1. Richard M. Dougherty, ''A 'Factory' for Scholarly Journals." Chronicle of Higher Education 38/41 (June 17, 1992): b1-b2; Bert R. Boyce, "Meeting the Serials Cost Problem: A Supply Side Proposal." American Libraries 24/3 (March 1993): 272-273.

2. Stevan Harnad, "Post-Gutenberg Galaxy: The Fourth Revolution in the Means of Production of Knowledge." Public Access Computer Systems Review 2/1 (1991): 39-53; Andrew M. Odlyzko, "Tragic Loss or Good Riddance? The Impending Demise of Traditional Scholarly Journals." International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 42/1 (January 1995): 71-122.

3. Frank Quinn, "A Role for Libraries in Electronic Publication." Serials Review 21/1 (1995): 27-30.

4. Charles A. Schwartz, "Scholarly Communication as a Loosely Structured System: Reassessing Prospects for Structural Reform." College and Research Libraries 55/2 (March 1994): 101-117.

5. Anthony W. Cummings, Marcia L. Witte, William G. Bowen, Laura O. Lazarus, and Richard H. Ekman, University Libraries and Scholarly Communication: Study Prepared for The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Washington, D.C.: Association of Research Libraries for The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, 1992.

6. Newsletter on Serials Pricing Issues. Edited by Marcia Tuttle. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1989-1997. Available electronically by subscribing to PRICES from listproc@unc.edu.

7. Deana Astle and Charles Hamaker, "Journal Publishing: Pricing and Structural Issues in the 1930s and the 1980s. Advances in Serials Management 2 (1988): 1-36; Charles Hamaker and Deana Astle, "Recent Price Patterns in British Journal Pricing." Library Acquisitions: Practice and Theory 8 (1984): 225-232; Deana Astle and Charles Hamaker, "Pricing by Geography: British Journal Pricing 1986 Including Developments in Other Countries." Library Acquisitions: Practice and Theory 10 (1986): 165-181.

8. David Lewis, "Economics of the Scholarly Journal." College and Research Libraries 50/6 (November 1989): 674-688; H. Craig Peterson, "Variations in Journal Prices: A Statistical Analysis." Serials Librarian 17/1&2 (1989): 1-9; Bruce Kingma and Philip Eppard, "Journal Price Escalation and the Market for Information: The Librarians' Solution." College and Research Libraries 53/6 (November 1992): 523-535; Michael A. Stoller, Robert Christopherson, and Michael Miranda, "The Economics of Professional Journal Pricing." College and Research Libraries 57/1 (January 1996): 9-21.

9. Henry H. Barshall, "The Cost Effectiveness of Physics Journals." Physics Today 41 (July 1988): 56-59; H. Craig Peterson, "The Economics of Economics Journals: A Statistical Analysis of Pricing Practices by Publishers." College and Research Libraries 53 (March 1992): 176-181; John O. Christensen, "Do We Know What We Are Paying For? A Comparison of Journal Subscription Costs.'' Serials Review 19/2 (Summer 1993): 39-61.

10. Edward A. Dyl, "A Note on Price Discrimination by Academic Journals." Library Quarterly 53/2 (1983): 161-169; Patrick Joyce and Thomas E. Merz, "Price Discrimination in Academic Journals." Library Quarterly 55/3 (1985): 273-283; Patrick Joyce, "Price Discrimination in 'Top' Scientific Journals." Applied Economics 22/8 (1990): 1127-1135.

11. George A. Chressanthis and June D. Chressanthis, "A General Econometric Model of the Determinants of Library Subscription Prices of Scholarly Journals: The Role of Exchange Rate Risk and Other Factors." Library Quarterly 64/3 (1994): 270-293; George A. Chressanthis and June D. Chressanthis, "The Relationship between Manuscript Submission Fees and Journal Quality." Serials Librarian 24/1 (1993): 71-85.

12. Roger Noll and W. Edward Steinmueller, "An Economic Analysis of Scientific Journal Prices: Preliminary Results." Serials Review 18 (Spring/Summer 1992): 32-37.

13. George A. Chressanthis and June D. Chressanthis, "The Determinants of Library Subscription Prices of the Top-Ranked Economics Journals: An Econometric Analysis." Journal of Economic Education 25/4 (Fall 1994): 367-382.

14. S.J. Liebowitz, "Copying and Indirect Appropriability: Photocopying of Journals." Journal of Political Economy 93/5 (1985): 945-957.

15. For a fuller exploration of the issues that prescribe the study reported here, see Richard W. Meyer, "Monopoly Power and Electronic Journals." Library Quarterly 67/4 (October 1997): 325-349.

16. Edward Chamberlin, The Theory of Monopolistic Competition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1935; Jan Keppler, Monopolistic Competition Theory: Origins, Results, and Implications. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994.

17. Directory of Electronic Journals, Newsletters, and Academic Discussion List. Washington, D.C.: Association of Research Libraries, 1991-1996.

18. Steve Hitchcock, Leslie Carr; and Wendy Hall, "A Survey of STM Online Journals 1990-1995: The Calm Before the Storm." In D. Mogge, editor, Directory of Electronic Journals, Newsletters, and Academic Discussion List. 6th Edition. Washington, D.C.: Association of Research Libraries, 1996, 7-32.

19. Stephen P. Harter, "The Impact of Electronic Journals on Scholarly Communication: A Citation Analysis." The Public-Access Computer Systems Review 7, no. 5 (1996): 5-34. URL: http://info.lib.uh.edu/pr/u7/n5/hart7n5.html.

20. Adonis is a product of Adonis USA, 238 Main St., 5th Floor, Cambridge, MA; a wholly owned subsidiary of Elsevier.

21. Personal conversation with Karen Hunter, vice president of Elsevier, 15 February 1997.

22. George A. Chressanthis and June D. Chressanthis, "Publisher Monopoly Power and Third-Degree Price Discrimination of Scholarly Journals." Technical Services Quarterly 11/2(1993): 13-36.

23. This theory is based on the classic work by Abba Lerner, "The Concept of Monopoly and the Measurement of Monopoly Power." Review of Economic Studies (June 1934): 157-175.

24. John R. Hayes, "The Internet's First Victim?" Forbes 156/14 (December 18, 1995): 200-201.

25. The Associated Colleges of the South includes: Birmingham Southern, Centenary, Centre, Furman, Hendrix, Millsaps, Morehouse (Atlanta University Center), Rhodes, University of Richmond, Rollins, Southwestern, University of the South, and Trinity.

26. Two variations in the dependent variable will be used: the net difference and the index of monopoly power after the work of Lerner.

27. Chressanthis and Chressanthis, "Publisher Monopoly Power," 13-36.