1. Knusinen, ed., Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism , p. 327.

2. Ibid., p. 326.

1. Knusinen, ed., Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism , p. 327.

2. Ibid., p. 326.

3. Lenin on the United States , p. 401.

4. This view is fully described in Barghoorn, The Soviet Image , and Griffiths, "lmage, Politics and Learning," esp. pp. 123-40. For a discussion of this harsh image of America in the context of Stalin's foreign policy doctrines, see Paul Marantz, "Prelude to Détente," pp. 505-9.

5. See especially Griffiths, "Image, Politics and Learning," passim.

6. Gromyko, 1036 dnei , p. 93.

7. Gromyko, Diplomatiya , pp. 234-43.

8. Bessmenykh, "Diplomaticheskii apparat," p. 104.

9. Shvedkov, "Glavnye tsentry," p. 78.

10. Yermolenko, "O 'reideologizatsii,'" pp. 24, 25. continue

11. Arbatov, G. A., ed., SShA: Nauchno-tekhnicheskaya revoliutsiya , p. 38.

12. Khlebny, "Kapitalizm SShA," pp. 22-23.

13. Yakovin, "Okean," p. 80.

14. Turkatenko, "Korporatsii SShA.," p. 30.

15. Petrovsky, "Anatomy of Presidential Power," p. 129.

16. Menshikov, Ekonomicheskaya politika , pp. 114-15.

17. Borisov, review of Gromyko's 1036 dnei , p. 184.

18. Yakovlev, Prestupivshie gran ', p. 6.

19. Griffiths, "Image, Politics and Learning," pp. 330-31.

20. Ibid., p. 86.

19. Griffiths, "Image, Politics and Learning," pp. 330-31.

20. Ibid., p. 86.

21. Quoted in Nordahl, "Stalinist Ideology," p. 241. For a thoughtful analysis of the controversy over Varga's unorthodox views, see Marantz, "Soviet Foreign Policy Factionalism Under Stalin?"

22. Washington Post , 27 October 1973.

23. Arbatov, G. A., ldeologicheskaya bor'ba , p. 259.

24. Inozemtsev, "Sovremennye SShA," p. 12.

25. "Text of Gromyko speech at UN General Assembly," Pravda , 26 September 1973, p. 4; FBIS , 27 September 1973, p. A5.

26. Shvedkov, "Strategiya," pp. 22-23, 37.

27. Gromyko, 1036 dnei , p. 158.

28. Ibid., p. 224.

27. Gromyko, 1036 dnei , p. 158.

28. Ibid., p. 224.

29. Shvedkov, "Strategiya," p. 23.

30. Gromyko, Diplomatiya , pp. 229-30.

31. Zhurkin, "SShA," p. 22.

32. Shvedkov, "Novaya kniga," p. 96.

33. Gromyko, Diplomatiya , p. 231.

34. Genri, "Protiv," pp. 21-22.

35. Yakovlev, "SSSR-SShA," p. 13.

36. Gromyko, 1036 dnei , p. 82.

37. Gromyko, Diplomatiya , p. 230.

38. Trofimenko, "From Confrontation to Coexistence," p. 36.

39. Gromyko, "Menyayushchiesya nastroeniya," p. 74.

40. Tomashevsky, "Na puti," pp. 5-6.

41. "Vstrechi v verkhakh," p. 3.

42. Yakovlev, "SSSR-SShA," p. 17.

43. Shvedkov, "Glavnye tsentry," p. 46.

44. See Yakovlev's Prestupivshie gran '. break

45. Gusev, "Moscow, on Sakharov."

46. Shulman, "On Learning to Live with Authoritarian Regimes," p. 330.

47. Shvetsov, "Rol' kongressa," p. 259.

48. Portnyagin, "Kritika planov," pp. 75-76.

49. Anichkina, "Bor'ba v kongresse," pp. 78-79.

50. Shvetsov, "Rol' kongressa," p. 278.

51. Ibid., p. 269.

50. Shvetsov, "Rol' kongressa," p. 278.

51. Ibid., p. 269.

52. Konovalov and Savel'yev, "Aktsiya," p. 97.

53. Belonogov, "Ispolnitel'noe soglashenie," p. 19.

54. Shershnev, "Soblyudat' usloviya ravnopraviya," p. 69.

55. Anichkina, "Bor'ba v kongresse," p. 80.

56. Solomatina, "Predely," p. 91.

57. New York Times , 30 September 1976.

58. Mosely, "The Soviet Citizen," p. 454.

59. Smith, The Russians , pp. 245-60.

60. Zorin, "200-letie," pp. 25-26. See also Petrovsky, "Anatomy of Presidential Power," p. 129.

61. Chetverikov, Kto i kak delaet politiku SShA , p. 20; and Yanchuk, 'Mekhanizm," p. 78.

62. Shvetsov, "Rol' kongressa," p. 278, and Konovalov and Savel'yev, 'Aktsiya," p. 94.

63. Popova, "Senat," p. 23.

64. Zolotukhin, "Na puti," pp. 21-22.

65. Malakhin, "Rezhim," p. 112.

66. Lebedev, "Snova problema," p. 30.

67. Ibid., p. 30.

66. Lebedev, "Snova problema," p. 30.

67. Ibid., p. 30.

68. Shimanovsky, "Liberaly," p. 43.

69. Ibid., p. 44.

70. Ibid., pp. 44-45.

71. Ibid., p. 44.

72. Ibid., pp. 41-42.

68. Shimanovsky, "Liberaly," p. 43.

69. Ibid., p. 44.

70. Ibid., pp. 44-45.

71. Ibid., p. 44.

72. Ibid., pp. 41-42.

68. Shimanovsky, "Liberaly," p. 43.

69. Ibid., p. 44.

70. Ibid., pp. 44-45.

71. Ibid., p. 44.

72. Ibid., pp. 41-42.

68. Shimanovsky, "Liberaly," p. 43.

69. Ibid., p. 44.

70. Ibid., pp. 44-45.

71. Ibid., p. 44.

72. Ibid., pp. 41-42.

68. Shimanovsky, "Liberaly," p. 43.

69. Ibid., p. 44.

70. Ibid., pp. 44-45.

71. Ibid., p. 44.

72. Ibid., pp. 41-42.

73. Anichkina, "Bor'ba v kongresse," pp. 79-80.

74. Popova, "Senat," pp. 23-24.

75. Ibid., p. 22.

74. Popova, "Senat," pp. 23-24.

75. Ibid., p. 22.

76. Shvetsov, "Rol' kongressa," p. 276.

77. Ibid., p. 278.

76. Shvetsov, "Rol' kongressa," p. 276.

77. Ibid., p. 278.

78. Dolgopolova, "Voennye raskhody," p. 114.

79. Mosin, "Krizis," p. 23. break

80. Ibid., pp. 15-26.

79. Mosin, "Krizis," p. 23. break

80. Ibid., pp. 15-26.

81. Linnik, "Rassleduetsya 'delo Tsru,'" p. 73.

82. Kislov and Osipova, "Obsuzhdenie," p. 72.

83. Pakhomov, "Trezvyi podkhod," pp. 66, 67, 69.

84. Savel'yev, "Vneshnyaya politika," p. 87.

85. Seregin, "Bor'ba," p. 87.

86. Semeyko, "Springs and Levers," p. B3.

87. Lebedev, "Snova problema," p. 33.

88. Savel'yev, "Sotsial'no-politicheskii sostav," p. 113.

89. Savel'yev, "Vneshnyaya politika," passim.

90. Savel'yev, "Sotsial'no-politicheskii sostav," p. 113. The author here is quoting F. Lundberg's The Rich and the Super-Rich (Russian edition, Moscow: 1971).

91. Shimanovsky, "Liberaly," p. 49.

92. See Portnyagin, "Kritika planov," passim; Popova, "Senat," passim; and Linnik and Savel'yev, "Ukhod Uil'yama Ful'braita," pp. 122-26 (which should be compared with Robert Kaiser's "Soviets: Zionists Beat Fulbright," Washington Post , 8 June 1974). See also Linnik and Savel'yev, "Dzhon Sparkmen," pp. 124-27, and Savel'yev, "Sluzhebnyi apparat," pp. 122-27. There has also been considerable improvement in the treatment of Congress in the popular press. In October 1975, for example, a Pravda article focused on the considerable diversity of views to be found in the Congress. This fact was explained by noting that the position of a particular legislator is determined by "interrelated factors," including "his business ties and the special features of his electoral district" (G. Vasilyev and T. Kolesnichenko, "The View from Capital Hill," Pravda , 17 October 1975, p. 4; FBIS , 24 October 1975, p. B12). This description is not very different from those found in conventional Western analyses.

93. Savel'yev, "Vneshnyaya politika," p. 87.