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Books, Journals and Official Publications
‘Abd al-‘Azim Ramadan. 1971. “Al-Burjwaziyya al-misriyya qablu thawrat 23 yuliyu” (The Egyptian bourgeoisie before the July 23rd Revolution). al-Katib, no. 123, pp. 91–102.
——————. 1978. Sira‘ al-tabaqat fi Misr, 1837–1952 (Class conflict in Egypt, 1837–1952). Cairo: Mu’assasa al-‘Arabiyya lil Dirasat wa al-Nashr.
——————. 1981. Dirasat fi tarikh Misr al-mu‘asir (Studies in the contemporary history of Egypt). Cairo: al-Markaz al-‘Arabi lil Bahth wa al-Nashr.
——————. 1983. Tatawwur al-haraka al-wataniyya fi Misr min sana 1937 ila sana 1948 (The development of the national movement in Egypt from 1937 to 1948). Second edition. Cairo: Maktaba Madbuli.
‘Abd al-‘Aziz Ahmad. 1955. Kahraba Misr (The electrification of Egypt). Cairo: Ministry of Public Works.
‘Abd al-Mu‘ti ‘Abd al-Wahab ‘Amr. 1960. Aswan Dam Hydroelectric Scheme: Notes on Its History, Description and Economics. Cairo: Ministry of Public Works.
Abdel-Malek, Anouar. 1968. Egypt: Military Society. New York: Random House.
Addison, Herbert. 1959. Sun and Shadow at Aswan. London: Chapman and Hall.
Ahmad, Aijaz. 1992. In Theory: Classes, Nations, Literatures. London: Verso.
Ahmad Hamrush. 1984. Qissa thawra 23 yuliyu (The story of the July 23rd Revolution). Volume 4, Shuhud thawra yuliyu (Witnesses to the July Revolution). Cairo: Maktaba Madbuli.
Ahmed, Mahmoud Hussein. 1984. “The Automobile Industry in Egypt.” Master’s thesis, American University in Cairo.
‘Ali Barakat. 1977. Tatawwur al-milkiyya al-zira‘iyya fi Misr wa atharuha ‘ala al-haraka al-siyasiyya, 1813–1914. (The development of landownership in Egypt and its effects on the political movement, 1813–1914). Cairo: Dar al-Thaqafa al-Jadida.
Amsden, Alice H. 1989. Asia’s Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization. New York: Oxford University Press.
Anderson, Lisa. 1987. “The State in the Middle East and North Africa.” Comparative Politics 20, pp. 1–18.
Anis Mustafa Kamil. 1981. “Tarikh al-ra’smaliyya al-yahudiyya fi Misr.” (The history of Jewish capitalism in Egypt). al-Ahram al-Iqtisadi, nos. 636–642.
Aronson, Geoffrey. 1986. From Sideshow to Center Stage: U.S. Policy toward Egypt 1946–1956. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1956. Summary of Egyptian Studies. Final report to U.S. International Cooperation Administration, Contract TA62-102-4001 C59200. April 30.
‘Asim al-Disuqi. 1976. Misr fi al-harb al-‘alamiyya al-thaniyya, 1939–1945 (Egypt in the Second World War, 1939–1945). Cairo: Ma‘had al-Buhuth wa al-Dirasat al-‘Arabiyya.
——————. 1981. Nahw fahm tarikh Misr al-iqtisadi al-ijtima‘i (Toward an understanding of Egypt’s socioeconomic history). Cairo: Dar al-Kitab al-Jami‘i.
Aubey, Robert. 1969. “Entrepreneurial Formation in El Salvador.” Explorations in Entrepreneurial History, second series, 6, pp. 268–285.
Augelli, Enrico, and Craig Murphy. 1988. America’s Quest for Supremacy and the Third World: A Gramscian Analysis. London: Pinter.
Ayubi, Nazih. 1980. Bureaucracy and Politics in Contemporary Egypt. London: Ithaca Press.
Baer, Gabriel. 1962. A History of Landownership in Modern Egypt, 1880–1950. London: Oxford University Press.
Baker, Raymond William. 1978. Egypt’s Uncertain Revolution under Nasser and Sadat. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bank Misr. 1929. Taqrir insha’ al-sina‘at al-ahliyya fi Misr. (Report on the creation of national industries in Egypt). Bureau of Economic Research. Cairo: Imprimerie Misr.
Baram, Philip J. 1978. The Department of State in the Middle East, 1919–1945. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
BEAMA [British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers’ Association]. 1927. Combines and Trusts in the Electrical Industry: The Position in Europe in 1927. London.
Becker, David G. 1983. The New Bourgeoisie and the Limits of Dependency: Mining, Class and Power in “Revolutionary” . Peru. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Becker, David G., et al. 1987. Postimperialism: International Capitalism in the Late Twentieth Century. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner.
Beinin, Joel. 1982. “Class Conflict and National Struggle: Labor and Politics in Egypt, 1936–1954.” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, University of Michigan.
——————. 1989. “Labor, Capital and the State in Nasserist Egypt, 1952–1961.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 21, pp. 71–91.
——————. 1990. Was the Red Flag Flying There?: Marxist Politics and the Arab-Israeli Conflict in Egypt and Israel, 1948–1965. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Beinin, Joel and Zachary Lockman. 1987. Workers on the Nile: Nationalism, Communism, Islam, and the Egyptian Working Class, 1882–1954. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Berque, Jacques. 1972. Egypt: Imperialism and Revolution. Translated by Jean Stewart. New York: Praeger.
Bertramsen, René Bugge, Jens Peter Frølund Thomsen and Jacob Torfing. 1991. State, Economy and Society. London: Unwin Hyman.
Bianchi, Robert. 1985. “Businessmen’s Associations in Egypt and Turkey.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 482, pp. 147–159.
——————. 1986. “The Corporatization of the Egyptian Labor Movement.” Middle East Journal 40, pp. 429–444.
——————. 1989. Unruly Corporatism: Associational Life in Twentieth-Century Egypt. New York: Oxford University Press.
Binder, Leonard. 1978. In a Moment of Enthusiasm: Political Power and the Second Stratum in Egypt. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Blackbourn, David, and Geoff Eley. 1984. The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Block, Fred. 1987. Revising State Theory: Essays in Politics and Postindustrialism. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Boone, Catherine. 1992. Merchant Capital and the Roots of State Power in Senegal, 1930–1985. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
——————. 1994. “States and Ruling Classes in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Enduring Contradictions of Power.” In State Power and Social Forces: Domination and Transformation in the Third World, edited by Joel Migdal, Atul Kholi and Vivienne Shue. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Botman, Selma. 1988. The Rise of Egyptian Communism, 1939–1970. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press.
Bowles, Samuel, and Herbert Gintis. 1990. “Contested Exchange: New Microfoundations for the Political Economy of Capitalism.” Politics and Society 18, pp. 165–222.
Bowley, Marian. 1966. The British Building Industry: Four Studies in Response and Resistance to Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bowman, John R. 1989. Capitalist Collective Action: Competition, Cooperation and Conflict in the Coal Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge UniversityPress.
British Chamber of Commerce of Egypt. 1905. List of Companies Established in Egypt. Fourth edition. Alexandria.
Brown, Nathan. 1993. “The Precarious Life and Slow Death of the Mixed Courts of Egypt.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 25, pp. 33–52.
Bryson, Thomas. 1981. Seeds of Mideast Crisis: The United States Diplomatic Role in the Middle East during World War II. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
Cain, P. J., and A. G. Hopkins. 1993. British Imperialism: Crisis and Deconstruction, 1914–1990. London: Longman.
Cammack, Paul. 1988. “Dependency and the Politics of Development.” In Perspectives on Development: Cross-Disciplinary Themes in Development Studies, edited by P. F. Leeson and M. M. Minogue. Manchester: University of Manchester Press.
Canack, William L. 1984. “The Peripheral State Debate: State Capitalist and Bureaucratic Authoritarian Regimes in Latin America.” Latin America Research Review 19, pp. 3–36.
Cardoso, Fernando Henrique, and Enzo Faletto. 1979. Dependency and Development in Latin America. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Chamber of Deputies, Committee on Financial Affairs [Majlis al-Nuwwab, Lajna al-Shu’un al-Maliyya]. 1948. Taqrir al-lajna ‘an mashru‘ kahraba khazan ’Aswan (Report of the committee on the Aswan Dam electrification project). Report 111. Cairo: Royal Printing Office.
Chaudhry, Kiren. 1989. “The Price of Wealth: Business and State in Labor Remittance and Oil Economies.” International Organization 43, pp. 101–145.
——————. 1993. “The Myths of the Market and the Common History of Late Developers.” Politics and Society 21, pp. 245–275.
Clawson, Patrick. 1981. “The Development of Capitalism in Egypt.” Khamsin 9, pp. 77–116.
Colander, David C., ed. 1984. Neoclassical Political Economy: The Analysis of Rent-Seeking and DUP Activities. Cambridge, Mass.: Ballinger.
Colburn, Forrest D. 1986. Post-revolutionary Nicaragua: State, Class, and the Dilemmas of Agrarian Policy. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Collins, Jeffrey G. 1984. The Egyptian Elite under Cromer, 1882–1907. Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag.
Commission du Commerce et de l’Industrie. 1918. Rapport. Cairo: Imprimerie Nationale.
Cooper, Marc. 1982. Transformation of Egypt. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Crouchley, A. E. 1936. The Investment of Foreign Capital in Egyptian Companies and Public Debt. Technical Paper 12, Egyptian Ministry of Finance. Cairo: Government Press.
Dahl, Robert. 1959. “Business and Politics: A Critical Appraisal of Political Science.” In Social Science Research on Business: Product and Potential, edited by Robert Dahl, Mason Haire and Paul Lazarsfeld. New York: Columbia University Press.
Daninos, Adrian. 1922. Mushkila al-’azut fi Misr wa ’ahmiyya al-quwa al-ma’iyya fi ’Aswan lil-zira‘a al-masriyya (The problem of fertilizers in Egypt and the importance of hydropower in Aswan for Egyptian agriculture). Cairo.
Davenport-Hines, R. P. T. 1984a. Dictionary of Business Biography, s.v. “Norton-Griffiths, John.” London: Butterworths.
——————. 1984b. Dudley Docker: The Life and Times of a Trade Warrior. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Davis, Eric. 1977. “Bank Misr and the Political Economy of Industrialization in Egypt, 1920–1941.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Chicago.
——————. 1983. Challenging Colonialism: Bank Misr and Egyptian Industrialization, 1920–1941. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Dawley, Alan. 1991. Struggles for Justice: Social Responsibility and the Liberal State. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Deeb, Marius. 1976. “Bank Misr and the Emergence of the Local Bourgeoisie in Egypt.” Middle Eastern Studies 12, pp. 69–86.
——————. 1978. “The Socioeconomic Role of the Local Foreign Minorities in Modern Egypt, 1805–1961.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 9, pp. 11–22.
——————. 1979. Party Politics in Egypt: The Wafd and Its Rivals, 1919–1939. London: Ithaca Press.
——————. 1984. “Large Landowners and Social Transformation in Egypt 1940–1942.” In Land Tenure and Social Transformation in the Middle East, edited by Tarif Khalidi. Beirut: American University of Beirut.
De Guerville, A. B. 1905. New Egypt. London: Heinemann.
Dekmejian, R. Hrair. 1971. Egypt under Nasir: A Study in Political Dynamics. Albany: State University of New York Press.
DeNovo, John. 1977. “The Culbertson Economic Mission and Anglo-American Tensions in the Middle East, 1944–1945.” Journal of American History 63, pp. 913–936.
Department of Overseas Trade [U.K.]. 1928. Report on the Economic and Financial Conditions in Egypt for 1927. London.
de Soto, Hernando. 1989. The Other Path: The Invisible Revolution in the Third World. New York: Harper & Row.
Devereux, Eric August. 1988. “Economic Models of Interest Groups and the Investment Theory of Political Parties.” Master’s thesis, University of Texas at Austin.
Dummelow, John. 1949. 1899–1949 [Metrovic company history]. Manchester: Metropolitan Vickers Electrical Company Ltd.
Dunkerley, James. 1982. The Long War: Dictatorship and Revolution in El Salvador. London: Verso.
Durrah, ’Albir [Albert Dorra]. 1939. Muhadara ‘an mashru‘ tawlid al-kahraba min khazan ’Aswan ka-hal li-mushkila tamwin al-sina‘a al-masriyya bil-quwa al-haraka (Lecture on the project for the generation of electricity from the Aswan Dam as the solution to the problem of supplying Egyptian industry with power). Publication 138. Cairo: Royal Society of Engineers.
Evans, Peter. 1979. Dependent Development: The Alliance of Multinational, State and Local Capital in Brazil. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Evans, Peter, and John D. Stephens. 1988. “Studying Development since the Sixties: The Emergence of a New Comparative Political Economy.” Theory and Society 17, pp. 713–745.
Fatton, Robert, Jr. 1988. “Bringing the Ruling Class Back In: Class, State, and Hegemony in Africa.” Comparative Politics 20, pp. 253–264.
Ferguson, Thomas. 1983. “Party Realignment and American Industrial Structure: The Investment Theory of Political Parties in Historical Perspective.” In Research in Political Economy, edited by Paul Zarembka, volume 6. Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press.
el-Ghazali, Abd el-Hamid. 1971. Planning for Economic Development: Methodology, Strategy, and Effectiveness. Cairo: Modern Cairo Bookshop.
Godfried, Nathan. 1987. Bridging the Gap between Rich and Poor: American Economic Development Policy toward the Arab East, 1942–1949. New York: Greenwood Press.
Goldberg, Ellis. 1986. Tinker, Tailor and Textile Worker: Class and Politics in Egypt, 1930–1954. Berkeley: University of California Press.
——————. 1992. “The Foundations of State-Labor Relations in Contemporary Egypt.” Comparative Politics 24, pp. 147–162.
Gordon, Joel. 1989. “The False Hopes of 1950: The Wafd’s Last Hurrah and the Demise of Egypt’s Old Order.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 21, pp. 193–214.
——————. 1992. Nasser’s Blessed Movement: Egypt’s Free Officers and the July Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press.
Gran, Peter. 1978. “Modern Trends in Egyptian Historiography: A Review Article.” International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 9, pp. 367–371.
el-Gritly, A. A. I. 1947. “The Structure of Modern Industry in Egypt.” L’Egypte contemporaine 38, pp. 241–242.
Haber, William. 1931. Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (London), s.v. “construction industry.”
Haggard, Stephan. 1986. “The Newly Industrializing Countries in the International System.” World Politics 38, pp. 343–370.
——————. 1989. “The Political Economy of Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America.” Latin America Research Review 24, pp. 184–208.
Hahn, Peter. 1991. The United States, Great Britain and Egypt, 1945–1956: Strategy and Diplomacy in the Early Cold War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Hamilton, Nora. 1982. The Limits of State Autonomy: Post-revolutionary Mexico. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Handoussa, Heba. 1974. “The Pharmaceutical Industry in Egypt.” Ph.D. dissertation, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
Hanna, Nelly. 1984. Construction Work in Ottoman Cairo (1517–1798). Supplément aux Annales Islamogiques, book 4. Cairo: Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale.
Hannah, Leslie. 1978. Electricity before Nationalization: A Study of the Development of the Electricity Supply Industry in Britain to 1948. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Hansen, Bent. 1991. The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity, and Growth: Egypt and Turkey. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hansen, Bent, and Girgis A. Marzouk. 1965. Development and Economic Policy in the UAR (Egypt). Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing.
Harris, Nigel. 1987. The End of the Third World: Newly Industrializing Countries And the Decline of an Ideology. London: Penguin.
Hawes, Gary. 1987. The Philippine State and the Marcos Regime: The Politics of Export. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Hawes, Gary, and Hong Liu. 1993. “Explaining the Dynamics of the Southeast Asian Political Economy: State, Society and the Search for Economic Growth.” World Politics 45, pp. 629–660.
Haykal, Muhammad Hushamza. 1986. Cutting the Lion’s Tail: Suez through Egyptian Eyes. London: A. Deutsch.
Held, David. 1992. “Democracy: From City-States to a Cosmopolitan Order?” Political Studies 40, pp. 10–39.
Hillebrandt, Patricia M. 1974. Economic Theory and the Construction Industry. London: Macmillan.
Hinnebusch, Raymond A. 1985. Egyptian Politics under Sadat: The Post-Populist Development of an Authoritarian-Modernizing State. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Hubbard, G. E. 1935. Eastern Industrialization and Its Effects on the West. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hughes, Thomas P. 1983. Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society 1880–1930. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Hussein, Mahmud. 1977. Class Conflict in Egypt, 1945–1970. Second edition. New York: Monthly Review Press.
Issa, Hossam M. 1970. Capitalisme et sociétés anonymes en Egypte: Essai sur la rapport entre structure sociale et droit. Paris. Librairie Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence.
Issawi, Charles. 1954. Egypt at Mid-Century: An Economic Analysis. London: Oxford University Press.
——————. 1961. “Egypt since 1800: A Study of Lop-Sided Development.” Journal of Economic History 21, pp. 1–25.
——————. 1963. Egypt in Revolution: An Economic Analysis. London: Oxford University Press.
——————. [1967] 1975. The Economic History of the Middle East 1800–1914: A Book of Readings. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Midway.
Jones, Robert, and Oliver Marriott. 1970. Anatomy of a Merger. London: Jonathan Cape.
Jung-en Woo. 1991. Race to the Swift: State and Finance in Korean Industrialization. New York: Columbia University Press.
Kalkas, Barbara Ellen. 1979. “Aborted Economic and Social Development in Egypt: New Leaders in an Old System.” Ph.D. dissertation, Northwestern University.
Kasaba, Resat. 1988. The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Keddie, Nikki R. 1981. “Socioeconomic Change in the Middle East since 1800: A Comparative Analysis.” In The Islamic Middle East, 700–1900: Studies in Economic and Social History, edited by A. L. Udovitch. Princeton, N.J.: Darwin Press.
Keyder, Caglar. 1987. State and Class in Turkey: A Study in Capitalist Development. London: Verso.
——————. 1988. “Introduction.” Review 11, pp. 119–126.
——————. 1991. “The Turkish Bourgeoisie: Its Genesis and Evolution in Comparative Perspective.” Unpublished paper.
Khadr, Hassan, and Amin Hassoun. 1954. Egypt’s Republic in Its First Year. Cairo: Department of Public Relations of the Egyptian Armed Forces.
el-Kholy, M. A. 1957. “Hydro-electric Schemes of Modern Egypt with Particular Reference to the High Dam Project South of Aswan.” Section H, Paper 233 H/41. 5th World Power Conference, volume 13. Vienna.
Kitching, Gaven. 1985. “Politics, Method, and Evidence in the ‘Kenya Debate.’ ” . In Contradictions of Accumulation in Africa, edited by Henry Bernstein and Bonnie K. Campbell. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage.
Kitroeff, Alexander. 1989. The Greeks in Egypt, 1919–1937: Ethnicity and Class. London: Ithaca Press.
Kolko, Gabriel. 1985. Anatomy of a War: Vietnam, the United States and the Modern Historical Experience. New York: Pantheon.
Krämer, Gudrun. 1983. “ ‘Radical’ Nationalists, Fundamentalists, and the Jews in Egypt or, Who Is a Real Egyptian?” . In Islam, Nationalism,and Radicalism in Egypt and the Sudan, edited by Gabriel R. Warburg and Uri M. Kupferschmidt. New York: Praeger.
——————. 1989. The Jews in Modern Egypt, 1914–1952. Publications on the Near East, University of Washington, no. 4. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
Kunz, Diane B. 1991. The Economic Diplomacy of the Suez Crisis. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Lachica, Eduardo. 1971. The Huk: Philippine Agrarian Society in Revolt. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House.
Lacouture, Jean, and Simonne Lacouture. 1958. Egypt in Transition. Translated by Francis Scarfe. New York: Criterion Books.
Landau, Jacob. 1969. Jews in Nineteenth-Century Egypt. New York: New York University Press.
Landes, David. [1958] 1979. Bankers and Pashas: International Finance and Economic Imperialism in Egypt. Revised edition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Leff, Nathaniel. 1978. “Industrial Organization and Entrepreneurship in the Developing Countries: The Economic Groups.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 26, pp. 661–675.
——————. 1979a. “Entrepreneurship and Economic Development: The Problem Revisited.” Journal of Economic Literature 17, pp. 46–64.
——————. 1979b. “ ‘Monopoly Capitalism’ and Public Policy in Developing Countries.” Kyklos 32, pp. 718–738.
Lemonias, Hermes. 1954. “Monopoly, Oligopoly and Monopolistic Competition in the Egyptian Manufacturing Industries.” Bachelor’s thesis, American University in Cairo.
Levi, Clement, ed. 1952. The Stock Exchange Year Book of Egypt. 1950–1951 edition. Alexandria: Société des Publications Egyptiennes.
Lindblom, Charles. 1977. Politics and Markets: The World’s Political-Economic Systems. New York: Basic Books.
Lloyd, E. M. H. 1956. Food and Inflation in the Middle East, 1940–1945. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
Louis, Wm. Roger. 1984. The British Empire in the Middle East 1945–1951: Arab Nationalism, the United States, and Postwar Imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lubeck, Paul M., ed. 1987. The African Bourgeoisie: Capitalist Development in Nigeria, Kenya, and the Ivory Coast. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner.
Maghraoui, Abdeslam. 1991. “Dilemmas of Liberalism in the Middle East: A Reading of the Liberal Experiment in Egypt, 1920s-1930s.” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Politics, Princeton University.
Mahmud Mutawalli. 1985. Dirasat fi tarikh Misr al-siyasi wa al-iqtisadi wa al-ijtima‘i (Studies in Egypt’s political, economic and social history). Cairo: Dar al-Thaqafa lil-Taba‘at wa al-Nashr.
Makram ‘Ubayd. [1943] 1984. Al-Kitab al-aswad (The black book). Cairo: al-Markaz al-‘Arabiyya lil Buhuth wa al-Nashr.
Markovits, Claude. 1985. Indian Business and Nationalist Politics 1931–1939. London: Cambridge University Press.
Marsot, Afaf Lutfi al-Sayyid. 1977. Egypt’s Liberal Experiment 1922–1936. Berkeley: University of California Press.
——————. 1984. Egypt in the Reign of Muhammad Ali. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. 1888. Manifesto of the Communist Party. English edition, edited by Friedrich Engels. (Reprinted in Robert C. Tucker, ed., The Marx-Engels Reader, second edition. New York: Norton, 1978.)
Mason, Edward S., et al. 1980. The Economic and Social Modernization of the Republic of Korea. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Maxfield, Sylvia. 1990. Governing Capital: International Finance and Mexican Politics. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Maxfield, Sylvia, and James H. Nolt. 1990. “Protectionism and the Internationalization of Capital: U.S. Sponsorship of Import Substitution Industrialization in the Philippines, Turkey and Argentina.” International Studies Quarterly 34, pp. 49–81.
Meijer, Roel. 1990. “Rashid al-Barrawi and the Ideology of Reform in Egypt, 1945–1955.” Unpublished paper.
Meyer, Gail E. 1980. Egypt and the United States: The Formative Years. Cranbury, N.J.: Associated University Presses.
Middlemas, Robert Keith. 1963. The Master Builders. London: Hutchinson.
Mikesell, Raymond. 1954. “Economic Doctrines Implied in the Reports of the United Nations and the International Bank for Reconstruction.” American Economic Review 44, pp. 570–582.
Ministry of Commerce and Industry. 1955. Opportunities for Industrial Development in Egypt. Cairo: Government Press. (A. D. Little, Report to U.S. Government Foreign Operations Administration under Contract SCC-21504 C-58780. Cambridge, Mass., 1954.)
Mitchell, Timothy. 1988. Colonizing Egypt. London: Cambridge University Press.
Monteón, Michael. 1982. Chile in the Nitrate Era: The Evolution of Economic Dependence, 1880–1930. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Moore, Clement Henry. 1980. Images of Development: Egyptian Engineers in Search of Industry. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Morsy, Laila Amin. 1989. “Britain’s Wartime Policy in Egypt, 1940–42.” Middle Eastern Studies 25, pp. 64–94.
Mustafa Kamil al-Sayyid. 1983. Al-Mujtama‘ wa al-siyasa fil Misr: Dawr jama‘at al-masalah fi al-nizam al-siyasi al-misri, 1952–1981 (Associations and politics in Egypt: The role of interest groups in the Egyptian political system, 1952–1981). Cairo: Dar al-Mustaqbal al-‘Arabi.
Newfarmer, Richard. 1980. Transnational Conglomerates and the Economics of Dependent Development: A Case Study of the International Electrical Oligopoly and Brazil’s Electrical Industry. Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press.
O’Brien, Patrick. 1966. The Revolution in Egypt’s Economic System: From Private Enterprise to Socialism, 1952–1965. London: Oxford University Press.
O’Brien, Thomas F. 1989. “‘Rich beyond the Dreams of Avarice’: The Guggenheims in Chile.” Business History Review 63, pp. 122–159.
Olson, Mancur. 1971. The Logic of Collective Action. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Owen, E. R. J. 1966. “Lord Cromer and the Development of Egyptian Industry, 1883–1907.” Middle Eastern Studies 2, pp. 282–301.
——————. 1969. Cotton and the Egyptian Economy. London: Oxford University Press.
——————. 1972. “The Cairo Building Industry and the Building Boom of 1897–1907.” In Colloque international sur l’histoire du Caire, edited by the Ministry of Culture, Arab Republic of Egypt. Cairo: General Book Organization.
——————. 1981a. “The Development of Agricultural Production in Nineteenth Century Egypt: Capitalism of What Type?” . In The Islamic Middle East, 700–1900: Studies in Economic and Social History, edited by Avram Udovitch. Princeton, N.J.: Darwin Press.
——————. 1981b. “The Ideology of Economic Nationalism in Its Egyptian Context: 1919–1939.” In Intellectual Life in the Arab East, 1890–1939, edited by Marwan R. Buheiry. Beirut: American University in Beirut.
Pamuk, Sevket. 1988. “The Ottoman Empire in Comparative Perspective.” Review 11, pp. 127–150.
Papasian, Ed. 1926. L’Egypte économique et financière. Cairo: Imprimerie Misr.
Park Chung Hee. 1963. The Country, the Revolution and I. Seoul: n.p.
Philipp, Thomas. 1985. The Syrians in Egypt, 1725–1975. Stuttgart: Franze Steiner Verlag Weisbaden GMBH.
Phillips, Anne. 1977. “The Concept of Development.” Review of African Political Economy 8, pp. 8–20.
——————. 1989. The Enigma of Colonialism: British Policy in West Africa. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Picot, Jacques-George. 1978. The Real Suez Crisis: The End of a Great Nineteenth Century Work. Translated by G. Rogers. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Pilavachi, George. 1932. Cotton Year Book for 1931–1932. Cairo: Société des Publications Egyptiennes.
Platt, Raye R., and Mohammed Bahy Hefny. 1958. Egypt: A Compendium. New York: American Geographical Society.
Plotke, David. 1992. “The Political Mobilization of Business.” In The Politics of Interests, edited by Mark Petracca. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
Polk, Judd. 1956. Sterling: Its Meaning in World Finance. New York: Harper Brothers.
Posusney, Marsha Pripstein. 1991. “Workers against the State: Actors, Issues and Outcomes in Egyptian Labor/State Relations, 1952–1987.” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, University of Pennsylvania.
——————. 1993. “Irrational Workers: The Moral Economy of Labor Protest in Egypt.” World Politics 46, pp. 83–121.
Przeworski, Adam. 1980. “Material Bases of Consent: Economics and Politics in a Hegemonic System.” In Political Power and Social Theory, edited by Paul Zarembka, volume 1. Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press.
al-Qaddah, Hamid. 1979. “Min amjad al-muhandisin” (The Most Illustrious Engineers). Majallah al-Muhandisin, October, pp. 155–163.
Rashid al-Barrawi. 1952. Haqiqa al-inqilab al-akhir fi Misr (The truth about the last coup in Egypt). Cairo: Maktaba al-Nahda al-Misriyya.
Rashid al-Barrawi and Muhammad Maza ‘Ulaysh. 1945. Al-Tatawwur al-iqtisadi fi Misr fi al-‘asr al-hadith (The economic development of Egypt in the modern era). Second edition. Cairo: Maktaba al-Nahda al-Misriyya.
Reader, William J. 1970. Imperial Chemical Industries: A History. 2 vols. London: Oxford University Press.
Richards, Alan. 1980. “Agricultural Technology and Rural Social Classes in Egypt, 1920–1939.” In Modern Egypt, edited by Elie Kedourie and Sylvia G. Haim. London: Frank Cass.
——————. 1982. Egypt’s Agricultural Development, 1800–1980. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
——————. 1992. “ ‘America’s Egypt’: A Flawed Critique.” Middle East Report. no. 174, pp. 2, 43–44.
Richards, Alan, and John Waterbury. 1990. A Political Economy of the Middle East: State, Class and Economic Development. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
Ritchie, Donald M. 1980. James M. Landis: Dean of the Regulators. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
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