1. Karl Schoenberger, "Ad Giant in Japan Sells Clout," Los Angeles Times , June 14, 1990, A20.

2. Teresa Watanabe, "Japan Sets Sights on Creativity," Los Angeles Times , June 10, 1990, A1.

3. See Leslie Helm, "Japan's Labs Open at Last," Los Angeles Times , November 11, 1990, D7.

4. Quoted in ibid.

3. See Leslie Helm, "Japan's Labs Open at Last," Los Angeles Times , November 11, 1990, D7.

4. Quoted in ibid.

5. Noë Burch, To the Distant Observer: Form and Meaning in Japanese Cinema (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1979), chap. 5.

6. Charles Champlin, "The Oscars Go Global," Los Angeles Times , March 27, 1990, F2.

7. Karl Schoenberger, "Japanese Film: The Sinking Sun," Los Angeles Times , April 4, 1990, F7.

8. Kevin Thomas, "Last Picture Show in Little Tokyo," Los Angeles Times , October 31, 1990, F1.

9. Michael Cieply and Alan Citron, "The Poker Game to Win MCA," Los Angeles Times , November 30, 1990, A22.

10. Dutka and Easton, "Hollywood's Brave New World," 77, 84, 85.

11. Robert Epstein, "The Dream Factory May Never Be the Same," Los Angeles Times , November 10, 1990, F20.

12. A. G. Hawn, "HDTV--The 'Even Playing Field' Gets Muddy: An Inside Report on the Future of High Definition Television," Video Times , Winter 1990, 33.

13. Epstein, "Dream Factory," F20.

14. Dutka and Easton, "Hollywood's Brave New World," 84.

15. Hawn, "HDTV," 32-33, 38.

16. Quoted in Cieply and Citron, "Poker Game to Win MCA," A22.

17. Epstein, "Dream Factory," F20.

18. Quoted in Michael Cieply and Leslie Helm, "Matsushita to Buy MCA--$6.5 Billion, Los Angeles Times , November 27, 1990, A25.

19. Quoted in Alan Citron and Michael Cieply, "Pathe Closes Long-delayed MGM/UA Deal," Los Angeles Times , November 2, 1990, A1.

20. Michael Cieply and Alan Citron, "Parretti Makes Surprise Offer to Purchase MCA," Los Angeles Times , November 28, 1990, A19.

21. Jube Shiver, Jr., "The Bidding for MCA," Los Angeles Times , November 29, 1990, D13. break

22. John Rizzo and Jon Zilber, "How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Connectivity: Networking the '90s," MacUser , January 1991, 92-93.

23. Dutka and Easton, "Hollywood's Brave New World," 84.

24. Quoted in Jane Hall, "Network News: An Endangered Species?" Los Angeles Times , February 16, 1991, F1.

25. Houston, "Viewing Television," 185.