INDEX

A

Absolutely Positive. See Peter Adair; Greg Cassin

Acer, David, 83 ;

accused of intentionally infecting patients, 87 ;

denies infecting patients, 88 ;

identified as causing HIV infection in patients, 6 , 200n 5

Activism:

as American tradition, 149 ;

and anti-regulatory government, 148 ;

criticism of, 148 -149, 162 , 163 , 171 -172;

goals of, 49 -50, 91 -92, 167 , 183 -184;

and obituaries, 62 -66;

poster art of, 113 -117;

protest at St. Patrick's Cathedral, 146 , 148 -149, 208n 6

ACT UP, 28 , 113 , 115 , 146 , 164 , 168 . See also Activism

Adair, Peter, 185 , 186 , 212n 4

Afterlife. See Paul Monette

AIDS:

causes of, 17 ;

communicability of, 23 , 158 , 167 ;

control of, 15 -19, 20 ;

costs of, 135 -138, 141 -142, 168 -169;

culpability for, 14 -15;

cures for, 5 ;

discrimination, 20 , 71 , 76 , 167 -168;

education about, 76 ;

effect of on social institutions, 156 -157, 159 -160;

estimates of incidence and prevalence, 17 , 21 , 23 , 94 , 110 , 151 , 154 , 202 n 35;

funding for, 145 , 149 , 154 ;

future of, 5 , 11 -12, 20 ff , 152 -153, 156 -157, 184 , 187 , 191 n 30;

as global terror, 21 , 23 ;

and homosexuality, 14 -15, 17 -18;

idiopathic, 23 -24, 192n 44-48;

meaning for ethics, 1 -5;

medical knowledge of, 16 , 30 -31;

moral interpretations of, 185 -186, 187 ;

and nuclear holocaust, 21 ;

origins of, 2 -3, 5 , 11 , 12ff , 20 , 111 , 122 , 159 ;

punishment theory of, 3 , 4 , 167 , 174 ;

search for a cure of, 28ff , 39ff (see also Cure; Treatment; PWAs);

and social obligations, 20 -22, 40 -41;

stigmatization of, 31 ;

theological views of, 3 ;

underground, 36 -38;

vectors of, 14 -15, 17 .

See also Cure; HIV infection; HIV testing

AIDS: Images for Survival. See Charles M. Helmken

The AIDS Cover-Up? See Gene Antonio

Al-721, experimental drug. See AZT

Albini, Cesar, 20

American Medical Association (AMA):

advisory about disclosing diagnoses, 93 , 202n 1-2;

policy on discrimination, 34 ;

views on immigration policies, 205n 2

American Psychiatric Association (APA), 33 , 193n 18

Amsterdam, 8th International AIDS Conference, 23 , 132 , 191n 36

"Anointers," intending infection of others, 11

Antonio, Gene, speculation about AIDS, 21

Aoun, Hacib, 200n 4

Apartheid in the cemetery, 65

Apter, Emily, 42 , 45 , 193 n 9, 194n 46, 194n 63, 198n 19

"Arsenio Hall Show," 79

Ashe, Arthur:

disclosure of AIDS, 76 , 78 , 82 , 197n 12;

educational efforts, 77 , 79 , 81 ;

fundraising efforts, 77 , 79 , 198n 17

Asklepios, 24

AZT:

experimental study of, 33 , 39 ;

uncertainties about worth, 45 , 49

B

Bateson, Mary Catherine, 4 , 191n 19

Bathhouses, 15 -16

Bayer, Ronald:

images of the future, 12 , 20 , 190n 6, 211n 31;

on rejection of "voluntarist" anti-AIDS measures, 20

Beijing Medical University, 108

Bergalis, George:

denial of willful infection by dentist, 88 , 201 n 25;

view of daughter's infection, 86

Bergalis, Kimberly:

infection of, 69 , 82 , 83 ;

"innocence" of, 84 , 87 -88, 90 -91;

interest in HIV testing of health workers, 6 , 82 , 83 ;

reaction to illness, 83 , 87 , 90 ;

testimony before Congress, 83 -84

Berlin, 9th International AIDS Conference, 49

Bill, American pharmaceutical executive, 45 -47

Bisexuality, 88 , 91

Blendon, Robert J., 197n 8, 201n 19, 210n 14-15

Bob Damron's Address Book , 134

Borrowed Time. See Paul Monette

Boston, cancelled as conference site, 132

Bowen, Peter M., 192n 52

Brennan, Troyen A., 197n 9

Bridges, Fabian, 69

Buridan's ass, 46

Burnham, P. J., 202n 8

Burris, Scott, 203n 20

Bush, George:

as AIDS activist, 7 , 148 ;

in campaign debate, 144 , 145 -149;

criticism of activism, 146 , 148 -149, 154 -155, 208n 6, 209n 7;

on immigration policy, 130 , 132 ;

representation in AIDS poster, 116

C

Cady, Thomas, 85

Cameron, Miriam, 212n 3

Camus, Albert, 186 , 212n 7

Canada, 136

Candidiasis , 161

Cantwell, Alan, 189n 2

Carter, Erica, 192n 1

Cassandra, 24

Cassin, Greg:

"amazing angels," 186 ;

right to be HIV-positive, 185

CDC. See Centers for Disease Control

Celebrities and AIDS:

disclosure of diagnoses, 6 , 69ff , 76ff ;

importance of involvement, 70 , 76ff , 79 ;

involvement in AIDS education, 70 , 76 ;

recruitment by physicians, 73 -76, 80 .

See also Arthur Ashe; Kimberly Bergalis; Brad Davis; Perry Ellis; Michel Foucault; Paul Gann; Ali Gertz; Whoopi Goldberg; Rock Hudson; Larry Kramer; Liberace; Stuart McKinney; Rudolf Nureyev; Anthony Perkins; Robert Reed; Max Robinson; Randy Shilts; Elizabeth Taylor; Ryan White

Cemetery, 60

Centers for Disease Control (CDC):

on emergence of AIDS, 33 , 183 , 187 , 212 n 1;

on exposure-prone procedures, 95 , 119 , 205n 19

Chamberland, Mary E., 200n 5

Chapman, James E., et al., 211n 23

Chiang Kai-shek, 111

Chicago:

controversy over Gran Fury poster in, 113 -116;

councilmen object to promotion of homosexuality, 113 , 116 , 204 n 17

China:

attitudes toward HIV in, 110 -112, 121 -125;

ethical problems in health care and, 109 ;

incidence of AIDS in, 110 -112, 204n 7;

merits of Great Wall, 110 ;

poster art in, 117 ;

student exercises in HIV policy, 7 , 118 -120;

teaching experience in, 7 , 108 -109, 116 -117;

views on homoeroticism in, 122 -123, 124 ;

visitor policy regarding HIV, 109

Christensen, Caryn, et al., 198n 10

Christian, Marc, 77 , 198n 20

Christopher Street , 54

Chwast, Seymour, 114

Ciesielski, Carol, et al., 200n 5

Civilian War Dead in the United Kingdom , 64

Clark, Tom, 200n 1

Clinton, Bill:

in campaign debate, 146 , 151 -153;

goals for his administration, 152 -153, 155 ;

policies of his administration, 139 ;

pre-election views on HIV, 7 , 130

Clum, John, 192n 50

Coming out stories, 52

Confidentiality, 70

Congressional Research Service, 168

Cook, Molly, 211n 16

Cope, Dennis, 35

Cosmo, had wicked sense of humor, 55

Cox, Elizabeth, 57 , 58 , 60

Crimp, Douglas, 8 , 53 , 79 , 113 , 184 , 190n 2, 190n 4, 191n 15

Cunningham, Anne Marie, 197n 4

Cure:

duty to seek, 49 ;

existence of, 48 , 50 ;

meaning of search for, 32 , 36 -37, 40 , 47 , 48 ;

obstacles to, 49 , 194n 37;

social significance of, 20 , 40 -41, 48 .

See also Health care relations; Medicine; Placebo effect; Research methods; Treatment

Curran, Thomas J., 208n 46

Currey, Charles J., et al., 211n 16

D

Dalton, Harlon, 203n 20

Dancer from the Dance. See Andrew Holleran

Daniels, Norman, 203n 22

Dannemeyer, William E., 132 -133, 134 , 206n 19

Davis, Brad, 78

Dear Abby, 23

Death, meaning of, 36 , 51 , 61 -62, 66 , 164 , 172

Defoe, Daniel, 190n 3

Dental care as cause of HIV infection. See David Acer

De Ville, Kenneth, 203n 18

Disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis:

by celebrities, see Celebrities;

by health workers, see Health care relations

Diseased Pariah News , 62

Donelan, Karen, 197n 8, 201n 19, 210n 14-15

Drug users, 42 , 53 , 111 , 112 , 140 , 166 , 170

DuBois, Laurent, 207n 32

Dugas, Gaetan:

biography of, 12 -13;

characterized as Patient Zero, 11ff , 191n 15;

morality of, 13 ;

moral judgment on, 13 -14, 16 , 19

E

Eddie, knew strip shows in New York City, 55

Education:

acknowledging fallibility of, 151 , 153 , 165 -167;

homophobic aspects of, 18 ;

obstacles to, 86 ;

related to celebrity disclosure, 6

Elegiac art. See Testimony

Ellis, Perry, 77

Ellis Island, 129

Emigration:

Jewish Soviets, 142 ;

U.S. nationals with HIV abroad, 134 , 206 n 23.

See also Immigration

Engelhardt, H. Tristam, Jr., on health care relations, 101 , 105 , 197 n 11

Epidemic, defined, 184

Epitaphs for the Living. See Billy Howard

Equalitarian theory of resource provision. See Resource allocation

Ethics, nature of, 1 , 3 -5

Experimentation:

access to experimental drugs, 148 ;

expediting testing procedures, 148 , 150 , 157 ;

record of achievement so far, 168 ;

regulation of, 28 , 148 ;

relevance to disclosure of HIV infection, 100 , 103

Explanation of evil, 27

Exposure-prone procedures, 95 , 119 , 205n 19

F

Fallibility, meaning of, 185

Fang Fu Ruan, 205n 22

Farmer, Paul, 207n 32

Fee, Elizabeth, 207n 31

Feldman, Theodore, et al., 211n 16

Ferro, Robert, 195n 2

Ficarrotto, Thomas J., et al., 211n 16

Fierstein, Harvey, 164

Fineberg, Harvey V., 132 , 141

Fisher, Mary, 145 , 150 , 155 , 208n 4

Fleming, Bruce, 164 , 172

Fletcher, James L., 190n 6

Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 148 , 150 . See also Experimentation

Foucault, Michel:

death with AIDS, 69 , 77 ;

initial incredulity about AIDS, 43 ;

knowledge of AIDS diagnosis, 44 ;

views about death, 43

"Founding Statement of People with AIDS/ARC," 35

Fox, Daniel M., 207n 31

Fuchs, Lawrence, 208n 47

Fumento, Michael, 190n 9;

criticism of AIDS activists, AIDS education, and AIDS spending, 163 ;

criticized, 165

Funerals, 54

The future:

images of, 11 -12, 19 -27;

significance of, 22 , 24 -26

G

Gang, poster work of, 116 , 117

Gann, Paul, 69

"Gay cancer," 13

Gay men:

affected by AIDS, 36 -37, 54 ;

associated with death, 64 -65;

exclusionary immigration policy, 140 , 141 ;

and identity, 14 -15;

leaping into the sea, 52 ;

literature of and about, 52ff ;

obituaries of, 52ff ;

representations of, 14 -15, 17 ;

self-representations, 59 -60, 65 ;

social attention to, 163 , 169 , 170 ;

vulnerability to AIDS, 15 ;

without complaint, 15 .

See also Homophobia; Homosexuality

Gay-Related Infectious Disease (GRID), 13

Gee, Gayling, 197n 9

Gellert, George A., et al., 197n 1

General Accounting Office, 168

Gertz, Ali, 69

Gevitz, Norman, 194n 37

Gil, Vincent E., 205n 23

Gillon, Raanan, 189n 3

Gilman, Sander, 192n 49, 201n 14-15, 201n 20, 204n 8

Global Commission for the Certification of Smallpox Eradication, 211n 27

"God's country," 149

Goldberg, Whoopi, 77

Goldsby, Richard, 4 , 191n 19

Gostin, Lawrence, 203n 21

Graff, Leonard, 207n 40

Gran Fury, 113 , 162 , 204n 17. See also Chicago

"Gray, Dorian," 39

Greenfield, William R., 207n 17

Gregg, C. T., 211n 28

GRID, 13

Gridlock, 155

Gover, Jan Zita, 201n 23

Guantánamo, 138 -139

Guibert, Hervé:

nature of his writing, 42 ;

representations of Foucault, 42 ;

To the Friend Who Did Not Save My Life , 42 -47, 194n 45

Guide Michelin , 134

Guillén, Mauro F., 168 , 211 n 21

H

Haitians:

court rulings on, 139 ;

in detention camp, 138 -139;

with HIV/AIDS, 138

Hall, Richard, 52

Harper, Phillip Brian, 199n 22

Häyry, Heta, 21

Häyry, Matti, 21

HBV (hepatitis B virus), 120

Health and Human Services, Department of, 131 , 133 , 134

Health care institutions:

affected by immigrants with HIV/AIDS, 7 ;

burdens for public institutions, 136 -137

Health care relations:

adversarial components of, 100 -101;

AMA advisories about disclosure of diagnoses, 93 ;

depersonalization in, 31ff , 43 -44;

diagnostic uncertainty in, 30 -31, 39 ;

HIV infection by dentist, 6 , 69 , 82 ;

legislative oversight of, 83 , 86 , 88 , 107 ;

patient-physician relation, 30 , 98 , 100 -101;

physicians and the public health, 75 -76;

recruitment for causes in, 73 -76;

right to know about HIV/AIDS diagnoses in, 6 -7, 93 ff ;

testing for HIV, 6 , 83 , 86 .

See also Hacib Aoun; Health care workers; HIV testing; Homophobia

Health care workers:

duty to treat PWAs, 168 , 195 n 75;

with HIV/AIDS, 94 , 96 , 108 -109, 118 -119, 202n 10;

infected occupationally, 94 ;

obligation to disclose HIV/AIDS diagnosis, 6 -7, 93 , 94ff , 102 , 103 -107, 120 -121;

right to privacy, 97 -98;

testing

for HIV, 83 , 118 .

See also China, student exercises on HIV policy; HIV testing

Heaven, perceived value of, 61

Heckler, Margaret, 49

Helmken, Charles M., 113 , 204 n 10, 205n 18

Helms, Jesse, 129 , 130

Hepatitis B virus, 120

Hermann, Donald H. J., 203n 20

Herron, Matt, 196n 34

Heterosexual symbolism, 87

Hettwer, John B., 60

Hilferty, Robert, 208n 6

Hinsch, Bret, 123 , 205n 22

HIV infection:

immaculate, 89 ;

moral meaning of, 86 , 187 ;

perception of communicability, 116 , 124 -125, 130 , 131 ;

right to, 185

HIV testing:

anonymous, 70ff ;

and employability, 99 , 118 ;

and immigration policy, 129ff ;

limitations of, 1 , 98 ;

and the military, 2 , 189n 1;

occupational infection, 85 , 94 , 200n 13;

and "panicked" testing, 71 , 81 ;

purposes of, 70 , 87 , 91 , 202n 5-6;

as self-incurred, 147 , 164 , 165 -166, 170 , 174 , 180 , 212n 6;

testing policies, 3 , 91 , 94 , 118 -120, 202n 34;

use of test centers, 70 -73.

See also George Bush; Bill Clinton; Immigration

Holleran, Andrew:

Dancer from the Dance , 54 ;

Nights in Aruba , 54 ;

testimonials, 54 -56, 58 ;

views on responsibilities for AIDS, 50 -51;

writing about AIDS, 62 -63

Homelessness, 41

Homophobia:

and blame for AIDS, 16 -17, 79 , 125 , 160 ;

in disclosure of infection and illness, 79 , 95 ;

in medicine, 29 , 34 -36

Homosexuality:

alleged promotion of by AIDS poster, 113 , 116 , 162 ;

in Chinese culture, 111 , 122 -123, 124 ;

and immigration policies, 140 ;

medical treatment of, 33 ;

medicine's pathological views of, 33 , 34 .

See AIDS, and homosexuality; Gay men; Lesbians

Hope, 27 , 29 , 36

Horton, Meurig, 192n 1

Horwitz, Roger. See Paul Monette

Howard, Billy, 113 , 204n 14

Hudson, Rock, 69 , 72 , 73 , 77 , 82 , 198n 20

Hujar, Peter, 38

Humor and AIDS, 62

Humphry, Derek, 195n 79

I

Iglehart, John K., 211n 23

Illingworth, Patricia, 169 , 191 n 25, 211n 25

Immaculate infection, 89

Immigration:

Ellis Island, 129 ;

Emma Lazarus, 130 ;

entitlement to, 141 , 142 ;

estimates of immigrants with HIV, 133 , 134 , 140 ;

estimating costs of immigrants, 7 , 130 , 135 -137, 140 ;

history of law on, 129 , 130 ;

and homosexuality, 140 , 141 , 207n 40;

medical barriers to, 129 , 131 , 164 ;

nativist concerns about, 129 ;

policy on HIV, 7 , 129 , 130 , 133 ;

politics of, 109 -110, 131 -133, 140 , 142 -143, 164 ;

protecting public health, 130 -132, 133 , 135 ;

xenophobia, 130 , 135 , 138 -140.

See also Emigration

Immigration and Naturalization Service, 131

Imperial War Graves Commission, 64

India, 23

Informed consent:

consistency of, 102 , 107 ;

disclosure of risks, 93 , 94ff , 105 ;

in health care relations, 94 , 99 ;

possibility of, 95ff .

See also Health care relations

Institute of Medicine, 168 , 211 n 22

Insurance, right of employers to limit, 141 , 154 , 208n 45, 209n 11

Ireland, 25

Irish, views of as unfit citizens, 142

J

Jeffrey , 196n 36

Johnson, Earvin "Magic," 69 , 72 , 73 , 76 , 79 , 82 , 121 , 145 , 146 , 198 n 14

Jonas, Hans, 158 , 210n 27

Jones, James W., 201n 26

Jonsen, Albert R., 175 -176, 195n 81, 209n 13, 211n 32, 212n 34

Joseph, Stephen, 41

Justice, Department of, 131

"Just say no," 147 , 153

K

Kass, Leon, 210n 10

Kemp, Jack, 209n 10

Kennedy, John F., 183 , 187

Kevorkian, Jack, 49 , 195n 79

"Kissing doesn't kill," 113 , 116 , 123 -124, 125 , 162 , 204 n 17

Kleiner, Dick, 200n 1

Koch, Ed, 41

Kopelman, Loretta M., 212n 39

Kramer, Larry, 28 , 77 , 168 , 198n 18;

belief in a cure, 48 , 50 ;

Reports from the Holocaust , 193n 2, 195n 76

Krauthammer, Charles, 162 , 163

Kübler-Ross, Elisabeth, 4

L

Landers, Ann, 89

Lange, J. M. A., et al., 203n 16

Laughter, 62

Law, tort remedies for HIV exposure, 104ff . See also Court decisions; Health care relations; Immigration

Lazarus, Emma, 130

Leavitt, David, 195n 2

Leavitt, Judith Walzer, 207n 42

Leibowitch, Jacques, 190n 5

LeMay, Martin C., 208n 50

Lesbians, and past exclusionary immigration policy, 140 , 141

Letter to the editor. See New England Journal of Medicine

Liberace, 69 , 78 , 199 n 29

Libertarians, 174 , 208n 2

Life , 84 , 200n 10

Li Peng, 116

Longtime Companion :

criticism of, 26 , 192n 52;

narrative dissolution of time, 25 -27

Love Alone. See Paul Monette

Lucas, Craig, 26

Ludlam, Charles, founder of the Ridiculous Theater, 56

M

MacIntyre, Alasdair, 176

"Magic bullet," 36 , 41

Maingot, Anthony P., 207n 41

Malone, looking for love, 54

Mann, Jonathan, 110 , 204n 2

Manzoni, Alessandro, 190n 3

Marcel, Gabriel, 63

Marrou, Andre, 208n 2

Marsden, P. D., 206n 24

Mason, Belinda, member of National Commission on AIDS and self-described Tupperware housewife, 69

Matthews, Eric, 202n 33

Maupin, Armistead, 195n 2

McCauley, Stephen, 195n 2

McKinney, Stuart, 69 , 77 -78

Medical Journal of Australia , 112 , 204 n 9

Medicine:

cures for homosexuality, 33 ;

gay presence in, 32 , 35 ;

and homophobia, 29 , 34 -36;

iatrogenic effects, 30ff , 44 ;

limitations of, 38 , 41 , 43ff ;

orthodox, 39 , 42.

See also Cure; Health care relations; Research methods; Treatment

Mercitron, 49

Michael, went to Cornell, 56

Mickler, Ernie, author of White Trash Cooking , 55 , 64

Military, bar on gay men and lesbians, 2 , 200n 11

Miller, James:

"AIDS in the Novel," 13 , 26 , 191n 13, 192n 51, 206n 26;

Passion of Michel Foucault , 194n 47, 198n 19

Misogyny, 79

Mohr, Richard D., 8 , 21 , 169 , 196n 5, 200n 11, 201n 21, 211n 24

Monette, Paul, 199n 25;

Afterlife , 37 ;

Borrowed Time , 29ff , 58 -59, 66 ;

commitment to AIDS cure, 48 ;

Love Alone , 58 , 196n 22;

relation with Roger Horwitz, 30ff , 58 -59, 64

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 33 , 183 , 187 , 212n 1

Murphy, Timothy F., 189n 6, 192n 49, 193n 9, 193n 18, 194n 44, 198n 19, 201n 26, 204n 15, 206n 20, 212n 33

Musto, David, 207n 31, 207n 39

Muzil. See Michel Foucault

The Myth of Heterosexual AIDS. See Michael Fumento

N

Names Project Memorial Quilt, 5 , 60 -61, 65 , 150

National Commission on AIDS, 69 , 130 , 168

National Research Council, 49 , 144 , 156ff ;

authorship of report, 156 ;

criticized, 157 -160;

description of epidemic, 156 ;

description of social effects, 7 , 156 -157

Nativism, 129 , 140 . See also Emigration; Immigration

Navarre, Max, 201n 26

Needle-exchange programs, 170

Needle-stick injuries, 82

New England Journal of Medicine :

on celebrity disclosure, 70 ;

letter to the editor, 69ff ;

views on physician responsibility, 75 , 76

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 3 , 4 , 189n 5

Nights in Aruba. See Andrew Holleran

North, David S., 207n 29

Novak, William, 198n 14

Novick, Alvin, 211n 30

Nunokawa, Jeff, 64 , 204n 13

Nureyev, Rudolf, 78 , 199n 25

O

O., host par excellence, 56

Obituaries, 52ff , 59 -60, 62 -63

Office of Technology Assessment, 168

Orange County, California, 69

Orentlicher, David, 203n 18

Original position. See John Rawls

Osborn, June, 130

P

Parran, Thomas, 206n 19, 207n 33

Pascal, Blaise, 26

Passions of the Cut Sleeve. See Bret Hinsch

Patient-physician relation. See Health care relations

Patient Self Determination Act, 49 , 195n 78

Patient Zero. See Gaetan Dugas

Peabody, Barbara, 54 , 58

Pensées. See Blaise Pascal

Perkins, Anthony, 69 , 78

Perot, Ross, 7 , 144 , 146 , 149 -151

Perrow, Charles, 168 , 205n 21, 211n 18

Peters, Fritz, 195n 1

Physicians:

recruitment of celebrities to fight AIDS, see Celebrities;

responsibility to disclose HIV/AIDS diagnoses, see Health care relations

Pierce, Christine, 212n 39

Placebo effect, 45 , 47 -48

The Plague. See Albert Camus

The Plague (Die Seuche). See Peter Zingler

Plant, Richard, 204n 12

Poersch, Enno, 197n 42

Poirier, Suzanne, 192n 49, 193n 9, 198n 19, 201n 26, 204n 15, 212n 15

Presidential Commission on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Epidemic, 158 , 168 , 172 , 211n 22

Presidential debate, 1992. See George Bush; Bill Clinton; Ross Perot

President's Task Force on Regulatory Relief, 148

Price, Monroe, 11 , 20 , 190n 7-8;

images of the future, 12 , 20

Privacy:

blurring distinction between public and private, 75 , 106 , 203n 23;

right to, 75

Private Acts, Social Consequences. See Ronald Bayer

Professor Zero, 109 , 203n 1

Promiscuity, as social artifact, 169 , 170 , 191n 25

Proportional theory of resource provision. See Resource allocation

Public health:

efforts to protect, 70 , 76 , 80 , 133 -135;

threats to, 132 -133, 135 , 141

PWAs (Persons with AIDS):

and activism, 48 , 50 , 89 ;

as AIDS researchers, 29 , 37 , 48 -49, 50 ;

as experimental subjects, 29ff , 48 -49;

given voice, 56 , 209n 8;

obituaries of, 52ff ;

representations of, 56 ;

responsibilities of, 180 ;

standing relative to resource allocation, 177 -180;

views on illness, 89 , 193n 27;

visibility, 209n 8

Q

Quarantine:

of Haitians with HIV, 138ff ;

symbolic purposes, 139

R

Ramsey, Paul, 176

Rawls, John:

arguments from the original position, 102 , 106 -107, 178 ;

contractarianism, 178 -180;

significance of the difference principle for PWAs, 178 -179;

A Theory of Justice , 102 . See also Resource allocation

Reagan, Nancy, 147

Reagan, Ronald, 153 , 205n 1-2, 209n 10

Reed, Robert, 78 , 199n 23

Religion and AIDS, 3 , 4 , 158 , 167

Renal disease, 169

René, Norman, 26

Republican National Convention. See George Bush; Bill Clinton; Ross Perot

Research methods:

conflicts between subjects and researchers, 45 ;

favoritism in, 45 , 46 , 162 ;

placebo effect, 45 , 47 -48

Resource allocation:

AIDS spending, 2 , 40 -41, 137 -148;

criticism of AIDS spending, 148 , 162 , 163 ;

determination of standards for, 165 , 173 ff ;

equalitarian theory of, 174 ;

meritocratic theory of, 174 -175;

perfect and imperfect duties, 179 -180;

priority for AIDS, 7 -8, 168 -169, 171 , 176 , 177 -178, 180 -181;

significance of voluntary risk, 147 , 164 , 165 -166, 180 ;

social obligations for, 160 -161;

utilitarian theory of, 173 -174

Rider, Ines, 196n 20

Rieux, Dr., 186

Robinson, Max, 78

Rogers, David E., 157 , 197n 8

Rolston, Adam, 113

Royko, Mike, 162

Ruddick, Paul, 196n 36

Ruedy, J., et al., 211n 19

Ruppelt, Patricia, 196n 20

Ruskin, Cindy, 196n 34

Russo, Vito, 48

S

St. Patrick's Cathedral, 146 , 148 -149, 208n 6. See also Activism; ACT UP

Salk, Jonas, 45

Sande, Merle, 211n 16

Sartre, Jean-Paul, 208n 49

Schwartz, M. Roy, 197n 8

Science, its authority, 24

The Screaming Room. See Barbara Peabody

Secretary for Health and Human Services. See Louis W. Sullivan

Selver, Veronica, 212n 4

Die Seuche. See Peter Zingler

Sexual orientation therapy, 33 , 193n 18-19

Shadow in the Land. See William E. Dannemeyer

Shattered Mirrors. See Monroe Price

Shilts, Randy:

on bathhouse closure, 15 ;

characterization of Patient Zero, 11 -19;

disclosure of own diagnoses, 78 ;

on gays and lesbians in the military, 200n 11;

on Kimberly Bergalis, 202n 33

Siegler, Marc, 198n 10

"Silence = Death," 86 , 113

Smallpox, 171 , 211n 27

The Social Impact of AIDS in the United States. See National Research Council

Socrates, 187

Solomon, Robert, 197n 39

"So many men, so little time," 15

Somerville, Margaret, 133 , 135 -136, 139 , 206 n 26, 207n 38

Sontag, Susan, 164

Spiers, Herbert R., 211n 29

"Spread of AIDS," 3 , 18 , 27

Stambolian, George, 56

Statue of Liberty, 130

Stoddard, Thomas B., 89

Stryker, Jeff, 195n 81, 209n 13

Supererogatory moral duties, 170 -171

Suramin, experimental drug, 32

Sutherland, drag queen, 54

Syphilis, 186 , 206n 19, 211n 6

T

Taylor, Elizabeth, 77

Testimony:

defined, 53 , 57 -58, 63 , 65 -66;

and elegiac art, 5 , 53ff , 57 ;

purposes of, 6 , 53 , 57 ff ;

worth of, 5 -6, 57 , 63

Testing. See HIV testing

Thailand, 23

Thanksgiving. See Elizabeth Cox

Time, narrative dissolution of. See Longtime Companion

Toga candida , 161

To the Friend Who Did Not Save My Life. See Hervé Guibert

Treatments for AIDS:

effects of on PWAs, 29 ;

orthodox, 38 , 49 ;

unorthodox, 28 , 38 -41, 44 -45.

See also AZT; Cure; Research methods

Tuberculosis, 87

Tupperware housewife. See Belinda Mason

Tuskegee syphilis experiment, 33

U

University of Illinois at Chicago:

Hospital and Clinics Ad Hoc Committee on HIV/HBV, 108 -109, 120 -121;

Masters of Health Professions Education degree, 108

Unorthodox medicine, 38 -41, 44 -45

Utilitarian theory of resource provision. See Resource allocation

V

Vaccines, 38 , 43ff , 45 -47

VandeVeer, Donald, 212n 39

Vaux, Kenneth L., 189n 8

Veatch, Robert, 170 , 211n 26

Veil of Ignorance. See John Rawls

Victims of AIDS:

analysis of term, 89 , 90 , 147 , 201n 23;

"innocent victims," 84 , 86 , 89 , 90 ;

use of term, 89 , 111 , 147 -148, 204n 6.

See also Kimberly Bergalis

Virginity, kinds and moral meanings of, 90

VonLehn, Peter, aspired to career in opera, 54 , 64

Voodoo, 138 , 207n 32

W

Watney, Simon, 192n 1

Westminster Abbey, 64

What You Can Do to Avoid AIDS. See Earvin "Magic" Johnson

White, Ryan, 69 , 76 , 82 , 84 , 197n 4

White Trash Cooking. See Ernie Mickler

Wojnarowicz, David:

"Living Close to the Knives," 38ff ;

"X Rays from Hell," 40 -41

Wolf, Peter, 35

Women, 171 ;

as harbingers of AIDS, 85 -86;

as research subjects, 42 , 194 . See also Kimberly Bergalis

World Health Organization, 211n 27

Worth, Dooley, 210n 12

X

Xenophobia:

and China, 111 , 121 -122;

and Haiti, 138ff ;

nativism, 129 , 140 .

See also Immigration

Y

Yale Law Project, 202n 20

Yeomans, Beryl June, 64

Yeomans, Laura Rose, 64

Yeomans, George Alfred, 64

Young, Frank, 41

Young, James Harvey, 189n 4, 194n 37, 208n 5

Z

Zeldis, Nancy, 205n 5

Zemke, Deborah, 196n 34

Zingler, Peter, dystopia novelist, 25