Index
Unless otherwise indicated, references to "Knowland" are to William F. Knowland.
A
Abrams, Sol, 27
Acheson, Dean, 82 -83, 86 , 91 -92, 93 -94, 100
Adams, Earl C., 121
Adams, Robert D., 102
Adams, Sherman, 197
on Eisenhower, 136 , 138 , 152 , 177 , 191 -92
on Johnson, 207
on Knowland, 121 , 136 , 138 , 210
on Soviet launch of Sputnik,212
Ad Hoc Committee to End Discrimination, 275 -76
AFL (American Federation of Labor), 63 -64, 236 -37
AFL-CIO, 244
Agee, James R., 24
Ahmanson, Howard, 163
Aiken, George, 79
Alameda County (California), 63 -64, 278
Alameda Good Government Club (California), 8
Alameda Naval Air Station (California), 39
Alameda Newspaper Group, 306
Alameda Times-Star,64
Alexander, Holmes, 177
Allen, John, 16 , 29
Allen, John J., 16
Alpert, Hollis, 51
Alsop, Joseph, 69
America magazine, 180
American Federation of Labor (AFL), 63 -64, 236 -37
American Newspaper Guild, 262
American way of life, 34 , 41 -43
Anderson, Clinton, 214 -15
Anderson, Kenneth, 303
antiwar/antidraft demonstrations, 273
Arbuthnot, Ray, 107 , 163
Asia. See Far East
Associated Press, 234
Aswan Dam (Egypt), 202 , 207 -8
Atlas Shrugged (Rand), 256 -57
Atomic Energy Committee, 67
atomic warfare, 166 , 173 -74, 186
Attlee, Clement, 98
B
Badger, Oscar, 83
Bad Neuenahr (Germany), 48
Baker, Howard, 137
Baldwin, Raymond, 79
Bancroft, Griffing, 228 -29
Bank of America, 39
Barkell, Robert, 235
Barkley, Alben, 165
Baxter, Gilbert Michael, 302 -3
Baxter, Leone, 23 , 61 , 242 , 246
Bay Area Rapid Transit, 267
Beary, Mary, 161
Beasley, Delilah L., 22
Bechtel, Steve, 266 -67, 296
Bell, Alfonso, 237
Bell, Jack, 124 , 138 , 182 , 204 , 234
Benedict, Marjorie, 229
Beritzhoff, Bob, 297
Berkeley Daily Gazette,64
Berlin, 70
Black, Hugo, 146
Blackburn, Bob, 295 -96
Black Panthers, 277 -78, 295
Board of Port Commissioners (Oakland, Calif.), 17
Bohlen, Charles E. ("Chip"), 127 -28
Borders, Myram, 286
Bow, Frank, 210
Bow resolution, 210 -11
Brennan, Bernard, 111 , 270
Brennan, Walter, 271
Brewster, Owen D., 86
Bricker, John W., 63 , 74 , 120 , 134 , 143 -44
Bricker Amendment, 143 -45
Bridges, Styles, 63 , 134
as Appropriations Committee chairman, 133
helps MacArthur, 100
opposes China's admission to UN, 130 -31
supports Nationalist Chinese, 83 , 88
Bright, Tom, 246
Britain. See Great Britain
Brown, Donaldson, 249
Brown, Edmund G. ("Pat"), 164
appoints Salinger to Senate, 270
campaign spending, 246
criticized by Knowland, 248
criticizes Knowland, 244 , 247 , 249
endorses Engle, 238
establishes California Democratic Council, 162
gubernatorial race, 231 , 250 , 253 , 254
on Nixon, 258
praises Knowland, 263
Brown, Worth, 235
Brownell, Herbert, 109 , 115 , 116 , 145 -46, 213 , 218 -19
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas,152
Buckley, William, Jr., 194
Bunker, Ellsworth, 198
Burger, Warren, 118 -19
Burke, Thomas A., 148
Burkett, William A., 252
Byrd, Harry F., 215
C
Cairo Declaration (1943), 91
Caldecott, Tom, 163
California
growth, 81
highway funding, 25
labor problems, 24
lynchings, 22
water/power, 81 , 236 , 244 , 245
see also East Bay; Los Angeles; Oakland; San Francisco
California Circles, 27
California Congress of Industrial Organization, 244
California Democratic Council (CDC), 162
California Federation of Labor, 236 -37
California Park Commission, 18
California Republican Assembly (CRA), 26 , 162 , 237 -38
Call, Asa, 237
Cambodia, 168
campaign strategies. See election strategies
Campbell, William W., 21
Camp Wallace (Texas), 32
capitalism, 57
Capitol Cloakroom,228 -29
Carlson, Frank, 156
Carnahan committee, 26
Carney, Robert, 185
Carter, Lee, 289 , 304 , 306
Carter, Oliver J., 62
Case, Clifford, 139
Case, Francis, 156
Cater, Douglass, 141
Caylor, Arthur, 49
CDC (California Democratic Council), 162
Central Valley Project (California), 81 , 236 , 244
Chamberlain, Neville, 68
Chandler, Harry, 14 , 24
Chandler, Norman, 242
Chennault, Claire, 85
Chiang Kai-shek, 75 , 81 , 85 , 87 , 89 , 186 ;
see also Nationalist Chinese
Chiang Kai-shek, Madame, 85 , 87
China, mainland, 68 -69
admission to UN, 89 , 127 , 130 -31, 147 , 169 , 170 -71
Communist takeover, 86 , 87
explodes atomic bomb, 273
and Great Britain, 89
imprisons U.S. airmen, 177 -78, 183 , 187
imprisons Ward and associates, 84 -85
and Korean War, 89
and Nationalist Chinese, 75 -77, 81 , 82 , 85 -86, 127 , 185 -87
peace talks with United States, 185 -87
proclaimed People's Republic, 84
threatens Formosa Strait, 172 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 187
U.S. recognition, 83 , 84 , 86 , 87 , 89 , 92
China Lobby, 87 -89, 126 -27, 177
Chotiner, Murray, 29
aids Knowland, 59 -60, 61
aids Nixon, 59 , 115 -16, 117 , 163
joins Warren delegation, 107
Chou En-lai, 84 , 185 , 186 ;
see also China, mainland
Christian Century,180
Christopher, George, 238 , 243 , 271
Chungking (China), 85 , 86
Church, Frank, 182
Church, George, 301
Churchill, Winston, 169
City Hall Plaza (Oakland, Calif.), 14
civil rights, ix , 58 , 213 -19
Civil Rights Commission, 217
Clark, Joseph S., 215
Clark, William A., 247 , 251
Clay, Lucius, 109
Cleaveland, Agnes Morely, 27
Clements, Earle, 188
Cleveland, Brad, 275
coal miners' strike (1946), 57
Cobb, Lawrence, 27
coexistence policy, 174 -75, 176 , 179
cold war, 176 ;
see also coexistence policy
Collier's magazine, 173
Collins, King, 299 , 300
Cologne (Germany), 47
colonialism, 170
Combined Communications, 305 -6
Committee for Republican Victory, 232
Committee of One Million, 127
communism
China (see China, mainland)
conspiracy theory, 86
Korean War, 89 , 95 -97, 99 -101
political strategy of attacking/uncovering, 61 -62, 64 , 93 -94
spread of, 66 , 68 -69, 70 , 72
U.S. policy toward, 68 -69, 75 , 76 , 81 , 82 , 99 -100
Vietnam War, 166 , 167
Congress. See U.S. Congress; U.S. House of Representatives; U.S. Senate
Connally, Tom, 87 , 91
Contra Costa County (California), 278
Cook, Clarke. See Knowland, Clarice
COPE (Council on Political Education), 244
CRA (California Republican Assembly), 26 , 162 , 237 -38
Cranston, Alan, 162 , 231 -32, 238 , 270
Crawford, Harry J., 232
crime syndicates, 286 , 295
Cristina, Vernon J., 241
Crocker, Roy, 107
cross-filing, 60 , 103 -4, 162 , 263
Cuthbertson, Robert, 278
Czechoslovakia, 66
D
Daily Californian,276
Daily People's World,64
Daily Times (Oakland, Calif.), 5
Daly, Ed, 296
Daly, Phil, 293
Dargie, Herminia Peralta, 13 , 15 -16
Dargie, William E., 13 , 16
Darrow, Clarence, 24
Davies, Lawrence, 263
Davis, George, 24
Davis, M. Philip, 235
Day, Roy, 107 , 110
debate, limitations on, 58 , 214 -15, 216
debt reduction, 67 -68
Delap, Tony, 120
Democratic Party, 24
California Democratic Council, 162
on civil rights, 214 , 215 , 216 -17
conservative shift, 117
dominates Congress, 55 -56, 165 , 200 -201
gains control of California, 162 , 164
liberal/conservative factions, 60
1954 elections, 162 , 164
Senate seats, 75 , 165
on Vietnam, 167 , 169
Dewes, Benet A., 5
Dewey, Tom, 29 , 31 , 36 , 73 -74, 109 , 119 , 191 -92
de Young, Michael, 14
Dickson, Ann. See Knowland, Ann
Dickson, Ruth (mother-in-law), 294
Dien Bien Phu (French Indochina), 168 , 169
Dinkelspiel, John, 235
Dirksen, Everett McKinley, 99 , 134 , 157
domino theory, 69 , 97
Douglas, Helen Gahagan, 94 , 95
Douglas, Paul, 75 , 215 -16
Downey, Sheridan, 72 , 78 , 94
Doyle, Donald, 237
draft, military, 32 , 273
Drown, Jack, 107 , 112
Duff, James H., 99
Dulles, Allen, 128
Dulles, Foster Rhea, 88
Dulles, John Foster, 149
on coexistence, 176
on Indochina, 166 -68
on Japan's jurisdiction over Girard, 210
and Knowland, 47 -48, 126 , 171 , 183
peace talks with China, 185 -87
on Suez crisis, 202 -3
supports Bohlen, 127
urges sanctions against Israel, 204 -5, 207
on U.S. recognition of China, 183
du Pont, Pierre S., III , 249
E
East Bay (California), 39 , 63 , 273 ;
see also Oakland
Eastbay Today,306
East Germany, 70
Eastland, James O., 215
EDA (Economic Development Administration), 277
Editorial Employee Association, 262
education bonds, 291
Egypt, 203 , 207 -8, 209 ;
see also Suez Canal
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 82 , 225
accepts Knowland's appointment as majority leader, 134 -35
appoints Warren chief justice, 145 -46
on Aswan Dam project, 202
on Bricker Amendment, 144
on China's admission to UN, 130 -31, 170 -71
civil rights bill, 213 , 216 , 217 -19
coexistence policy, 174 -75, 176 , 179
on Communists' imprisonment of U.S. airmen, 177 -78, 183
and Congress, 217
conservative stance, 208 , 209
on Democratic control of Congress, 165
Eisenhower Doctrine, 203 -4
on Formosa Resolution, 183 -84
health, 189 , 197 , 199
on Israel, 207
and Johnson, 138 -39
on Knight's Senate bid, 242 , 243
Knowland criticized by, 151 -52, 170 , 171 , 178
Knowland defends against critics, 182 , 217
Knowland disagrees with, 125 , 136 -38, 172 , 211 , 234
Knowland endorses for governor, 248
Knowland on Eisenhower's experience, 126
Knowland opposes budget, 208
Knowland opposes foreign policy, 146 -48, 170 , 176 , 177 -80
Knowland praised by, ix , 150 , 219
Knowland supports programs, 172 , 208 , 240
on Korean War, 126
on McCarthy, 153 -54, 158
on Mutual Security Appropriation, 137 -38
on Nixon, 111
nominates Bohlen as ambassador, 127 -28
nominates Knowland as UN ambassador, 198
nominates Nixon as running mate, 119 , 121 -22
nominates Warren to Supreme Court, 123
on party unity, 209
political experience of, 125 -26
presidency, 105 , 106 , 124 , 188 -89, 191 -93, 195 -96, 197 -99
runs for president, 113 , 117 -19
sends aid to South Vietnam, 69
on Soviet Union's shooting down navy jet, 171 -72
on space race, 211 -12
on speaking openly about foreign policy, 177 -78
on Status of Forces Treaty, 209 -11
and Taft, 125 -26
tape-records conversations, 171
on Vietnam, 168 -69
on water projects bill, 245
Eisenhower, Milton, 191
Eisenhower Doctrine, 203 -4
Eklund, Nils, 296
election strategies
coalition delegations, 191 , 199 -200
contributions from lobbyists, 102
cross-filing, 60 , 103 -4, 162 , 263
debates, 225
Fair Play Amendment, 118
fighting communism, 61 -62, 103
negative campaigns, 59 , 61
Emergency Aid Program, 71
employment issues, 57 -58, 63 , 151 , 276 -77
England. See Great Britain
Engle, Clair, 238 , 257 , 258 , 269 , 270
Ervin, Sam, 156
Eskenberry, Joanne, 298
European Recovery Program (Marshall Plan), 70 , 72 -73, 75
Ewald, William, Jr., 129
F
Fair Employment Practice Commission, 57 -58
family unit, 34
Farberman, Harold, 296
Far East, 68 -69, 75 -76
Hoover's seven-point plan, 90
see also specific countries
Faries, McIntyre, 53 , 106 -7, 120 , 123
Farrell, Harry, 265
Farris, Bertha, 298
FBI
investigates Bohlen, 127 -28
investigates death threat against Knowland, 296
on Knowland's prospects for a comeback, 269
warns Knowland about kidnapping, 295
Federal Communications Act, 225
Ferreus, 173 -74
Fife, Ellie. See Knowland, Ellie
filibustering, 58 , 214 -15, 216 , 218
Fisher, Charles W., 27 , 28 -29
Flanders, Ralph, 79 , 153 , 154 -55
foreign policy, 46 , 53
China, 83 -84 (see also China; Far East; Formosa; Nationalist Chinese)
coexistence, 174 -75, 176 , 179
communism, 68 -69, 75 , 76 , 81 , 82 , 99 -100
disposal of military property, 58
dollars-for-resources policy, 71
domino theory, 69 , 97
Eisenhower Doctrine, 203 -4
Europe, 70 -71, 81 , 99 -100, 137 -38
foreign loans, 58
France, 149 , 166 -67, 168 , 169 , 173
Indochina, 166 -67, 168 , 170 , 173 (see also specific countries )
isolationism, 55 , 99 , 170
Japan and Okinawa, 149
Korea, 95 -97, 99 -101, 147 , 173
Marshall Plan, 70 , 72 -73, 75
nuclear warfare, 166 , 173 -74, 186
Russia/Soviet Union, 47 , 51 , 62 , 68 , 69 (see also Soviet Union)
Sino-American peace talks, 185 -87
Status of Forces Treaty, 209 -11
Truman Doctrine, 70
Vietnam, 166
see also State Department
Formosa, 90 -93, 167
Committee of One Million, 127
Formosa Resolution, 172 -73, 183 -85
United States does not intervene, 90 -91, 92
see also Nationalist Chinese
Fort Benning (Georgia), 34
Fort Lewis (Washington), 35
Fortnight magazine, 61 -62, 78 -79
Foster, Marcus, 295 -96
Foulkes, Edward T., 14
France
aids Israeli invasion of Egypt, 203
and Indochina, 149 , 166 -67, 168 , 169
Frankfurter, Felix, 146
Frawley, Patrick J., 271
Frost, Dudley, 44 , 259 , 297
"Full Employment" bill, 57
G
Gannett Corporation, 306
Gardiner Mill Company (Oakland, Calif.), 5
Garner, John Nance, 189
General Petroleum, 102
Geneva Conference, 166 -68, 169
George, Walter, 184 , 185
Germany, 47 , 70
Gibbons, John S., 61
Gillett, James, 9
Girard, William S., 209 -10, 211
Gleason, James, 96 , 143 , 145 , 161 , 162 , 227 , 228 , 253
Goldberg, Jacqueline, 275 , 276
Golden State Warriors, 267
Goldwater, Barry, 124 , 137 , 269 , 270 -72, 273
Gordon, Guy, 70
Gore, Albert, Sr., 124
Gothberg, John A., 17
Great Britain
and China, 89 , 169
London, 44
refuses involvement in Indochina, 167
and Suez crisis, 202 -3
Great Depression, 23
Greece, 66 , 68
Green, Theodore F., 70
Greenberg, Alex Louis, 250
Griffin, Allen, 76 , 87
Griffith, Robert, 159
Grimm, Roy, 301
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 167
H
Hagerty, James C., 138 , 151 , 158 , 170 , 182 , 191 -92, 198
Haight, Raymond, 23
Hakel, Arthur, 22 -23
Hall, Len, 197
Hall, Martin, 163
Hammarskjold, Dag, 183
Harding, Warren G., 231 , 264
Harriman, Averill, 192
Hayden, Major Martin, 48
Hayes, Edward C., 17
Hayes, Elinor, 18
Hearst, Patty, 295 , 301
Hearst newspapers, 241
Heney, Francis J., 9 -10
Henshaw, Frederick W., 9
Herrick, Estelle (mother-in-law), 21
Herrick, Helen Davis. See Knowland, Helen
Hickenlooper, Bourke, 186
Highland Hospital (Oakland, Calif.), 14
highway funding, 25
Hillings, Patrick J., 107 , 238
Hinshaw, Carl, 190
Hiss, Alger, 82 , 93 -94, 127
Hitler, Adolph, 68
Ho Chi Minh, 149
Hoffman, Paul G., 198
Holifield, Chet, 102
home construction, 39 -40
Hoover, Herbert, 27 , 49 , 50
opposes China's admission to UN, 127
seven-point Far East plan, 90
writes to Helen Knowland, 225 -26
Hoover, J. Edgar, 128
Hope, Dave, 18 , 280
Hopper, Hedda, 271
Houlihan, John, 277
House of Representatives. See U.S. House of Representatives
Houser, Frederick, 49 , 50
Human Events,196
Humphrey, Hubert, 75 , 139 , 198 , 215 -16, 217
Hungary, 66 , 203 , 204 , 206
I
Ickes, Harold L., 16
Incres Line, 288 -89
India, 147
Indochina, 166 -67, 168 , 170 ;
see also specific countries
inflation, 71
Inter American Defense pact, 71
international relations. See foreign policy
Irving, Carl, 275
isolationism, 55 , 99 , 170
Israel, 202 , 203 , 204 -5, 206 -7, 209
Ives, Irving, 79
J
Jackson, Henry, 124
Jackson, William J., 146
Jaeger, Bill, 161
Jahnsen, Oscar, 26
Japan, 30 , 93 , 149 , 209 -10
Jenkins, Walter, 140
Jenner, William E., 63 , 156
Jewett, Emelyn (née Knowland) (daughter)
attends father and Ann's wedding, 288
campaigns for father, 245
concerned about father's health, 298 -99, 300 -301
death, 306
on father's presidential ambitions, 115
on father's relationship with Nixon, 122 -23
on father's vice presidential ambitions, 199
on grandfather's anger at father, 230 -31
marries Harold Jewett, 224
offers father help with Evelyn Kelley, 274
as president of Oakland Tribune board of directors, 305
searches for father, 302 -3
takes father to hospital after his collapse, 288
Jewett, Harold (son-in-law), 224 , 288 , 293 , 298 -99, 302 -3, 306
Jewett, Harold, III (grandson), 303
John Birch Society, 271 , 273
Johnson, Edwin C., 156 , 170
Johnson, Gardiner, 30
Johnson, Hiram, 60
cross-filing, 263
death, 49
declines vice presidency, 115 , 264
health, 41
isolationism of, 50
and Knowland, 41
Oakland Tribune endorses, 13
as Progressive, 9 , 10 , 13
Johnson, Lyndon B., 66 , 75 , 135 , 176 , 215
and Eisenhower, 138 -39
health, 187 -88
and Knowland, 139 -41, 185 , 187 -88, 229 , 250 , 261
on Korean War, 167
leadership style, 142 -43
on McCarthy censure, 155 -56
opposes China's admission to UN, 169
opposes sanctions against Israel, 207
presidency, 265 , 273
as Senate majority leader, 165 , 201
sends troops to Vietnam, 101
supports civil rights bill, 214 , 215 -16, 218
supports Eisenhower's programs, 138 -39
on Taft's death, 134
vice presidential nomination, 264 -65
Joint (congressional) Economic Committee, 57
Jordan, Frank, 253
Jorgensen, Frank, 107 , 112 , 116
Judd, Walter H., 88 , 113 , 127
Justice Department, 213 -14, 218
K
Kahn's department store (California), 63
Kaiser, Edgar, 266 -67, 296
Kaiser, Henry, 39
Kaiser, Leland, 271
Kaiser Industries, 39
Kamp, Joseph: Meet the Man Who Plans to Rule America,248 -49
Katcher, Leo, 53
Kefauver, Estes, 75 , 175 , 184 , 189 , 192
Kelley, Evelyn, 273 -74, 306
Kelly, Mike, 25
Kennedy, Edward, 280
Kennedy, John F., 66 , 94 , 124 , 142 , 227
Nixon debates with, 225
presidency/assassination, 264 , 265 , 270
role in Vietnam War, 167
Kennedy, Joseph, 94
Kenny, Robert, 59
Kent, Roger, 231
Kerckhoff-Cuzner Mill and Lumber Company (Oakland, Calif.), 5
Kerr, Clark, 275
Kerr, Robert, 75
Khrushchev, Nikita, 263 , 273
kidnapping, 295 , 301
Kirkpatrick, Del, 269
Kirkwood, Robert, 231 , 238 , 247
KLX radio station, 14 , 262
Knight, Goodwin ("Goodie"), 192 , 226 , 230
as governor, 162 -63
gubernatorial race, 234 -35, 241 -42, 242 -43, 256
and Knowland, 231 , 235
Knowland criticized by, 238 -39, 240 , 244 , 258
Knowland criticizes, 235 , 236
Knowland meets with, 246 -47
Knowland not supported by, 249 -50
on Knowland's bid for governor, 232 , 233 , 234
and Nixon, 189 -91, 195 -96, 199 -200, 234 , 236 , 242 -43
opposes right-to-work legislation, 237 , 238 -39
Senate race, 242 , 246 , 270
supports Rockefeller, 271
Knight, Virginia, 242
Knowland, Ann (née Dickson) (second wife), 2 , 274
as abusive/demanding, 284 , 287 , 288 -89, 297 , 301
accuses Knowland of misconduct with her daughter, 291 -92
affair with Knowland, 283 , 285 , 287
appearance, 283 , 284
attends Oakland Tribune centennial celebration, 299
concerned about Knowland's health, 300
death, 306
drinking, 283 , 284 , 288 , 290 , 294 , 297
gambling, 286
head injury, 294
honeymoon with Knowland, 288 -89
Knowland files for divorce, 294
life in Las Vegas, 285 , 286 , 292
marriage to Knowland, 287 , 288
marriage to Lawrence Sessinghaus, 284
marriage to Jack Wilson, 285
relationship with her children, 284 , 285 , 287 -88, 294
relationship with Nick Lorenzo, 285
relationship with Sargents, 291 , 296 , 297
spending habits/demands, 291 , 292 -93
threatens to destroy Oakland Tribune,293
threatens to divorce Knowland, 293
Knowland, Clarice (née Cook; "Cookie") (stepmother), 224 , 299
Knowland, Dolores (née Beall; "Dee") (daughter-in-law), 224 , 225 , 245 , 307
Knowland, Eleanor (sister), 7 , 11 , 259 , 306
Knowland, Ellie (née Fife) (mother), 7 , 50
Knowland, Emelyn (daughter). See Jewett, Emelyn
Knowland, Emelyn (née West; "Mamoo") (stepmother), 10 -11, 21 , 43 -44, 224
Knowland, Estelle (daughter), 239 , 253 , 289 , 307
campaigns for father, 245
concerned about father's health, 299 -300
on father's influence, 266
on father's political shift, 281
relationship with father, 290 -91, 301
Knowland, Hannah (née Russell) (grandmother), 4
Knowland, Helen (née Herrick) (first wife), 239
appearance, 222
as "brutal friend," 281
campaigns for Knowland, 245
criticizes Knight, 251
death, 306
distributes Kamp pamphlets, 248 -49
financial problems, 226
Knowland borrows money from, 296
Knowland divorces, 287
on Knowland's Senate appointment, 54
Madame Baltimore,222 -23
marital problems, 36 , 37 -38, 233 , 259
marries Knowland, 21
meets Knowland, 12
on Nixon, 114 , 116
political duties, 43 , 49 , 80
relationship with Emelyn Knowland, 43 -44
relationship with Blair Moody, 49 , 221 , 222 , 224
suicide attempt, 225 -26
visits Far East, 84 , 85
Knowland, J. R., Jr. (Russ) (brother), 7 , 11 , 21 , 225 , 230 , 259 , 261
Knowland, Joe (son), 307
concerned about father's health, 298 -99, 300
difficulty talking with father, 80
dislikes Ann Knowland, 291
as editor/publisher of Oakland Tribune,305
education, 226
father favors Manolis, 161 , 262 , 281
father holds him back on Oakland Tribune,261 -62, 281
on father's gambling, 282
on father's personality, 260 -61
lack of attention from father, 23
marriage to Dolores Beall, 224
on mother's anger, 222
named Publisher of the Year, 305
offers father help with Evelyn Kelley, 274
on parents' divorce, 287
refuses to attend father and Ann's wedding, 288
Knowland, Joseph (grandfather), 4 -5, 12
Knowland, Joseph R. ("Papoo") (father), 4 , 5 , 6 , 253
celebrates Knowland's Senate appointment, 52
control of Oakland Tribune,13 -14, 15 -17
death, 278
health, 278
influence of, 17 -18, 19 , 24
journalism career of, 7 , 13 , 15 , 23
Knowland as favorite child of, 11 , 259 -60
on Knowland's running for governor, 230 -31
marriage to Clarice Cook, 224
marriage to Ellie Fife, 7
marriage to Emelyn West, 10 -11
net worth of, 40
on newspaper strike, 64
Nixon criticized by, 195
political career of, 7 -10, 13
on politics and journalism, 18 -19
supports Knowland, 34 , 35 , 59 , 60 , 116 , 195 -96, 262
supports Nixon, 94 -95
supports Panama Canal construction, 8
supports Port of Oakland development, 17
supports Warren, 25 -26, 30
Knowland, Joseph Russell, III ("Jay") (nephew), 261
Knowland, Joseph W. (Emelyn Knowland's grandson), 10
Knowland, Norma (sister-in-law), 261
Knowland, Patricia ("Tish") (niece), 261
Knowland, Penny (niece), 261
Knowland, Russ. See Knowland, J. R., Jr.
Knowland, Ruth Ann. See Knowland, Ann
Knowland, William F.
army career
attends School of Military Government, University of Virginia, 41
discharge, 53
enters Officer Candidate School, 33 -34
joins U.S. Army, 31 -33
loneliness and distance from family, 33 , 36 , 37 -38, 45 -46
prepares for transfer to Europe, 38 -39, 41
"Soldier's Christmas--1942, A," 34 -35
stationed in Europe, 45 -47
character
aloofness, 140 -41, 142 , 143
brashness, 67
code of respect/courtesy, 71 -72, 79 , 86 -87
compassion, 279
discomfort/shyness with people, ix , 80 , 104 , 143 , 160 , 221 , 251 , 259
egocentricity, 251
energy/diligence, 67 , 143 , 246 , 248
insecurity, 259
integrity/honor, 48 , 56 -57, 67 , 80 , 115 , 116 , 122 -23, 137 , 158 -59, 182 , 188 , 196 -97, 219 , 229 , 246 , 248
intelligence, 246
rudeness/tactlessness, 80 , 245
seriousness, 96 , 142 , 248
stubbornness/determination, 56 , 67 , 87 , 133 , 137 , 152 , 161 , 246 , 248 , 256
early political life
as assemblyman, 22
on California State Republican Central Committee, 22
as Republican National Committee member, 27 -28
as state senator, 24 -25
in youth, 11 -12, 20 -21, 260
education
attends School of Military Government, University of Virginia, 41
attends University of California at Berkeley, 21
family/personal life
appetite, 290
becomes morose/quiet, 296 -97, 298 , 300 -301
birth, 7 , 10
collapses from high blood pressure, 294
dependence on father, 260
distance from family, 259
divorces Helen, 287
drinking, 2 , 283
fears kidnapping, 295 -96
financial problems, 2 , 36 , 68 , 220 , 226 -27, 286 -87, 290 , 292 -93
funeral service, 304
gambling, 2 , 281 -83, 286 , 287 , 295
hobbies/interests, 220 , 260 -61
marries Ann Dickson, 287 , 288 (see also Knowland, Ann)
marries Helen Herrick, 21 (see also Knowland, Helen)
obsession with death, 289 , 293 , 295
reacts to political failure, 255 -58
refuses medical help, 298 , 299 -300, 301
relationship with his children (see Jewett, Emelyn; Knowland, Estelle; Knowland, Joe)
relationship with his stepchildren, 289 -90
returns to private life, 258 -59
sells Tribune Building Company shares, 296
suicide, 1 -3, 303 -4
tributes paid after his death, 304
weight problems, 220 , 263
women, extramarital relationships with, 36 , 220 , 222 , 224 , 226 , 227 , 233 , 256 , 261 , 273 -74, 283 , 289
foreign policy career, 81 -89
on Communists' imprisonment of U.S. airmen, 177 -78, 183
on Communist threat, 68 -69, 70 , 72 , 75 -77, 81 , 82 , 89 , 93 , 95 , 97 -98, 99 -100, 129 , 130 , 146 -47, 148 -49, 169 , 173 -76, 187
criticism of, 88
criticizes Truman, 82 , 83 , 95 , 101 , 103
criticizes UN, 205 -6
on France, 149 , 173
on Japan and Okinawa, 149
on Korea, 96 -97, 130 , 147 , 173 , 185 , 205 -6
on nuclear warfare, 174 , 175
opposes Acheson, 82 -83, 86 , 92 , 93 -94, 100
opposes British relations with China, 89
opposes China's admission to UN, 130 -31, 147
opposes Communist coalition, 85 -86
opposes Eisenhower, 176 -77, 185
opposes Geneva Convention agreement, 168
opposes sanctions against Israel, 204 -5, 206 -7
opposes Status of Forces Treaty, 210 , 211
on peaceful coexistence, 174 -75, 176
on peace negotiations with China, 186 , 187
protests arrest of Ward, 84 -85
on Soviet Union, 174 -75, 194
speeches, 86 , 92 , 101 , 174
on Suez crisis, 202 -3
supports Eisenhower, 172 , 179 , 208 , 240
supports MacArthur, 100
supports Nationalist Chinese, 75 -77, 87 -89, 92 -93, 127
supports Truman, 96 , 179
urges blockade of mainland China, 85 , 177
urges defense of Formosa, 90 , 92 , 172 -73, 175 , 183 -85
urges investigation of U.S. foreign policy, 82 -84
on Vietnam, 167 -68, 169 -70
visits Europe, 70 -71
visits Far East, 84 , 85 , 97 , 148
on World Wars I and II, 185
on Yalta Conference, 173 , 187
see also foreign policy
gubernatorial bid
accused of deal with Knight to switch jobs, 242 , 243 , 244
accuses Democrats of underworld connections, 250
announces candidacy, 234 , 239
antilabor stance, 236 -37, 238 , 240 -41, 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 249 -50, 256
blames himself, 256
blames Nixon, 242 -43, 255 -56
blames unions, 258
campaigns from Senate office, 243 -44, 245 -46, 247
campaigns in California, 233 , 235 , 237 , 248 , 249 , 252 -53
campaign style, 241
considers running, 230 -32
criticized by Brown, 249
criticized in press, 244 -45
criticizes Brown, 248 , 251
damaged by Helen Knowland's actions, 248 -49, 251 -52, 255
Eisenhower endorses, 248
freighter trip to reflect on defeat, 255 -57
loses election, 253 -54
loss predicted, 250
meets with Knight, 246 -47
newspaper endorsements, 252
opposes Eisenhower's programs, 234
spending, 246
as stepping-stone to presidency, 231 , 232 , 233 -34, 239 -40, 244
supports Republican candidates, 246 , 247 , 250
on water conservation, 236 , 244
"Worker and Bill Knowland, The," 241
journalism career at Oakland Tribune
as editor, 235
as assistant publisher, 259 , 261 , 262 -63
attends centennial celebration, 298 -99
attends 1960 conventions, 264
begins working, 21
considers selling newspaper, 295
dictatorial attitude with editors, 295
elevator encounters with employees, 268
forces sale of holdings, 291
opposes cross-filing, 263
opposes inviting Khrushchev to United States, 263
opposes taxing advertising, 263
praised by Brown, 263
predicts Johnson vice presidential nomination, 264 -65
as publisher, 278 -79, 287
publishes photos of nuclear bomb test, 265
supports education, 291
supports Nixon, 263 -64
supports press access to Red China, 263
on unemployment and racial unrest, 277
political life after Senate retirement
advises Murphy, 280
campaigns for Goldwater, 269 , 270 -72, 273
civil rights stance, 272 -73
comeback rumored, 268 -69
discourages right-to-work movement, 281
moves toward left, 281
on Nixon's trip to China, 281
Senate career
announces retirement, 228 -30
campaigns for first full term, 25 , 59 -62
campaigns for second full term, 102 -4
committee work, 58 , 66 -67, 125 , 212
considers/considered for presidency, 80 , 152 , 160 , 163 , 188 -89, 191 , 192 -96, 198 -99 (see also under "gubernatorial bid" above )
considers/considered for vice presidency, 114 -17, 121 , 189 , 199
constituents' letters, 56 , 161 -62
criticizes Truman, 103
damaged in 1954 national election, 164 -65
defends Eisenhower, 182 , 217
desires presidency, 115
freshman period, 56 -59
junior period, 78 -79
leadership style, 141 -42, 143
learns hardball politics, 72
leaves Senate, 257
as majority leader, 132 -40, 148 , 150 , 161 , 177 -79, 181
on McCarthyism, 155 -59
as minority leader, 165 , 201
new offices near Senate Office Building, 79 -80
opposes changes in Senate rules, 214 -15
opposes McCarthy, 153 -54
opposes Nixon, 189 -90
predicts 1948 presidential race, 73 -74
reacts to Warren's Supreme Court decisions, 152 -53
right-wing/conservative stance, 85 , 141 -42, 196 , 208
senior period, 102 -4
on space race, 211 -12
supports Bricker Amendment, 144
supports civil rights bill, 213 , 215 -16, 217 , 218 -19, 273
supports Dulles for ambassador, 127 -28
supports Eisenhower, 123
supports Nixon, 119 -20, 121 , 122 -23
supports Warren, 105 -6, 108 -9, 112 -15, 119 , 123 , 145 , 146
swearing in, 54
tries to gain control of Republican Party, 162 -63
as UN ambassador, 198
Warren appoints him, 50 -53, 59
Warren endorses his candidacy, 59 -60
"Knowland for President . . . If . . . Committee," 193
Kohlberg, Alfred, 88
Korean War
Communists intervene, 89
declared police action, 96
Eisenhower on, 126
Johnson on, 167
Knowland on, 173
neutral countries, 147
North Korea attacks South Korea, 95
Truman's handling of, 96 -97, 100 -101
U.S. resources/spending, 95 , 99 , 205 -6
Krock, Arthur, 170
Kuchel, Thomas H., 199
attends Knowland's funeral, 304
becomes California's senior senator, 257 , 269
Knowland pressures him to support Goldwater, 271 -72
sponsors Central Valley Project funding bill, 244
supports Knight, 163
supports Knowland, 240
supports Warren, 106
Kuest, Frank H., 56
L
labor issues, 57 -58, 80 -81, 236 -37, 238 -39, 240 -41, 244
labor problems, 24
Landon, Alf, 26
Langer, William, 146 , 184
Laos, 168
Lapham, Roger, 87
Larsen, Frances, 237
Last Hurrah, The,253
Las Vegas, 285 -86
Lattimore, Owen, 81
Lausche, Frank, 148 , 201
Lavin, Natalie, 302
Lehman, Herbert, 184
Leissring, John C., 303
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich, 103
Lesher, Dean, 278 -79
Levy, Leo, 44
Lewis, Austin, 24
Lewis, John L., 57
Lippman, Walter, 234
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 79 , 113 , 124 , 198 , 207
London, 44
Long, Russell B., 142
Long Beach Press-Telegram,251
Look magazine, 163 -64
Lorenzo, Nick, 285
Los Angeles
school legislation, 25
water, 81
Watts riots, 276
Los Angeles County Democratic Central Committee, 62
Los Angeles Herald Express,252
Los Angeles Times,29
on Knowland's Senate appointment, 52
political influence of, 14 , 23 , 26 , 94
pressures Knight to drop out of governor's race, 242
supports Knowland, 241
Lowe, Frank, 235
Loy, Myrna, 252
Luce, Claire Booth, 48
Luce, Henry R., 88 , 115
lynchings, 22 , 58
M
MacArthur, Douglas, 83 , 85 , 92 , 96 , 100
Madame Baltimore (Helen Knowland), 222 -23
Malone, Dumas, 86
Malone, George, 63
Mankiewicz, Frank, 233
Manolis, Elene, 288
Manolis, Paul G.
appointed executive editor of Oakland Tribune,262
best man at Knowland and Ann's wedding, 288
concerned about Knowland's health, 296 -97, 298 , 300
as confidant and friend of Knowland, 161 , 255 , 260 , 261 , 263 , 281 -82
on decline of Oakland Tribune,279
as director of Oakland Museum and Oakland Symphony, 267
as director of Patriarchal Orthodox Institute, 306
gathers Knowland's papers, 306
keeps Knowland informed in Senate, 227
with Knowland after gubernatorial defeat, 257 , 258
on Knowland and Johnson at 1960 Democratic convention, 264
on Knowland's bid for governor, 228 , 234 , 242 , 252
on Knowland's gambling, 281 -82
on Knowland's vice presidential ambitions, 115
unaware of Knowland's whereabouts on day of suicide, 303
Mansfield, Mike, 124
Mao Tse-tung, 75 , 84 , 85
Marshall, George, 75 , 77
Marshall Plan (European Recovery Program), 70 , 72 -73, 75
Martin, Antonio Rodriguez, 15
Martin, Joe, 130 -31
Martin, Joseph, Jr., 271
Massey, Raymond, 271
Matsu, 172 , 183 , 184 , 185
Maynard, Robert, 306
McCarran, Patrick, 83 , 88
McCarthy, John ("Jack"), 163 , 271
McCarthy, Joseph, 63 , 127 , 133 , 134
allegations on communism, 128 -29, 153 -54, 156 -57
alleges communist influence in government, 128 -29
attacks Eisenhower for Republican losses, 181 -82
censured by Senate, 154 -56, 157 -59
Defense Department report on, 151
and Knowland, 129 -30
supporters, 156 -57
McCarthy, Robert I., 238
McConnell, Geraldine, 22
McConnell, James E., 52
McCormac, Keith, 107 , 120
McDavid, Robert C., 231
McKeen, Estelle. See Knowland, Estelle
McKinnon, Clinton, 104
McLeod, Scott, 127
McMahon, Patrick, 160
McNab, John, 25
Mead Committee (later Special Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program), 58 -59
Meany, George, 175
Meet the Man Who Plans to Rule America (Kamp), 248 -49
Meet Your Congress,221
Meibert, Virgil, 282
Meir, Golda, 207
Mellon, Thomas J., 111 -12
Merriam, Frank F., 23 , 24 , 25 , 237
Middle East, 68 -69, 81 , 209 ;
see also Eisenhower Doctrine;
Suez Canal
Milias, George, 237
military bases, 39
Miller, George, Jr., 162
Miller, William, 273
Millikin, Eugene, 67 , 125
miners' strike (1946), 57
minimum wage, 57
Mitchell, Greg, 23
Mitchell, Hugh B., 58
Mitchell, James P., 271
Monroney, Mike, 99
Montgomery Ward and Company, 39
Moody, Blair, 49 , 221 -22, 223 , 224 , 225 , 226
Moody, Ruth, 221 -22, 224 , 225 , 226 , 233 , 261 , 283
Mooney, Booth, 141
Mooney, Thomas J., 24
Moore, William, 235
Morse, Wayne, 79 , 124 , 135 , 148 , 173 , 184
Mosher, Clinton, 242
Mowry, George, 9
MSA (Mutual Security Appropriation), 137 -38
Murphy, George, 270 , 280
Murphy, Reginald, 295
Mutual Security Appropriation (MSA), 137 -38
N
Nagel, David, 303
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 202 , 207 -8;
see also Suez Canal
national debt, reduction of, 67 -68
Nationalist Chinese, 69
China Lobby, 87 -89, 126 -27, 177
and Communist China, 75 -77, 81 , 82 , 85 -86, 127 , 185 -87
U.S. aid to, 73 , 75 , 82 , 83 , 86 , 87 , 88 -89
National Review,194
Nation magazine, 61 , 88
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 99
Naval Supply Base (Oakland, Calif.), 39
Neuberger, Richard L., 165 , 217
New Deal, 27 , 55
News (Detroit), 221
newspaper strike (1946; East Bay, Calif.), 63 -64
Newsweek, 52 -53, 160
Newton, Huey, 277 -78
New York Post,121
New York Times,135 -36, 181 , 248 -49
Nichols, L. B., 128
Nixon, Richard M., 66 , 135 , 148 , 231 , 250
anticommunist reputation, 94 , 113
Checkers speech, 121 , 122
on civil rights bill, 216 , 217 -18
considers/considered for presidency, 163 , 189 -91, 192 , 238
considers/considered for vice presidency, 109 , 110 -11, 113 , 116 , 117 , 199 -200
criticizes State Department, 82
diplomatic relations with China, 83
elected to House, 63
Kennedy debates with, 225
and Knight, 189 -91, 195 -96, 199 -200, 234 , 236 , 242 -43
and Knowland, 163 -64, 235 -36, 238 , 267 -68
Knowland supports, 263 -64
on McCarthy censure, 155
negative campaign tactics, 59
nominated for vice presidency, 119 -22
pledges to support Warren, 106 -7
popularity in California, 260 -70
pressures Knight to drop out of governor's race, 242 -43
Senate race, 94 -95, 99
supports Warren, 146
tries to control Republican State Central Committee, 163
undermines Warren/supports Eisenhower, 109 -12, 114
on Vietnam, 169 -70
visits China, 281
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 99
Northern California Employers Association, 80
North Korea, 66 , 92 ;
see also Korean War
Norton, Stanley, 262
nuclear warfare, 166 , 173 -74, 186
O
Oakland (California)
black population, 276 -77
City Council, 64 -65
development, 267
economy, 39 , 277
general strike of 1946, 63 -64
growth in 1860s, 5
Knowland named citizen of year, 266
Knowland's contributions, x , 266 -67
labor coalition, 64 -65
military bases, 39
population, 40
Port of Oakland, 17 , 266
shipping industry, 266
social problems, 266 , 276 -78
sports teams, 267
unemployment, 276 -77
Oakland Alameda County Coliseum, 267
Oakland Army Base, 39
Oakland Athletics, 267
Oakland City Council, 17
Oakland Enquirer,15
Oakland Museum, 267
Oakland Police Department, 295 , 296 , 304
Oakland Raiders, 266 -67
Oakland Symphony, 267
Oakland Transcript,5
Oakland Tribune
accused of suppressing campaign misconduct, 102
accuses labor coalition of communist ties, 64
advertising in, 40
bipartisan stance, 280 -81
campaigns against Upton Sinclair, 23
centennial celebration, 298 -99
decline of, 279
editorial board, 291
Editorial Employee Association, 262
endorses Knowland, 252
founding of, 5 -6
growth/success of, 14 , 21 -22, 39 , 40 , 263 , 278 , 279
Knowland at (see Knowland, William F.: journalism career at Oakland Tribune )
J. R. Knowland's control of, 13 -14, 15 -17, 263
opposes Black Panthers, 295
pays tribute to Knowland after his death, 304
political influence of, 13 -14, 15 , 17 , 23 , 26 , 94 , 164
Republican/right-wing stance, 13 -14, 26 , 267 -68, 280 -81
San Francisco-Oakland Newspaper Guild, 262
sold by family, 305 -6
staff turnover/morale, 262 -63
strike of 1946, 64
and student activism, 274 -76
from suburban to metropolitan newspaper, 278 -79
supports draft, 32
Office of Price Administration (OPA), 58
Okinawa, 149
Olson, Culbert, 24 , 60
OPA (Office of Price Administration), 58
organized crime, 286 , 295
Orinda (California), 278
Ortman, Bill, 272
Oshinsky, David M., 63
Owens, Leo E., 16
Owens-Illinois Glass Company, 39
P
Pacific Gas and Electric Company (Northern California), 244
Palm, Henry, 279
Palmer, Kyle, 25 , 29 , 116
Panama Canal, 8
Paolinetti, Kay Sessinghaus (stepdaughter), 284 , 285 , 286 , 289 -90
Paramount Theatre of the Arts (Oakland, Calif.), 306
Paris, 46
Parker, Glenwood, 302
Patterson, Ellis, 60
peaceful coexistence, 174 -75, 176 , 179
Pearl Harbor, Japanese attack on, 30
Pearson, Drew, 113 , 225
People's Republic of China. See China, mainland
People's World,61
Peralta Community College District bonds, 291
Permanent Joint Congressional Committee on Atomic Energy, 67
Perry, Herman, 94 , 102 -3
Persons, Jerry, 155
Phelan, James D., 9 -10
Phillips, Herbert L., 22 , 200
Pitchess, Pete, 270
Pitts, Zasu, 252
Pius XII, Pope, 70
Poland, 70
poll tax legislation, 58
Port of Oakland, 17 , 266
Post-Enquirer,64
Potsdam Declaration (1945), 91
Powers, Harold J., 238 , 247
President's Council on Economic Advisers, 57
Priday, Sid, 298
Progressive Party, 9 -10, 14 , 23 , 60
Q
Quemoy, 172 , 183 , 184 , 185
R
racial unrest, 276 -77
Radford, Arthur, 167
Rafferty, State School Superintendent Max, 272
railroads, power of, 9
Rand, Ayn: Atlas Shrugged,256 -57
Rauch, Basil, 86
Rayburn, Speaker of the House Sam, 165
Reading, John, 277
Reagan, Ronald, 271 , 279 -80, 299
Reck, Al, 262 -63
Red China. See China, mainland
Reece, B. Carroll, 62
Reed, Russ, 268
Reedy, George, 220
rent ceilings, 58
Reporter magazine, 86 , 173
Republican Associates, 233
Republican Central Committee (California), 27
Republican Committee on Committees, 66
Republican National Committee, 27 , 28
Republican Party
California Republican Assembly, 26 , 162 , 237 -38
campaigns against Upton Sinclair, 23 congressional seats, 62 -63
infighting, 162 -63, 164 , 191 , 231 -32, 250
Knowland damages, ix -x, 251 , 252
Knowland tries to gain control, 162 -63
Knowland tries to revise leadership, 79
loyalty to, 28 , 31
1954 elections, 162 , 164
Oakland Tribune endorses, 13 -14
party unity, 271
philosophy of, 7
Progressives, 9 -10, 14 , 23 , 60
resists Truman's proposals, 57
right wing, at 1964 convention, 271 -72
on Vietnam, 167 , 169
Reston, James, 189
Reuf, Abe, 9
Reuther, Walter, 248
Review of Politics,173 -74
Rhee, Syngman, 84
Richardson, Friend, 14
right-to-work law, 236 -37, 238 -39, 244 , 247 , 254 , 256
Roberts, Fred, 22
Rockefeller, Nelson, 264 , 269 , 271
Rogers, Frank, 78 -79
Rogers, Ginger, 252
Rogers, Will, Jr., 60 , 61 -62
Rogers, William, 128
Robert Park Police Department, 303
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 22 , 23 , 55 , 127 , 148
Roper, William L., 191
Rosenthal, William H., 257
Rostow, Walter W., 139
Rubel, Cy, 271
Russell, Hannah. See Knowland, Hannah
Russell, Richard, 216
Russia, 47 , 51 , 62 ;
see also Soviet Union
S
Sacramento Bee,168 , 178 -79, 192 , 223 , 234
Salinger, Pierre, 270
Saltonstall, Leverett, 79 , 130 -31, 133
Salvatori, Henry, 270
Salzman, Ed, 86 -87
Samish, Artie, 102
San Francisco, 48
San Francisco Bay harbor development, 17
San Francisco Chronicle
political influence of, 14 , 23 , 26 , 94
withdraws support of Knowland, 252
San Francisco Examiner,252
San Francisco-Oakland Newspaper Guild, 262
Santa Fe Railroad, 39
Sargent, Charles, 291 , 296
Sargent, Irene, 291 , 296 , 297
Schubel, Otis John, 302
Scott, Randolph, 252
Scranton, William W., 272 -73, 274
Scripps, William E., 221
Seagrave, James, 286
Seale, Bobby, 277 -78
Sears Roebuck and Company, 39
SEATO (Southeast Asian Treaty Organization), 167
Selective Service Act, 32
Senate. See U.S. Senate
Senate Appropriations Committee, 66 -67, 130
Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 83
Senate Judiciary Committee, 215 , 216
Senate Rules Committee, 58 , 67
Seoul, 84
Sessinghaus, Ann. See Knowland, Ann
Sessinghaus, Kay. See Paolinetti, Kay Sessinghaus
Sessinghaus, Lawrence, 284
Sessinghaus, Steve (stepson), 284 , 285 , 286 , 288 , 289 -90, 294
Shattuck, Edward S., 229 , 237 , 246 , 271
Shay, Frank, 25
Sherman, William Tecumseh, 240
Sherriffs, Alex C., 275
shipbuilding industry, 39
Shrivenham (England), 44
Sigma Delta Chi, 299
Sinatra, Frank, 280
Sinclair, Upton, 23
Sino-American peace talks, 185 -87
SLA (Symbionese Liberation Army), 295 -96, 301
Small, Merrill F., 73 -74
Smathers, George, 99
Smith, H. Alexander, 79 , 90 -91, 186
Smith, Margaret Chase, 154
Snyder, Elizabeth, 164
"Soldier's Christmas--1942, A" (William Knowland), 34 -35
Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO), 167
Southern Pacific Railroad, 9 , 39
South Korea, 66 , 84 , 92 ;
see also Korean War
South Vietnam, 69 ;
see also Vietnam;
Vietnam War
Soviet Union, 66 , 68
blockades Berlin, 72
denies entrance to Knowland, 69
growth, 103
installs Communist leadership, 82
in Middle East, 209
ousts Khrushchev, 273
represses Hungary, 203 , 204 , 205 , 206
shoots down U.S. Navy jet, 171 -72
Sputnik launch, 211 -12
suspected of Communist conspiracy, 86
threatens British/French over Egypt invasion, 203
veto power in UN, 205
see also Russia
space race, 211 -12
Spangler, Raymond L., 299
Sparkman, John, 128
Sparks, Floyd, 278
Special Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program (formerly Truman Committee and Mead Committee), 58 -59
Sprouse, Ambassador Philip S., 87
Sputnik, 211 -12
St. Sure, Paul, 64
Standard Oil Company of California, 39 , 102
Staniford, George B., 5
Stassen, Harold, 73 , 118 -19, 121 , 199
State Department
Communist leanings suspected, 82 , 86 , 128 -29
guidance paper on Formosa, 90
role in China, 76 -77, 85
summarizes Sino-American peace talks, 187
U.S. position weakened by, 83
State Federation of Labor (California), 22
states' rights, 58
Status of Forces Treaty, 209 -11
Stearns, Newton, 242
Stennis, John, 156
Stephens, June, 241 , 267
Stephens, Robert S., 242
Stephens, William, 14
Stevenson, Adlai, 172 , 189 , 192 , 199 , 200 , 225
Still, Stephen A., 262 , 278
Stockton, Marcellus, 35 , 39
Stolting, Karl F., 249
Storke, Thomas, 9
Stucki, Karl, 300
student activism, 274 -76
Suez Canal
Britain urged not to use force, 202 -3
Egypt blocks oil shipments, 207
Israel denied passage, 203
Nasser seizes, 202
Susman, Lee, 279
Swig, Ben, 250
Sylvester, Arthur, 265
Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA), 295 -96, 301
Symington, Stuart, 124
T
Tachen Islands, 183
Taft, Robert, 29 , 41 , 73
condemns Kamp, 249
conservative stance, 141 -42
death, 114 , 134
and Eisenhower, 125 -26
health, 132 -33
helps MacArthur prepare congressional testimony, 100
and Knowland, 107 , 109 , 124 -25, 132 -33
Knowland disputes debt reduction with, 67 -68
maintains leadership of Republican Party, 79
Nixon declines to support his presidential bid, 106
promises Knowland committee posts, 66
reviews FBI report on Bohlen, 128
runs for president, 106 , 113 , 114 , 117 -18
on State Department Formosa policy, 90
Taft-Hartley Labor Law, 57 , 80 -81
Taiwan. See Formosa
tax reduction, 67
Taylor, Glen, 71
Thornton, Dan, 113
Thumann, Rudy, 80
Thurmond, Strom, 75 , 215 , 218
tidelands oil bill, 58
Time magazine, 16
on Bricker Amendment, 144
on Knowland as freshman senator, 56
on Knowland as full-term senator, 67
on Knowland's defense of McCarthy, 158
on Knowland's relationship with Eisenhower, 234
on Knowland's Senate appointment, 52
on Knowland's vice presidential chances, 115
Tobey, Charles, 79
Toomajian, Suren, 294
Towle, Katherine, 275 , 276
Tribune. See Oakland Tribune
Tribune Tower (Oakland, Calif.), 14 -15, 307
Truman, Harry S, 71
begins second presidential term, 81 -82
campaigns for Kennedy, 264
and Congress, 55 , 57
declares Korean conflict a police action, 96
fires MacArthur, 100
inaction in China, 82
Mutual Security Appropriation policy, 137
outrage over China's arrest of Ward, 84
popularity wanes, 101 -2
proposes changes to Taft-Hartley Labor Law, 80 -81
reelected president, 74 -75
refuses to defend Formosa against Communists, 90
supports Nationalist Chinese, 75
vetoes tidelands oil bill, 58
wages a limited war in Korea, 95 , 96 -97, 100 , 101 , 103 , 168
Truman Committee (later Special Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program), 58 -59
Truman Doctrine, 70
Tunnell, James M., 58
Tunney, John V., 280
Turkey, 66 , 68
U
unemployment, 63 , 151 , 276 -77;
see also employment issues
unemployment insurance, 24 , 57
Union Oil, 102
unions, 57 , 63 -65, 236 -37, 238 -39, 240 -41, 244 , 256
United Employers (Oakland, Calif.), 63 , 80
United Front, 276
United Nations, 49 , 55 , 95 , 96
and Communists' imprisonment of U.S. airmen, 177 -78, 183
condemns Israeli-British-French invasion of Egypt, 203
ineffective against Soviet repression in Hungary, 206
Knowland criticizes, 205 -6
Knowland serves in, 198
veto power, 205 , 206
United States
American way of life, 34 , 41 -43
integrity of, 90 -91
role in world affairs, 47 , 55
world leadership, 69 , 170
see also foreign policy; "U.S." entries
United Steelworkers Union, 250 -251
University of California at Berkeley, 235 , 274 -76
U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 81
U.S. Congress
conservatives in, 55 -56, 63
defense spending on Korean War, 99
Democrats in control, 55 -56, 165 , 200 -201
power to declare war, 101
Republicans in control, 124 -26
U.S. House of Representatives
civil rights bill, 215 , 216 , 218
Democrats in, 200
Republicans in, 124
U.S. News and World Report,92 -93, 164 , 258
U.S. Senate
Appropriations Committee, 66 -67, 130
civil rights bill, 215 -19
Democrats in, 75 , 79 , 83 -84, 99 , 124 , 135 , 148 , 200 -201
Foreign Relations Committee, 83
freshman members, 56
Inner Club, 142
Judiciary Committee, 215 , 216
as male-dominated, 72
1946 election, 62 -63
Republicans in, 62 -63, 79 , 99 , 124 , 135 , 148
Rules Committee, 58 , 67
rules governing debate, 214 -15
USA Today, 306
V
Vandenberg, Arthur H., 29 , 71 , 76 -77, 142 , 222
Varys, John, 88
Victoria (ship), 288 -89
Vietnam, 166 , 168 , 171
Vietnam War, 101 , 166 , 167 , 169
Vinson, Fred, 145
W
Walker, Clint, 271
Wallace, Henry, 62 , 75
Wall Street Journal,238
Ward, Angus, 84 -85
War on Poverty, 277
war orphans, adoption of, 71
Warren, Earl, 60 , 189
appointed chief justice, 145 -46
appoints Knowland to U.S. Senate, 50 -53, 59
as attorney general of California, 29
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas decision, 152
California representation decision, 152 -53
elected governor of California, 29 -30, 34 , 49 -50, 59 , 62
endorses Knowland for Senate, 59 -60
helps found California Republican Assembly, 26
and Knowland, 20 , 50 -53, 59 -60, 114 , 153
on Helen Knowland's illness, 226
liberalism of, 107 -8, 146
nominated for vice president, 36 , 50 , 73 -74
nominated to Supreme Court, 123
as Republican National Committee member, 27
as Republican Party state chairman, 26
Republicans disenchanted with, 107 -8
runs for president, 105 -12, 118
supported by J. R. Knowland, 25 -26, 30
supports Nixon, 119
Warsaw, 70
Washington Post,136 -37
Washington Post and Times-Herald,250
Wasserman, Franz, 259
Watkins, Arthur, 63 , 156
Watts riots (Los Angeles), 276
Wayne, John, 271
W. E. B. Du Bois Club, 274 -75
Wedemeyer, Albert, 76 -77
Welker, Herman, 134 , 182
Werdel, Tom, 108
West, Emelyn. See Knowland, Emelyn
Western Pacific Railroad, 39
Wherry, Kenneth S., 79 , 83 , 99
Whitaker, Clem, 23 , 61 , 195 -96, 242 , 246
White, Charles M., 249
White, Theodore, 115
White, William S., 133 , 140 -41, 142 , 155 , 156 , 196 -97, 245
Whitney, Russell, 263
Wick, James L., 196
Williams, Gladstone, 189
Williams, John, 63
Willkie, Wendell, 29 , 30 -31
Wilson, George, 157 , 161
Wilson, Jack, 285
Wilson, Lionel, 305
Wilson, Lyle C., 258
Wolman, Philip J., 63 -64
Women for Peace, 275
"Worker and Bill Knowland, The" (William Knowland), 241
World War II
brings prosperity, 39 -40
destructiveness, 70
fear of Japanese attack on West Coast, 93
Pearl Harbor attack, 30
U.S. role, 68
Y
Yalta Conference, 82 , 127 , 144 , 173
Yikiang, 183
Young, Clement C., 21
Young, George, 271
Young, Milton R., 70
Younger, Kenneth, 79
Z
Ziffren, Paul, 250 , 293
Zimbalist, Efrem, Jr., 271