CONTRIBUTORS

JOSEPH BEN-DAVID is George Wise Professor of Sociology at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and professor of education and sociology at the University of Chicago. Among his publications are: Fundamental Research and the Universities (1968), The Scientist's Role in Society (1971), American Higher Education (1972), Centers of Learning: Britain, France, Germany and the United States (1977).

ALLAN BLOOM has been a professor on the Committee of Social Thought and at the College of the University of Chicago since 1979. From 1970 to 1979 he was professor of political science at the University of Toronto. In addition to numerous articles in the field of political philosophy, he co-authored Shakespeare's Politics (with Harry V. Jaffa, 1964) and has published translations of Plato's Republic (with notes and an interpretive essay, 1968) and Rousseau's Émile (with an introduction and notes, 1979).

SJOERD L. BONTING has been chairman of the Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine at the University of Nijmegen, the Netherlands, since 1968. His major research interests include relations between enzymes and cell function, the biochemistry of the visual mechanism, and quantitative histochemistry.

MARTIN BULMER has been a lecturer in Social Administration at the London School of Economics and Political Science since 1975. His main research and teaching interests include the methodology of social research, the use of social research in policy making, and the history of American sociology between 1918 and 1930. He has edited a number of collections, including: Working Class Images of Society (1978), Mining and Social Change (1977), Social Policy Research (1978), and Social Research and Royal Commissions (1980).

JOHN W. CHAPMAN is professor of political science at the University of Pittsburgh, and associate editor of NOMOS, the yearbook of the American Society for Political and Legal Philosophy. He is the author of Rousseau: Totalitarian or Liberal? (1956) and numerous essays on political philosophy.

EDUARDO CARREGA MARCAL GRILO , a member of the engineering faculty at Lisbon Technical High Institute, now serves in the Portuguese Ministry of Education.

FOLKE HALDEN is a member of the National Board of Universities and Chairman of the Commission of Science and Technology. He was director of the Swedish Employer's Confederation from 1952 to 1980 and has been a member of various commissions on school and university reforms. Among his publications are Industry and Education and Competence and Democracy .

PETER GRAF KIELMANSEGG has been a professor of political science at the University of Cologne since 1971. Among his published works are: Deutschland und

der erste Weltkrieg (1968, reprinted in 1980), Volkssouveränität (1977), Nachdenken über die Demokratie (1980), as well as essays in various journals.

AREND LIJPHART is professor of political science at the University of California, San Diego. He was, until 1978, professor of international relations at the University of Leiden, the Netherlands. His books include: The Trauma of Decolonization: The Dutch and West New Guinea (1966), The Politics of Accommodation: Pluralism and Democracy in the Netherlands (1968), and Democracy in Plural Society: A Comparative Exploration (1977).

NIKOLAUS LOBKOWICZ is currently president of the University of Munich. His major research interests are the history of Marxist thought, the philosophy of social science, and political ethics. Among his publications are: Theory and Practice (1967), Marx and the Western World (1967), Marxismus und Machtergreifung (1978), and Wortmeldung zu Kirche, Staat, Universität (1980).

DAVID MARTIN has been a professor of sociology at the London School of Economics and Political Science since 1971. His publications include: Pacifism: A Historical and Sociological Study (1965), A Sociology of English Religion (1967), The Religious and the Secular (1969), and Tract against the Times (1973).

JOHN ARTHUR PASSMORE is professor of philosophy at the Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University. He is president of the Australian Academy of Social Science. Among his publications are: Hume's Intentions (1952), One Hundred Years of Philosophy (1957), Philosophical Reasoning (1961), The Perfectibility of Man (1970), and Man's Responsibility for Nature (1974).

RAYMOND POLIN has been a professor of philosophy in the Faculty of Letters of the University of Paris since 1961. He was president of the University of Paris, the Sorbonne (Paris IV) until 1980. He is a member of the Sciences Morales et Politiques of the Institut de France.

JOSE M. G. TOSCANO RICO has been vice-rector of the University of Lisbon since 1978. He has been president of the Scientific Council of the Faculty of Medicine and is currently president of the Scientific Council of the Institute of Hydrology.

GERD ROELLECKE has been professor of public law and philosophy of law at the University of Mannheim since 1969. He was pro-rector/vice-president of the University of Mannheim from 1970 to 1973, and vice-president of the German Research Society from 1974 to 1977.

WALTER RÜEGG has been professor and director of the Institute of Sociology at the University of Berne since 1973 and dean of the Faculty of Law and Economics since 1976. Among his publications are: Cicero und der Humanismus (1956), Antike Geisteswelt (1955), and two volumes of collected essays.

JOHN A. SCOTT is head of the Department of Italian, University of Western Australia (at Perth). Formerly he was director of the Graduate Center of Medieval Studies at the University of Reading, England. He is co-author of The Continental Renaissance 1500–1600 (ed. A. J. Krailsheimer) and the author of Dante Magnanimo: studi sulla "Comedia," along with other publications.

VEIGA SIMAO is director of the National Laboratory for Energy and Technology in Lisbon, Portugal. He was minister of education for Portugal from 1969 to 1974.

JULIO R. VILLANUEVA is director of the Department of Microbiology in the Faculty of Sciences at the University of Salamanca. He was rector of the University of Salamanca from 1972 to 1974. He has published, edited, or contributed to more than twenty-five books, including a compilation of his own writings entitled Universidad, Investigación y Sociedad .

ROBIN WINKS is professor of history at Yale University. He has been master of Berkeley College, Yale University, since 1977. Among his publications are: The Age of Imperialism (1969), The Historian as Detective (1969), Failed Federations: Decolonization and the British Empire (1971), and Slavery, A Comparative Perspective (1962).