1. Interview with Harry and Emilia Rathbun, October 14, 1984, Palo Alto, Calif.

2. Interview with Richard and Carolyn Rathbun, February 20, 1985, Palo Alto, Calif.

3. Ibid.

2. Interview with Richard and Carolyn Rathbun, February 20, 1985, Palo Alto, Calif.

3. Ibid.

4. Interview with Richard and Carolyn Rathbun, February 2, 1985, Palo Alto, Calif.

5. Harry Rathbun to Richard and Carolyn Rathbun, July 30, 1971, Creative Initiative Archives.

6. Harry Rathbun to Richard and Carolyn Rathbun, July 12, 1970; July 30, 1971; February 15, 1972, Creative Initiative Archives.

7. Harry Rathbun to Richard and Carolyn Rathbun, June 29, 1971; October 10, 1971, Creative Initiative Archives.

8. "Notes from Jesus III Seminar, 11/5/78-11/10/78," James and Wileta Burch papers. There were, in fact, more than a thousand members, almost 1,800 in 1976, but many of them apparently did not meet Emilia's criteria for totality; "Draft Copy—Sept. 1987, Membership of Sequoia Seminar and Creative Initiative," Creative Initiative Archives.

9. "A Time for Decision," c. January 1978: 1, Creative Initiative Archives.

10. "Draft Copy—Sept. 1987, Membership of Sequoia Seminar and Creative Initiative."

11. ''Assessment of the Teachings of Jesus: Course I," 1981: 1-3, Creative Initiative Archives.

12. "Within woman, deeply buried . . . ," n.d., Creative Initiative Archives.

13. "Woman to Woman sponsors 'A Minute for Peace for the Children's Sake,' " December 1967, Creative Initiative Archives; San Francisco Chronicle (December 23, 1967): n.p., clipping and note, history notebook, Creative Initiative Archives; "For the Children's Sake," c. 1968: 4, newsletter, Creative Initiative Archives.

14. Palo Alto Times (May 13, 1967): 32; "Another Mother for Peace," history notebook, Creative Initiative Archives.

15. Press release, c. June 1969, Creative Initiative Archives; newspaper clippings, June 19, 1969; June 24, 1969, history notebook, Creative Initiative Archives.

16. Palo Alto Times (October 23, 1970): 14; "Russian Humming Song," history notebook, Creative Initiative Archives.

17. "To: Outlying Areas, Outposts and Contacts," October 17, 1973, Creative Initiative Archives.

18. Palo Alto Times (October 13, 1973): 2.

19. Ibid.

18. Palo Alto Times (October 13, 1973): 2.

19. Ibid.

20. San Francisco Chronicle (October 20, 1973): 6.

21. "We March in Unity with the Women of Ireland," c. 1976, leaflet, Creative Initiative Archives; Palo Alto Times (October 25, 1976): 11.

22. Questionnaires, June 1983, Creative Initiative Archives.

23. Meeting of Beyond War leaders, March 1, 1985, Ben Lomond, Calif.

24. Questionnaire 19, summer, 1986.

25. Questionnaire 20, summer, 1986.

26. Richard Rathbun, speech to Men's Convocation, "The New Warrior," November 11, 1984; Jonathan Schell, "The Fate of the Earth," New Yorker 57 (February 1, 1982): 44, (February 8, 1982): 48, (February 15, 1982): 45.

27. Los Angeles Times (September 15, 1985): IV, 1.

28. Helen Caldicott to Harry and Emilia Rathbun, February 2, 1976, Creative Initiative Archives.

29. New York Times (May 25, 1979): 17.

30. Los Angeles Times (September 15, 1985): IV, 12.

31. Metro [San Jose] (May 9-15, 1985): 7; Palo Alto Weekly (July 23, 1986): 26; Susan Faludi, "A Separate Peace," West [Sunday magazine of the San Jose Mercury News ] (May 4, 1986): 33-34.

32. Los Angeles Times (September 15, 1985): IV, 13.

33. Beyond War leadership meeting, March 1, 1985, Ben Lomond, Calif.

34. Creative Initiative leadership meeting, January, 13, 1985, Ben Lomond, Calif.

35. Beyond War leadership meeting, March 1, 1985, Ben Lomond, Calif.

36. Faludi, "A Separate Peace," 33.

37. Ibid., 11.

36. Faludi, "A Separate Peace," 33.

37. Ibid., 11.

38. Beyond War: A New Way of Thinking (Palo Alto, Calif: Beyond War, 1985), i.

39. Parade Magazine (August 24, 1986): 18-19.

40. Martin E. Hellman, "On the Inevitability of Nuclear War," Creative Initiative Archives.

41. See chap. 5.

42. Beyond War, "Knowledge," 2-3.

43. Ibid., 14.

44. Ibid., 1, 1A, 2.

42. Beyond War, "Knowledge," 2-3.

43. Ibid., 14.

44. Ibid., 1, 1A, 2.

42. Beyond War, "Knowledge," 2-3.

43. Ibid., 14.

44. Ibid., 1, 1A, 2.

45. "Men's Convocation," November 11, 1984, drafts of speeches, Creative Initiative Archives.

46. "Convocation talk #2—Saturday morning," November 5, 1984: 6-8, Creative Initiative Archives.

47. Beyond War, "Decision," 2-2A.

48. Ibid., 3.

49. Ibid., 3-4.

47. Beyond War, "Decision," 2-2A.

48. Ibid., 3.

49. Ibid., 3-4.

47. Beyond War, "Decision," 2-2A.

48. Ibid., 3.

49. Ibid., 3-4.

50. Susan Faludi, "Inner Peaceniks," Mother Jones (April 1987): 51.

51. "To: Regional Chairman of regions having a Symposium," October 6, 1984, Creative Initiative Archives; "Woman's Rite of Passage," 2, Creative Initiative Archives.

52. Speech to women's convocation, November 5, 1984, Creative Initiative Archives.

53. "Who Speaks for Earth? The New Warrior," November 11, 1984, Creative Initiative Archives.

54. "Men's Convocation," November 11, 1984, Creative Initiative Archives.

54. Pin card, c. 1985, Creative Initiative Archives.

56. Beyond War, "Decision," 7.

57. Beyond War, "Action," 3-4.

58. Ibid., 5-7.

57. Beyond War, "Action," 3-4.

58. Ibid., 5-7.

59. "Adoption of an Idea," n.d., resource paper, Creative Initiative Archives.

60. Wayne Mehl speaking at Beyond War leaders' meeting, March 1, 1985, Ben Lomond, Calif.

61. "Beyond War Plan," c. 1982, Creative Initiative Archives.

62. "Beyond War Summary," "The Plan for 1984-1985," August 1, 1984, Creative Initiative Archives; "Beyond War coordinators' meeting," De Anza College, January 12, 1985.

63. See for example, The Washington Post (March 21, 1983): Al.

64. Interviews at Beyond War United Nations meetings, January 28-30, 1985; Faludi, "Inner Peaceniks," 22; Faludi, "A Separate Peace," 34.

65. Elizabeth Walker Mechling and Gale Auletta, "Beyond War: A Socio-Rhetorical Analysis of a New Class Revitalization Movement," Western Journal of Speech Communication 50 (Fall, 1986): 403.