E

East China Normal, 193 , 198

Economic bureaucracies, 2 , 4

Economic commissions, 316 -17

Economic development, 254

Economic Legislation Center, 131

Economic Reform Bureau, 73 n.20

Economic Reform Decision (1984), 199

Economic Reform Leading Group, 117

Economic reforms, 13 , 75 , 79 , 80 , 287

and decentralization, 251 -63

and Party control, 67

and political system, 59 , 86 -87

Economic Research Center, 131

Economic system, 19

and outside world, 2

Economic System Reform Commission, 117 , 120

Economic System Reform Institute, 117

Economic, Technical, and Social Development Research Center, 117 , 131 , 132 , 135 , 140 , 148

influence of, 139 , 141

and long-term planning, 136

resources of, 142

Economy: marketization of, 264

Education Conference (1985), 200

Education Decision. See Education Reform Decision

Education Reform Decision (1985), 183 , 190 , 194 , 200 , 209

Educational system, 17 , 181 , 184 , 187 , 198

and curriculum reform, 192

finances of, 182

fragmentation of, 182

local, 187 , 194 , 195 , 211

and local governments, 210

municipal level of, 188

and the Party, 212

policy, 210

provincial, 187 -88, 194

research centers, 197

resources of, 182 , 198

reward structure in, 199

and teacher attrition, 202 -3

and teacher credentials, 188 -201, 192 n. 12 , 193 n. 14 , 199 , 199 n. 19

and teacher life, 201 -10

Eighth Party Congress, 64 , 106

Electrical Power Bureau, 47

Electrical Power Ministry, 47 , 53

Electronic Vitalization Leading Group, 116 n.30

Electronics Leading Group, 120

Employment substitution, 240 -41

Energy production, 254

Energy Research Association, 138

Enterprise Management Bureau, 73 n.20

Enterprises, 311 -12

accountability of, 275 -76

autonomy of, 310 , 319

bargaining position of, 326 -28

and decentralization, 272

decision making in, 272

financial activities of, 313

internal organization of, 274

ownership of, 310 n.9

and profits, 42 , 267

reforms of, 263

and relations with superiors, 268 , 270 , 271 , 273 , 330

revenues of, 318

risk in, 324

taxation of, 311 , 321 -22

and two-track system, 264 -65

Essence of Decision (Allison), 10