, Calif., Apr. 12, 1994; William Bagley, San Francisco, Calif., Sep. 18, 1995.

2. Ralph Dills, interview, Sacramento, Calif., Feb. 28, 1994.

3. Carla Lazzareschi, "The Decline of Randy Collier—Or Is He Just Resting?" California Journal , May 1975, p. 165; Lazzareschi reported that Collier was the founder of the Derby Club, corroborating the recollections of Dills and Alquist.

4. Alfred Alquist, interview.

5. John Foran, interview.

6. Richard Rodda, "Demos' Group Challenges Speaker Unruh's Leadership," The Sacramento Bee , May 1, 1966; "Solon Reiterates Unruh Leadership Is Threatened," The Sacramento Bee , May 4, 1966; Jack Welter, "Willie Brown Denies Unruh Criticism— 'Misunderstood,'" San Francisco Examiner , May 5, 1966.

7. John Robert Connelly, interview, Sacramento, Calif., Apr. 27, 1993. Other biographical details about Moretti are from Lou Cannon, Reagan , p. 179.

8. Press release, untitled, from Bob Moretti, June 22, 1965, Jesse M. Unruh Papers, folder "Correspondence, Legislators, Mo-R, 1959-68," LP 236:303, California State Archives, Sacramento.

9. Rodda, "Demos' Group Challenges Speaker Unruh's Leadership."

10. Welter, "Willie Brown Denies Unruh Criticism."

11. Letter from Edwin L. Z'berg to Willie L. Brown Jr., May 2, 1966, Jesse M. Unruh Papers, folder "Correspondence, Legislators, U-Z, 1959-68," LP 236:306, California State Archives, Sacramento.

12. "Solon Reiterates Unruh Leadership Is Threatened."

13. Welter, "Willie Brown Denies Unruh Criticism."

14. Telegram from Willie Brown and Bob Moretti in Sacramento to Jesse Unruh in Honolulu, May 2, 1966, Jesse M. Unruh Papers, folder "Correspondence, Legislators, Be-Car 1959-69," LP 236:295, California State Archives, Sacramento.

15. Interviews, Willie Brown, San Francisco, Calif., Jan. 17, 1994; John Burton, Sacramento, Calif., Apr. 26, 1993.

16. John L. Burton, oral history interview, p. 21, California State Archives, Sacramento.

17. James R. Mills, A Disorderly House: The Brown-Unruh Years in Sacramento , p. 190.

18. Lou Cannon, Ronnie and Jesse: A Political Odyssey , p. 83.

19. Letter of Oct. 3, 1967, from Leonard Carter, regional NAACP director, to Mrs. Muriel Cassell, of San Francisco, stating, "Enclosed is a list of persons whose memberships expired in the NAACP during 1967. Two notices were mailed each of these persons but they have failed to respond. I would suggest that an effort be made to personally contact each of these persons." On the list is Willie Brown, 666 Octavia Street; NAACP West Coast Region Office Papers (1946-1970), file "Correspondence—Branch San Francisco Metropolitan Council Aug.-Dec. 1967," carton 18, Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.

20. John Dearman, interview, San Francisco, Calif., Jan. 17, 1994.

21. Ibid.

22. "State-Operated Auto Insurance Is Suggested," The Sacramento Bee , Oct. 4, 1966.

23. Phillip Burton paid Hal Dunleavy $2,000 for the poll covering his own reelection race, the reelections of Willie Brown and John Burton, and the state Senate candidacy of George Moscone. Dunleavy's poll proved accurate for all four. Phillip Burton Papers, folder "1966 State Senate and Other Races," carton 2, Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.

24. Brown won 30,444 votes in Nov. 1966. His Republican opponent, Julius Kahn III, won 24,272 votes; John Burton won 28,307 votes to Republican Raymond Bright's 19,232; Stanton lost with 38,321 votes to Republican Earle P. Crandall, who won 46,252 California Legislature at Sacramento , 1967 (Sacramento. California Legislature, 1967), pp. 514-515.

25. John Owens, Edmond Costantini, and Louis F. Weschler, California Politics and Parties , pp. 290-291. Information on the 1966 legislative class is also based on California Legislature at Sacramento , 1967.

26. California Legislature at Sacramento , 1967, election result tables, p. 126. The winner was Republican Lewis F. Sherman, who was beaten four years later (having served only one term) by Democrat John Holmdahl.

27. Cannon, Ronnie and Jesse , p. 130.

28. "San Franciscan Seeks 'Positive' Capitol Action," The Sacramento Bee , Jan. 17, 1967.

29. California Legislature at Sacramento , 1967, p. 248.

30. Letter from Willie Brown to Jesse M. Unruh, Jan. 25, 1967, Jesse M. Unruh Papers, folder "Correspondence, Legislators, Be-Car 1959-69," LP 236:295, California State Archives, Sacramento.

31. "Willie Brown Deplores Union Stand," San Francisco Chronicle , Sep. 16, 1967.

32. "Francois' Relocation Opponents," San Francisco Chronicle , Nov. 4, 1967.

33. This account of the Black Panthers' armed visit to the Assembly is based on Hugh Pearson's biography of Huey Newton, The Shadow of the Panther: Huey Newton and the Price of Black Power in America , pp. 129-133.

34. Leon D. Ralph, oral history interview, p. 80, California State Archives.

35. John L. Burton, oral history interview.

36. "Negro Speaker Accuses Unruh of Racial Bias," San Francisco Chronicle , Jan. 29, 1967.

37. Willie Brown, interview, Assembly floor, Sacramento, Calif., Apr. 15, 1994.

38. Interviews, Willie Brown, Assembly floor, Sacramento, Calif., Apr. 15, 1994; John Burton; and "New Crisis Ahead in Labor Feud," San Francisco Chronicle , Feb. 9, 1967.

39. Willie Brown, interview, San Francisco, Calif., Jan. 17, 1994.

40. Jackson Doyle, "The Conflict Issue and Reagan Aides," San Francisco Chronicle , June 27, 1967.

41. "200 Secret Names," San Francisco Chronicle , June 28, 1967; "Names of Panel Members Will Be Released," The Sacramento Bee , June 28, 1967; and "Task Force List to be Released," San Francisco Chronicle , June 29, 1967.

42. Willie Brown, interview, San Francisco, Calif., Jan. 17, 1994.

43. Ibid.

44. John Burton, interview.

45. Phillip Isenberg, interview, Sacramento, Calif., Dec. 22, 1992.

46. Ibid.

47. Letters to trade groups from Willie Brown, Sep. 5, 1967, Phillip Isenberg Papers, folder "1967-1969, Willie Brown Jr. Administrative Assistant," box 5, Archive, California State University, Sacramento.

48. Memo from Winfield A. Shoemaker, Assembly Democratic Caucus chairman, to Jesse Unruh, Nov. 10, 1967, reporting that the letters and lists were prepared; Jesse M. Unruh Papers, folder "Correspondence, Democratic Caucus 1965-1967," LP 236:185, California State Archives, Sacramento.

49. Willie Brown, interview, San Francisco, Calif., Jan. 17, 1994; Stephen Green, ed., California Political Almanac 1995-1996 , 1993-1994, p. 219. As the years have unfolded, the story has been repeated in Sacramento by Brown and others. It probably occurred, although one variation of the story has the conversation occurring over a drink, according to unpublished notes by the late Lee Fremstad of The Sacramento Bee , May 19, 1971, in the author's private collection. Fremstad puts the incident in 1967.