Index
A
Abbe, James, 80 , 335 n.56
Agievich (chief engineer, Zavodostroi), 93 , 99
Agro-Joint, 46 , 322 -23n.11
All-Union Congress of Architects, 83
All-Union Congress of Engineers, 130
All-Union Construction Trust. See Soyuzstroi
All-Union Institute for the Scientific Study of the Film Arts, 13
All-Union Trust for the Exploitation of Meteoric Metals, 211 -12
American Federation of Labor, 181
American Society of Civil Engineers, 82
Amkino, 31
Amtorg, 2 , 30 , 52 , 91 , 113 , 321 n.2
Anna (pseudonym). See N.
Annunevsky Street housing project, 177
Arbat, 169
Armstrong-Vickers, 146
Aronovich (S.T.O.), 169 -71, 178
Automobile Trust, 212
B
Baird, Joe (United Press correspondent), 306
Balkhash copper project, 114
Baransky (engineer, Zavodostroi), 72 , 75 , 78
Barnes, Ralph (New York Herald-Tribune correspondent), 187 -88, 208 -10, 243 , 254 , 257 , 273 -74, 304 -5, 335 n.56
Beal, Fred, 5 , 17
Beard, Charles, 16
Belsky (editor, Krokodil ), 211 -12
Blocks, interlocking, Witkin's proposal for, 7 , 8 , 113 -14, 128 -29, 157 , 165 -67, 171 -74, 189 , 200 , 212 ;
and first Izvestia article, 162 -63;
in letter to Stalin, 266 ;
and purge, 201 ;
and second Izvestia article, 204
Bogashevsky (editor, Tekhnika ), 135
Borminsky (S.T.O., O.G.P.U.), 175 -76, 178 , 204
Borodin, Mikhail, 50 , 77 , 86 -87, 91 -93, 135 , 154 -55, 160 , 323 n.13
B.R.I.Z. (Bureau for Rationalization and Invention, Soyuzstroi), 113 -14, 159 , 162 -63, 173 -74, 204
Bukharin, N. I., 17 , 135 , 310 , 330 n.39
Bullitt (U.S. ambassador), 273 , 276
Bureau of Inventions. See B.R.I.Z.
Bureau for Rationalization and Invention. See B.R.I.Z.
C
Calder, Jack, 114 -15
Cathedral of Christ the Redeemer, 51 , 323 -24n.15
Central Committee, of Communist Party, 163
Central Control Commission (later Commission on Party Control), 153 , 331 -32n.45
Central Film Actors' Studio, 11
Cessarskaya, Emma. See Tsesarskaia, Emma
Chamberlin, William Henry (Christian Science Monitor correspondent), 181 , 208 , 305 , 333 n.50
Cheka (forerunner of O.G.P.U.), 179 , 187 , 324 -25n.18
Chicago Exhibition, 228
Church of Christ the Redeemer. See Cathedral of Christ the Redeemer
Clark (Foreign Section, R.K.I.), 252 , 262 , 275 ;
and articles for Tekhnika , 135 ;
and meeting with Witkin,
Clark (continued )
106 ;
and Witkin's contract with R.K.I., 149 -50;
and Witkin's meeting with O.G.P.U., 235 -43, 245 , 248 , 250 -51, 263 -64;
and Witkin's plans to marry Emma, 195 -96
Cleaning (purge) commissions, 168 , 201 , 204 , 332 n-47
Commissariats. See People's Commissariats
Constitution, Soviet ("Stalin Constitution of 1936"), 308 -10
Constructor , 73
Cooper, Hugh (chief engineer, Dneprostroi), 37 , 321 n-5
Council of Labor and Defense (S.T.O.), 9 , 157 , 170 -71, 175 -77, 182 , 201 , 204 , 266 , 332 n.48
Council of People's Commissars, 170
Crocodile (Krokodil ), 211
Customs House, 77 -78
D
Davis, Arthur Powell, 36 , 51
Department of Labor Norms, 129
Derham (McDonald Engineering), 37
Dewey (International General Electric), 37 , 45
Dneprostroi, 37 , 59 , 62 -63, 154 , 244 , 321 n.5
Dnepropetrovsk, 61
Donets Basin (Donbas), 189 , 201 -2
Donskaya housing project, 177 , 205
Duranty, Walter (New York Times correspondent), 112 , 181 , 188 , 208 -10, 277 , 284 , 293 , 300 , 328 -29n.34
Dvinsky (Stalin's economic secretary), 167 , 189
Dzerzhinskii Commune for Waifs (O.G.P.U.), 55 , 168 -69, 325 n.19
E
Efremov power plant and distillery, 78 , 83 , 94 -96
Eisenstein, Sergei, 31 , 46 , 321 n.3
Elena Vladimirovna (librarian, Soyuzstroi), 269 -70, 273 -74, 283 -84, 294
Elisaev (Foreign Section, R.K.I.), 230
Engineering News-Record , 9 , 73
Experimental Institute of Leningrad. See Leningrad Institute
F
Famine, in North Caucasus and Ukraine, 207 -10, 259 , 328 n.31, 335 n.56
Feinhouse (engineer, People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry), 166 , 172 , 204 -5
Fili aviation factory, 177 , 197 -200
First Industrial Building Trust. See Zavodostroi
Fischer, Louis (Nation correspondent), 208 -9
Foreign Office (People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs), 246 , 280 , 282 -83;
and foreign correspondents, 117 , 187 -88, 208 , 210 , 254 -55, 257 ;
and Metropolitan-Vickers trial, 143
Foreign Specialists' House, 73 , 84 -86
Foreign specialists' store, 114 , 127 -28
Francis, Peter, 6
Frank, Waldo, 11
Frankfurt, S., 16
Frankfurt am Main, 82 , 232 , 278
Furniture Trust, 212
G
Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 35
Garry (Garri), 8 , 182 , 204 -5, 211 , 214 -15, 227 , 266 -67, 295 ;
and death of sister-in-law, 202 -3;
and Donbas trip, 189 , 201 -2;
and fight with Soviet bureaucracy, 153 -59, 161 , 167 -71, 173 -74, 200 -201;
and Gosplan, 246 -47;
and Kharkov aviation disaster, 260 -62;
Witkin's biography of, 179 -80
Gasparian (Standardized Housing Trust), 52
Gastonia Boys, 6
General rationalization program. See Rationalization program
Gillis (American mining engineer), 293
Giprostroi (State Institute for the De-sign of Enterprises of the Construction Materials Industry), 290 -93
Glavstroi (Main Construction Directorate), 283 , 284 , 289
Gorky, Maxim, 231 , 336 n.58
Gosplan. See State Planning Commission
Government (State) Technical Book Trust, 136
Grinko, G. F. (People's Commissar of Finance), 285 , 341 n.70
H
Hearst press, 278
Hindus, Maurice, 208 -9
Hoover Institution Archives, 17
Hotel Evropeiskaya, Warsaw, 277
I
Institute for Construction Materials, 98
Intourist agency, 4 , 43 , 46 , 65 , 70 , 91 , 178 , 322 n.8;
incompetence of, 57 , 61 -63, 73 -75;
and offer to super-vise hotel construction, 114 ;
and sale of exit visas for gold, 151
Ivanov (B.R.I.Z.). 163 , 204
Izhevsk industrial combine, 99
Izvestia , 8 , 63 , 153 , 158 , 161 , 171 , 204 215, 266
K
Kaganovich, L. M., 211 -12, 335 -36n.57
Kalinin (aircraft designer), 261 -62
Kalinin, M. I., 255 , 339 -40n.65
Kantorovich (Party secretary, Soyuzstroi), 279 -80
Karyagin (chief engineer, S.T.O.), 171 , 176 -78
Keen, E. L. (United Press International), 258 -59
Kessel, Lawrence, 46 , 53 , 70
Kharkov, 53 , 169 -70, 214 -15, 260 -62
Kharkov Tractor Plant, 6 , 53 -54, 324 n.16
Khimkent zinc plant, 114
Khlamov (director, Leningrad Institute), 201 , 204
Kiev, 68 -70
Kirov, S. M., 253 -54, 315 , 339 n.64
Klavdia Mikhailovna, 10 -11
Klin rayon factory, 87
Kollontai, Aleksandra, 195 , 334 n.53
Kravchenko, Victor, 6
Kremlin Hospital, 84 , 203
Krupskaya, Nadezhda, 195 , 333 -34n.52
Krylova, Tatiana, 13
Kuibyshev, V. V., 285 , 340 -41n.69
Kuznetskstroi. See Novokuznetsk
L
Le Corbusier, and design for Palace of Soviets, 37
Leningrad, 4 , 43 -45, 98 , 142
Leningrad Institute, 157 , 162 -63, 165 , 173 -75, 178 , 189 , 201 , 204
Leningradsky Chausee housing project, 177 , 205 -6
Lenin Mausoleum, 47 -48
Littlepage, John, 6
Litvinov, M. M. (Commissar of Foreign Affairs), 244 , 252 , 255 , 258 , 284 , 337 -38n.61
Lubertsi airplane-lumber storage project, 75 , 78 , 93 -95
Lubianka Square (headquarters, political police), 106 , 141 , 235 , 243
Lugashin (director, Soyuzstroi), 117 , 201 , 267 -69, 271 , 279 , 281 -82
Lyons, Eugene, 3 -17, 112 , 188 -89, 227 , 268 -69, 273 , 276 , 278 -284, 295 -300, 306 , 341 n.71;
and conflict with Moscow Daily News , 91 ;
and construction of apartment, 183 -86, 241 -43, 245 -46, 250 -51, 283 -84;
and Garry, 152 -58;
meets Witkin, 80 -81;
and Metro-Vickers trial, 144 -46;
setup and expulsion of from U.S.S.R., 255 -59;
and Tsesarskaia, 100 -102;
and Ukraine famine, 208 -9;
and U.S. recognition of Soviet Union, 253 -55;
and Zinoviev, 139 -40
M
M. (musician, friend of Witkin's), 13 , 274 -76, 282 , 294 -95, 300 -301, 305 , 307
McDowell (American consultant, Verblud), 92
Maevsky (production engineer), 87 , 96
Magnitogorsk, 82 , 114 , 232 -34, 327 -28n.29
Mai Aviation Institute, 78 , 95 , 177 , 190 -94, 200
Marx, Harpo, 282 , 340 n.68
May, Ernst, 13 , 82 , 87 , 98 , 112 , 152 , 189 , 213 , 327 n.28;
reasons for
May, Ernst (continued )
departure from U.S.S.R., 232 -35, 240 , 245
Meshchanskaya housing project, 177 , 205 -6
Metropol Hotel, 140 , 255
Metropolitan-Vickers Company, 6 , 143 -47, 182 , 331 nn.42-44
Meyer, Prof. (German consultant, Giprostroi), 292
Mezhlauk, V. I. (Gosplan), 45 , 87 , 244 , 285 , 322 n.10
Molotov, V. M., 15 , 130 , 285 , 329 -30n.38
Monkhouse, Allan, 6
Moscow Daily News, Moscow News , 50 , 77 , 82 , 86 , 91 -96, 106 , 153 , 323 n.14
Moscow Institute for Testing Materials, 172
Moscow Soviet Hotel, 48 , 114
Moscow subway, 3 , 239 -40
N
N. (acquaintance of Witkin's), 140 -42, 296 -97
Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact, 17
Negoreloye (border town), 43 , 277
Nekrasov, Prof., 136
Nemetz, Sergei (acting director, Soyuzstroi), 50 -51, 69 , 72 , 86 -87, 93 , 104 , 106 , 160 ;
and arrangement of Witkin's treatment in Kremlin Hospital, 84 ;
attempts of to persuade Witkin to stay, 269 , 271 -72;
and rationalization program, 99 ;
transfer of to Mariupol, 117 , 160
New Economic Policy (NEP), 25 , 320 -21n.1
New Moscow Hotel, 264
Nielson (U.S. embassy, Warsaw), 279
Nikitin (head, Rationalization and Re-construction, Soyuzstroi), 113 , 117 , 119 , 165 , 173 -75, 177 , 189
NKVD (People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs, political police), 14 -15, 324 -25n.18
Nobile, Gen. Umberto, 83 , 328 n.30
North American Film Corporation, 16
Novokuznetsk, 82 , 232 , 327 -28n.29
Novy Afon, 213 , 216 , 225 -26, 235
O
Odessa, 67 -68
O.G.P.U., 9 , 12 , 55 , 80 , 84 , 117 , 179 , 202 , 214 , 217 , 220 , 271 , 274 -75, 309 , 316 , 324 -25n.18, 334 n.54;
and aircraft factory construction in Kharkov, 168 -69;
discussions with Witkin, 235 -43, 245 -46, 248 -52;
and Lyons, 256 , 258 ;
and meteoric metals scam, 211 -12;
and inspection of construction sites, 197 -200;
and Metro-Vickers trial, 143 -47;
and M.T.S., 207 ;
and N., 139 -42;
and secret trial of Garry, 261 ;
and Tsesarskaia, 196 -97, 248 , 265 ;
and Witkin's contacts in Lubianka, 106 ;
Witkin's dissociation from, 263 -66;
and Witkin's supervision of secret construction, 235 -43, 245 -46, 248 -52.
See also Dzerzhinskii Commune for Waifs
Oka River steel mill project, 290 -91
Ordzhonikidze, G. K., 233 -34, 245 , 272 , 285 , 336 -37n.59
Orlionov (Party secretary, Soyuzstroi), 271
Osinsky (State Planning Commission), 246 -47
P
Palace of Soviets, 51 , 321 -22n.6
Party Cleaning Commission. See Cleaning (purge) commissions
Passagnik (Zavodostroi), 72
Pasternak, Prof. (Swiss consultant), 76
Patent Office, 182 , 212
Pavlovsky (consulting engineer-attorney), 178
People's Commissariat of Communal Economy, 233
People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs. See Foreign Office
People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry, 9 , 54 , 169 -70, 212 -13, 216 , 233 , 235 , 266 , 272 -73, 282 , 284 ;
and rationalization plan, 113 , 116 , 118 , 152 , 160 ;
response of to Stalin's intervention, 166 -67;
and Witkin's proposal for interlocking blocks, 172 , 176 , 178 , 200
People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs. See NKVD
People's Commissariat of Transportation, 213
People's Commissariat of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspection. See Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate
Piatnitsky, Dr., 84
Pilnyak, Boris, 101 , 328 n.32
Podolsky (censor, Foreign Office), 187
Polakov, Walter, 37 , 100
Politburo, 47 , 168 , 211 , 234 , 260 , 309
Politotdel , 207 , 334 -35n.55
Potemkin villages, 208
Pravda , 234
Pravov, I. (film director), 11
Preobrazhenskaia, O. (film director), 11
Press Department (Foreign Office), 259
Prokofiev, G. E. (O.G.P.U.), 265 , 349 n.67
Promstroiproekt (industrial construction agency), 283 , 294 -99
Pudovkin, V. I. (film director), 31 , 321 n.3
Purge. See Cleaning (purge) commissions
R
Radek, K. B., 310 , 342 n.75
Railway Commissariat. See People's Commissariat of Transportation
Rationalization Department (of Soyuzstroi), 117 , 166 , 173 -74, 189
Rationalization Department (of People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry), 166 , 172 , 204
Rationalization program (for construction in the Second Five-Year Plan), 99 -100, 104 -6, 114 -19, 130 -31, 134 ;
and Witkin's calculations on size of First Five-Year Plan, 110 -13;
and Witkin's calculations on size of Second Five-Year Plan, 286 -88, 296 , 302
Red Square, 47 -49, 116 -17
Revolutionary Council of Labor and Defense. See Council of Labor and Defense
Richardson, Stanley (Associated Press correspondent), 208 , 243 , 277
R.K.I. See Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate
Rolland, Romain, 15 , 253 , 300 , 306 , 312 , 314 -16, 319 n.31, 319 -20n.32, 338 n.62
Rosen, Joseph, 46
Rostov-on-Don, 56 -57
Rudzutak, Ian E., (head, Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate), 167 , 234 , 245 , 260 , 332 n.46
Rukeyser, Arnold, 6
Russell, Bertrand, 13 , 16 , 253 , 338 -39n.63
S
Sacco and Vanzetti, 31 , 317 n.2
Savoy Hotel, 248
Scott, John, 5
Scripps-Canfield Press, 73
Scripps-Howard Press, 180
Second Trust, 204
Serebrovskii, A. P., 6
Sevastopol, 63 , 161
Sholokhov, Mikhail, 11
Shvernik, N. M., 117 , 160 , 329 n.35
"Six-Point Speech" (Stalin), 85 , 160
Smith, Andrew and Maria, 5 , 17
Smollin (supervisor of plans for Palace of Soviets), 51 -52
Sochi, 215 -16, 226 -27
Sokolov (acting director, Soyuzstroi), 269 , 271 -73, 282 -85, 290 , 293 , 299
Soviet consulate, Warsaw, 277 -81
Soyuzstroi (All-Union Construction Trust), 5 , 69 , 72 , 84 , 86 -87, 89 , 99 , 104 , 150 , 160 , 169 , 198 -200, 204 -5, 247 , 268 , 296 ;
and chief engineer Vorobieff, 176 -77;
and O.G.P.U., 239 -40;
and rationalization program, 113 ;
reorganization of, 228 , 262 , 264 , 282 -84, 292 -93, 298 -99;
response of to Izvestia articles, 165 -68;
and R.K.I., 230 ;
and Stalin's intervention, 271 -73, 275 -76, 279 -80;
and Witkin's proposal for interlocking blocks, 173 -75, 189 -90, 201
Sproul, Horace, 16
Stalin, 8 , 15 , 27 , 47 , 83 , 163 , 170 -71, 179 , 189 , 200 , 225 , 285 , 295 , 303 ;
Stalin (continued )
and connection to Garry, 156 , 158 , 167 ;
and R.K.I., 260 ;
Witkin's letters to, 159 -61, 266 , 269 , 272 , 280
Stalingrad Tractor Plant, 114
"Standardization of Pre-Cast Wall Blocks" (Witkin). See Blocks, interlocking
Standardized Housing Trust. See Standartzhilstroi
Standartgorproekt (City Planning Trust), 234
Standartzhilstroi (Standardized Housing Trust), 51 -52, 72 , 114
Stanislavskii, Maksim, 14 , 15
State Bank, 212
State Experimental Farm of Verblud, 57 -59, 92
State Phonograph Trust, 212
State Planning Commission (Gosplan), 113 , 116 , 202 , 245 -47, 262 -63
State Rubber Stamp Trust, 211
Steinmetz (engineer, General Electric), 249
S.T.O. See Council of Labor and Defense
Stolpce, 277
Stoneman, William (Chicago Daily News correspondent), 208 -9
Sukhum, 202 -3, 225 -26
Sutton, Antony, 17
T
Tall (editor, Tekhnika ), 135 -36
Tchaikovsky 31 , 122 , 247
Tchaikovsky Film School, 11
Technical Book Trust, 189
Tekhnika , 135 , 160 , 189
Thomas, Norman, 16
Torgsin stores, 60 , 114 , 225 , 326 n.23
Trade unions, 117 -18, 159
Trotsky 316
Tsesarskaia, Emma, 10 -17, 26 , 80 , 108 -9, 112 -13, 119 -20, 136 -39, 147 -48, 153 , 224 , 280 ;
editor's interview with, 13 -17;
and end of romance with Witkin, 151 -52, 195 -97, 213 -15, 228 , 247 -48, 265 ;
and first meeting with Witkin, 100 -104;
in Her Way , 31 -34
Tsiam airplane plant, 177 , 199 -200
Tuchinow assembly plant, 78 , 88
U
Ulianova, Mariia Il'inichna (Lenin's sister), 107 , 160 , 178
Umansky, K. A. (Press Department, People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs), 258 , 340 n.66
Uskia, 119 , 187
V
Vahktanghov Theatre, 231
Verblud (state experimental farm), 57 -59, 92
Vinakur (engineer), 204
Vinson big-navy bill, 253 , 259
Visa Bureau, 263 , 299
Vitkovsky (chief engineer, Zavodostroi), 79 , 93
Vorobieff (chief engineer, Soyuzstroi), 176 -77, 190 -94, 197 -99, 205
Voroshilov, K. E. (People's Commissar of War), 47 , 116 , 170 , 323 n.12
W
Wagner, Richard, 34 , 119 -20
War Communism, 25 , 320 -21n.1
Wells, Linton (International News Ser-vice correspondent), 208
Westgarth, John, 6 , 17
Workers' and Peasants' Inspection Commissariat. See Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate
Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate (R.K.I.), 9 , 77 , 82 , 86 , 95 , 133 , 153 , 159 -60, 200 -201, 230 , 235 , 327 n.26;
and Clark, 195 -96;
and May, 234 ;
and investigation of Balkhash copper project, 115 ;
and investigation of Moscow Soviet Ho-tel construction, 114 ;
and Stalin's rebuke of Rudzutak, 167 -68;
and Witkin's articles for Tekhnika , 135 ;
Witkin's contract with, 149 -50, 238 ;
Witkin's first encounter with, 106 -7;
and Witkin's planned discussion with Rudzutak, 260 ;
and Witkin's report on diplomatic recognition by U.S., 180 -82, 332 -33n.49
Y
Yalta, 64 -67
Yaroslavl, reinforced concrete bridge at, 78
Yauntzen, Madame (singer), 54
Yegor Bulichev (Gorky), 231 -32
Z
Zaidner, Alfred (Amtorg, Intourist), 2 , 91 , 95 , 114 , 135 , 160
Zalkind (attorney at Foreign Office), 246 , 283
Zavodostroi (First Industrial Building Trust), 72 , 75 , 78 -79, 83 , 99 -100, 114 , 177
Zemach (dancer), 306
Zetkin, Clara, 191 , 333 n.51
Zhemchuzhina, Polina, 15 , 329 -30n.38
Zinoviev, Grigori, 139 -40, 310 , 330 n.41