SUBJECT INDEX
A
Abstract policy principles.See Policy principles
Accommodative attitudes. See also under Class; Gender; Hidden resistance; Race
conception of, 270 –271, 280 –282
data on, 283 –285, 289 –290
general evidence on, 293 , 295 , 376
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
Antebellum slavery, 10 , 30 , 70 , 75 , 77 , 79 , 130 , 131 , 173 –174, 356
Applied policy goals. See Policy goals, applied
Ascription to groups, 102 –109, 124 –125 passim, 348 , 371 , 373 , 374 . See also under Class; Gender; Race
Attitude theory, 266 –269
Attitudinal consistency. See Consistency, attitudinal
Attribution theory, 308
Authoritarianism, 36 , 42 , 115
working class, 36 , 42
B
Belief system. See Consistency, attitudinal
Beliefs, intergroup. See Categorical attributions to groups; Causal attributions to groups; Trait attributions to groups
Biological determinism, theories of
in research on class, 52 –53
in research on gender, 52 –53
in research on race, 52 –53
C
Case-study analysis, comparative. See under Methodological issues
Categorical attributions to groups. See also under Class; Gender; Race
data on, 325 –338 passim, 347 –350 passim, 372 , 374 , 376 , 378
general evidence on, 326 , 336 –338, 345 –347, 349 , 378
measurement of, 305 –307, 322 –325 passim
theories about, 18 , 35 , 92 , 301 –302, 315 –318, 343 –347 passim
Causal attributions to groups. See also under Class; Gender; Race
in antebellum slavery, 319 –320
data on, 339 –343, 347 , 348 , 349
general evidence on, 341 –342, 347 , 378
inconsistencies in, 318 , 320 , 321
measurement of, 338 –339
relationship to feelings, 297 , 299 –301
relationship to policy goals, 297 , 299 –301, 308 , 309 , 339 , 343 –344
research on, 296 , 299 , 307 –309, 343 –344
theories about, 296 –297, 298 –301, 308 –309, 310 , 318 –320, 343 –347 passim
Class
accommodative attitudes:
data on, 285 , 289 , 376 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
ascriptive rules for, 102 , 104 –107, 109 , 124 –125, 348 , 374
Class (continued )
attitudinal consistency:
data on, 276 –278, 285 , 286 –287;
measurement of, 274 , 279 –282
categorical attributions:
data on, 331 –336, 347 –348;
measurement of, 322 –325
causal attributions:
data on, 339 –343 passim, 348 ;
measurement of, 338 –339 passim
conflict, research on, 24 –33, 37 , 55 –56, 72 –73, 172 –180 passim, 212 –213, 214
conflictive attitudes:
data on, 285 , 287 –291 passim, 294 ;
measurement of, 33 , 279 –282 passim
consciousness, 24 –33, 37 , 51 , 53 , 55 –56, 57 –58, 68 , 72 –73, 114 –117 passim, 172 –180 passim, 209 , 212 –213, 215 , 216 –217, 223 , 225 –226, 256 , 266 , 267 , 291 , 296
deference:
data on, 285 , 287 –291 passim, 376 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
distributive basis for, 74 –75, 98 –99, 102 , 109 , 124 , 359 –360
empirical definition of, 33 , 106 , 109 –110, 111
feelings:
data on, 189 –193, 194 , 195 –196, 375 ;
measurement of, 183 –185
group membership, inheritance of, 106 –107, 125 , 374
hidden resistance in, 29 –30, 56 , 270 –271, 281 , 285 , 289 , 376
hostility, 24 –26, 72 –73, 117 –118, 172 –173, 189 –193, 195 –196, 348 , 377 –382 passim
integrationist attitudes:
data on, 285 , 287 –291 passim, 293 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
nomenclature, 109 , 111 , 125
paternalism:
data on, 285 , 287 –291 passim, 294 ;
measurement of, 273 , 279 –282 passim
perception of differences,
see causal attributions; trait attributions
perception of group interests:
data on, 203 –204, 205 , 375 , 377 ;
measurement of, 197 –199 passim
policy goals, applied:
data on, 247 –249, 251 –253 passim, 255 –256, 258 , 259 , 260 , 375 –376;
measurement of, 238 –241, 251
policy perceptions:
data on, 247 –249 passim, 250 –251;
measurement of, 238 –241;
research on, 213 , 216 –217
policy principles:
data on, 236 –238, 257 , 375 ;
measurement of, 230 –231
revisionist attitudes:
data on, 285 , 287 –291 passim;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
segregation:
role, 130 , 139 , 147 , 155 –157, 159 –161, 163 –164, 346 , 374 ;
spatial, 132 , 135 , 144 –146, 155 –157, 159 –161, 163 –164, 195 –196, 294 , 347 –348, 374 –375
subjective, 33 , 105 –106, 110 –111, 124 –125, 195 , 374
tolerance:
data on, 285 , 387 –291 passim;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
trait attributions:
data on, 326 , 331 –336, 348 , 376 ;
measurement of, 322 –325
Communication channels
among classes, 75 , 163 –164, 195 –196, 205 , 260 , 294 , 375
intergroup, 17 , 60 –61, 86 , 119 –120, 127 , 138 , 161 –162, 164 , 179 , 181 –182, 259 , 345 , 350 , 355 , 362 –363, 364
between men and women, 75 –76, 80 –81, 163 , 196 –197, 259 , 373
between whites and blacks, 75 , 163 , 196 , 259 –260, 349 , 364 , 371 –372
Competitive intergroup relations, 5 –7, 169 –170, 353 –358 passim
Conflict
and exploitation, 1 –2, 23 –24, 32 –33, 55 –57
overriding of, see Tolerance
research on, 1 –2, 16 , 23 –58
theories about:
in class relations, 24 –33, 56 , 172 –177, 212 –213;
in gender relations, 47 –55, 57 ;
in general, 1 –2, 9 , 16 –17, 23 –24, 43 –47, 55 –58, 59 –64, 91 –93, 167 –177, 180 –182, 205 –207, 213 –214, 256 –260, 353 –358, 377 –383;
in race relations, 33 –43, 169 –177
Conflictive attitudes. See also under Class; Gender; Race
conception of, 280 –281, 282
data on, 283 –285, 286 , 287 –288, 289 –290, 291 , 294 , 372 , 374 , 376 , 380 –381
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
general evidence on, 288 , 292 –295 passim, 380 –381, 382
Consciousness. See Class consciousness; False consciousness; Group consciousness
Consistency, attitudinal. See also under Class; Gender; Race
concept of, 261 –269
evidence on, 274 –279, 282 –287, 291 –295, 377
measurement of, 274 , 279 –282
research on, 263 –267, 291
theories about, 69 –71, 120 , 263 –269, 291 –295, 309 –310, 366
Constraint, attitudinal. See Consistency, attitudinal
Contact, intergroup. See also Segregation, role; Segregation, spatial
evidence on, 138 –161, 162 –164
forms of, 17 , 127 –131, 132 –138, 161 –162, 361 –363
personal interactions in, 17 , 74 , 75 , 76 –78, 86 , 128 –131, 146 –161, 163 –164, 182 , 206 , 294 , 345 , 347 –348, 361 –363, 371 –372, 373 , 374 –375
physical proximity in, 17 , 86 , 131 –138, 139 –146, 163 –164, 182 , 206 , 294 , 346 , 347 –348, 349 , 364 , 371 , 373 , 374 –375
predetermining factors in, 74 –78, 127 –128, 129 –130, 131 –132, 135 , 161 , 361 –363 passim
Cultural diffusion, 122 , 369
D
Deference. See also under Class; Gender; Race
concept of, 10 , 79 , 134 , 262 , 279 –281
data on, 283 –285 passim, 286 , 287 –288, 289 –291, 293 –294 passim, 372 , 374 , 376
general evidence on, 286 , 289 , 291 , 293 –295 passim, 380 –381
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
Deferent attitudes. See Deference
Derogation
evidence on, 324 –326, 328 , 330 –331, 334 –337, 347 –349, 378
theories about, 297 , 302 –303, 313 –315, 343 –344, 346 , 350 , 354
Differentiation, social, 76 –78, 79 –80, 99 –109, 124 –125, 127 –138, 161 –164, 345 , 360 –363, 371 –372, 373 , 374 –375. See also under Contact, intergroup; Segregation, role; Segregation, spatial; Status
Discrimination, 10 , 16 , 34 , 36 , 40 , 43 , 46 , 56 , 65 , 87 , 210 , 218 , 224 , 266 , 273 , 275 , 289 , 297 , 344
reverse, 224 , 225 , 240 , 269
E
Education, effects of, 42 , 47 , 90 , 115 , 116 , 119 , 268 , 306 , 323
Egalitarianism
in class relations, 212 , 230 –231, 236 –237, 240 –241, 248
concept of, 89 , 208 , 222 –227, 228 , 230 , 230 –231
versus equality of opportunity, 89 –90, 223 –227, 239 , 240 –241, 257 –258, 317 , 378 , 380
in gender relations, 230 , 234 –235
general evidence of, 237 –238, 249 –250
in race relations, 228
Equality of opportunity
in class relations, 106 , 380
concept of, 46 , 257
versus egalitarianism, 89 –90, 92 –93, 218 , 223 –227, 228 –229, 237 –238, 239 –240, 246 –247, 257 –258, 317 , 378 , 380
in gender relations, 212 , 229 –230, 235 –236, 238 , 239 –240, 244 –247, 257 , 380
in race relations, 218 , 228 –229, 231 –234, 237 –238, 239 –240, 242 –243, 380
and social control, 89 –90, 92 –93, 238 , 365 , 378 , 380
Existential beliefs about policy. See Policy perceptions
Exploitation, 2 , 10 , 24 –29 passim, 32 , 37 , 54 , 56 , 214 , 271 , 383
Expropriation
in class relations, 99 , 102 , 105 –106, 109 , 124 –125, 135 –136, 359 –360, 362
concept of, 2 –3, 45 –46, 214 , 355 –358, 359
Expropriation (continued )
in gender relations, 101 –102, 103 , 108 –109, 125 , 359 , 361 –362
institutionalization of, 4 , 7 –8, 64 –67, 91 , 355 , 358 –364
in race relations, 99 –102, 104 , 108 , 125 , 359 , 362
F
False consciousness, 30 –32, 56 , 93 , 175 –177, 213 , 217 , 220 , 363
Feelings, intergroup. See also under Class; Gender; Race
general patterns in, 192 –197, 206 –207, 377
measurement of, 177 –180, 182 –185
relationship to intergroup beliefs, 35 –36, 170 , 265 –267, 297 , 298 –300, 309
relationship to policy goals:
data on, 273 –291, 292 –293, 372 , 374 , 376 , 377 , 381 –382;
theories about, 10 , 11 –16, 35 –36, 45 , 78 –85, 261 –262, 264 –273, 295 , 297 , 382 –383
theories about, 35 –37, 39 , 167 –177, 205 –207
Folk Wisdom. See Causal attributions to groups
Force, 1 , 2 , 9 , 11 , 15 –17, 48 –51, 57 , 59 , 61 –64, 66 , 74 , 85 , 87 , 91 , 361
Friendships, intergroup
across classes, 159 –161, 374 –375
between blacks and whites, 157 –158, 371 –372
between men and women, 158 –159
general patterns in, 157
measurement of, 156 –157
Functionalism
in class theory, 26 –28, 220
in gender theory, 51 –52, 129
G
Gender
accommodative attitudes:
data on 284 , 289 , 290 , 376 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
ascriptive rules for, 102 –103, 109 , 125 , 373
attitudinal consistency:
data on, 276 –277, 284 , 286 –287;
measurement of, 274 , 279 –282
categorical attributions:
data on, 325 –326, 329 –331 passim, 336 –337, 347 , 374 ;
measurement of, 322 –325
causal attributions:
data on, 339 –343 passim, 347 ;
measurement of, 338 –339 passim
conflictive attitudes:
data on, 284 , 287 , 288 , 289 , 374 , 381 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
deference:
data on, 284 , 288 , 374 , 380 –381;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
distributive basis for, 75 –76, 101 –102, 108 –109, 125 , 359
empirical definition of, 102 –103, 110 –111
feelings:
data on, 188 –189, 194 , 196 –197, 373 ;
measurement of, 183 –185
group membership, inheritance of, 106 –107, 125 , 373
hidden resistance in, 51 , 284 , 289 , 290 , 376
hostility, 47 –55, 118 , 185 , 188 –189, 193 –195 passim, 196 –197, 313 –315 passim, 343 , 346 , 377 –382 passim
integrationist attitudes:
data on, 282 , 284 , 286 , 289 –290, 293 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
paternalism:
data on, 282 , 284 , 286 , 288 , 289 –290, 291 , 374 , 380 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
perception of differences, see causal attributions; trait attributions
perception of group interests;
data on, 202 –203, 205 , 373 , 377 ;
measurement of, 198 –199 passim
policy goals, applied:
data on, 244 –247, 249 , 250 , 252 , 255 , 256 , 258 –259 passim, 373 –374;
measurement of, 238 –240, 251
policy perceptions:
data on, 244 –246, 250 –251;
measurement of, 238 –241 passim
policy principles:
data on, 234 –236, 237 –238 passim, 257 , 373 ;
measurement of, 229 –230
revisionist attitudes:
data on, 284 , 287 , 289 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
segregation:
role, 131 , 146 –152, 155 , 157 , 158 –159, 163 , 205 , 211 –212, 314 , 347 , 373 ;
spatial, 132 –133, 139 –140, 142 –144, 155 , 157 , 158 –159, 163 , 210 –211, 373
tolerance:
data on, 282 , 284 , 288 , 289 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
trait attributions:
data on, 325 –326, 329 –331, 336 –337, 347 , 374 ;
measurement of, 305 –307 passim, 322 –325 passim
Group consciousness, 7 –9, 24 –33, 51 , 53 –55, 56 –58, 59 –61, 81 , 91 –93, 114 –115, 168 –169, 171 , 172 –177, 180 –182, 192 –197, 205 –207, 208 –209, 212 –214, 216 –217, 218 –222, 226 –228, 256 –260, 261 –262, 266 , 269 –271, 279 –282, 291 –295, 303
Group interests, perception of. See also under Class; Gender; Race
general patterns in, 192 –197, 204 –205, 206 –207 passim, 377 –378
measurement of, 177 –179, 197 –199
theories about, 56 , 168 –177 passim, 182
H
Hegemony, cultural, 30 –32, 176 –177, 181
Hidden resistance. See also under Accommodative attitudes; Class; Gender; Race
concept of, 29 –30, 56 , 262 , 270 –271, 280 –281
general evidence of, 293 , 377
measurement of, 29 –30, 270 –271, 279 –282 passim
Hostility, intergroup. See also under Class; Gender; Race
general evidence of, 192 –197, 206 –207, 274 , 336 –337, 343 –350 passim, 377 –378
measurement of, 177 –180, 183 –185, 274 , 324 –325
theories about, 1 –2, 11 , 16 –17, 23 –58 passim, 59 –93 passim, 117 , 118 , 167 –168, 169 –177, 180 –182, 205 –206, 262 , 267 –268, 270 –271, 295 , 296 , 297 , 302 –303, 309 , 313 –315, 343 , 346 , 353 –358, 382 –383
I
Ideology
as communication, 60 , 67 –69, 71 , 72 –74, 114 –115, 181 –182, 206 –207, 208 , 294 –295, 344 , 349 –350, 357 –358, 362 –366
definition of, 69 –71
political character of, 64 –71, 73 –74, 92 –93, 221 –222, 268 –269, 294 –295, 297 –298, 309 , 344 –345, 347 , 349 , 355 , 358 –366
as property of groups versus individuals, 7 –9, 30 , 71 –73, 115 –120, 180 , 221 , 267 –269, 366 –368
as self-expression, 68 –70 passim, 73 , 93 , 178
as uncontrived, 7 –9, 65 , 69 –70, 91 , 93 , 221 , 365
Individualism
in capitalism, 208 –209, 222 –224, 225 –226, 257 , 346
in causal attributions to groups, 308 , 344 –345
in class relations, 208 –209, 226 , 348 , 362
concept of, 87 –89, 222 –224
versus egalitarianism, 89 –91, 92 –93, 208 –209, 218 , 222 –227, 228 –229, 237 –238, 239 –240, 246 –247, 250 , 257 –258, 317 , 378
in gender relations, 208 –209, 238 , 240 , 257
in policy goals, 41 –42, 208 –209, 216 , 218 , 222 –229, 233 –234, 237 –238, 239 –240, 246 –247, 250 , 257 –258, 378
in race relations, 41 –42, 208 –209, 216 , 218 , 223 –225, 228 –229, 233 –234, 239 , 269 , 337 , 349
and social control, 87 –91, 92 –93, 208 –209, 225 –227, 238 , 250 , 257 , 258 , 269 , 317 , 365 , 378 , 382
in trait attributions to groups, 317 –318, 337 , 344 –345, 346 , 348 , 349
Inequality
different components of, 98
distributive basis for:
in class relations, 74 –75, 98 –99, 102 , 109 , 124 , 359 –360;
in gender relations, 75 –76, 101 –102, 108 –109, 125 , 359 ;
in race relations, 75 , 99 –101, 108 , 125 , 359
expropriative basis of, 2 –3
institutionalization of, 64 –67, 358 –364
long-term relations of, 5 –7
relational basis of, 2 –3, 214 , 220
Integrationist attitudes
conception of, 280 , 282 , 293
data on, 283 –285, 289 , 290 , 293 , 377
general evidence on, 289 , 295 , 377
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
Intimacy
in antebellum slavery, 75 , 84 –85, 130
in feudal class relations, 75 , 362
in gender relations, 75 –76, 83 –84, 118 , 163 , 294
and love, 17 , 78 –85, 92 , 206 , 363
and role segregation, 76 –78, 161 –163, 350 , 363
and social control, 17 , 73 –74, 80 –82, 92 , 229 , 294 , 350 , 362 –364, 380
and status differentiation, 76 –78, 130 –131, 138 , 162 , 362 –363
and violence, 48 –51 passim, 82 –85, 87
L
Love
in antebellum slavery, 71 –72, 83 –85
and coercion, 10 , 16 , 17 , 71 –72, 74 , 78 –82, 84 –85, 86 , 87 , 92 , 167 , 363 , 382 –383
conditional, 78 –82, 84 –85, 86 –87, 363 , 382
in gender relations, 15 , 83 –85
versus hate, 167 , 382 –383
and intimacy, 17 , 78 –85, 92 , 206 , 363
limits of, 15 –16
in race relations, 15 –16, 71 –72, 83 –85
romanticization of, 15 , 383
and violence, 82 –85
M
Methodological issues
in comparative case-study analysis, 120 –124, 126 , 368 –371
in standard survey analysis, 115 –120, 367 –368, 370 –371
in this study, 111 –124, 126 , 366 –371
Middleman minorities, 6 –7n
Minimal group paradigm, 40
Modern racism. See Symbolic racism
Morality, 10 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 37 , 60 , 66 –71 passim, 73 , 74 , 85 , 87 , 88 , 90 , 91 –93, 175 –176, 181 , 208 –209, 217 , 221 –224, 225 –227, 231 , 250 , 257 –258, 260 , 266 , 269 , 272 , 292 , 298 , 309 , 311 , 313 , 344 –345, 346 , 350 , 365 , 370 , 375 , 378 , 381
P
Paternalism. See also under Class; Gender; Race
in antebellum slavery, 10 , 71 –72, 79 , 83 –85, 173 –174
versus benevolence, 11 –15, 271 –272
concept of, 9 –15, 87 , 90 , 261 –262, 271 , 279 –281, 291 , 315 –316
data on, 206 , 288 –291, 292 , 294 –295, 337 , 343 , 350 , 374 , 376 , 380 , 381
general evidence on, 288 –289, 291 , 292 –293, 294 –295 passim, 377 , 380 –381
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
research on, 10 –14, 49 , 262 , 269 –270, 271 –273, 383
theory of, 9 –15, 78 –85, 87 , 90 , 206 , 271 –273, 294 –295, 298 , 315 –316, 319 , 331 , 337 , 338 , 339 , 343 , 346 , 350 , 363 , 380 –383
and violence, 82 –85, 87
Paternalistic attitudes. See Paternalism
Perception of group interests. See Group interests, perception of
Pluralism, 25 , 28 , 46 , 113 , 122
Policy goals, applied. See also under Class; Gender; Race
data on, 241 –256, 372 , 373 –374, 375 –376, 378
general patterns in, 249 –251, 256 , 258 –260, 378
interrelations among, 251 –253
measurement of, 209 , 214 –219, 238 –241, 251
relationship to intergroup feelings:
data on, 273 –291, 292 –293, 372 , 374 , 376 , 377 , 381 –382;
theories about, 10 , 11 –16, 35 –36, 43 –46, 78 –85, 171 –172, 210 –211, 261 –262, 264 –273, 295 , 297 , 382 –383
relationship to intergroup beliefs, 35 , 297 , 298 –301, 302 , 308 , 309 , 339 , 343 –344
relationship to policy principles, 40 –42, 209 , 210 , 211 , 213 , 214 –217, 222 –226, 227 , 242 –244, 246 , 248 , 249 –250, 256 , 257 , 372 , 373 –374, 375
theories about, 208 –209, 210 –226 passim, 256 –260 passim
Policy perceptions. See also under Class; Gender; Race
data on, 241 –249 passim, 250 –251
general patterns in, 250 –251
measurement of, 238 –241
theories about, 213
Policy principles. See also under Class; Gender; Race
data on, 228 , 231 –238, 257 –258, 372 , 373 , 375
general patterns in, 237 –238, 257 –258
measurement of, 214 –217, 228 –231
relationship to applied policy goals, 40 –42, 209 , 210 , 211 , 213 , 214 –217, 222 –226, 227 , 242 –244, 246 , 248 , 249 –250, 256 , 257 , 372 , 373 –374, 375
theories about, 209 , 210 –226 passim, 256 , 257 –258
Post-industrialism, 25 , 28 –29
Post-materialism, 25 , 28 –29
Power
definition of, 61 –67, 69
inequalities in, 37 , 65 , 98 , 272 –273
interrelation with status and economic inequality, 98 –102, 359 –360
relational basis of, 3 , 61
Prejudice
concept of, 18 , 24 , 33 –42, 44 –46 passim, 47 , 50 , 55 –56, 57 , 116 –117, 168 –171, 173 , 178 , 180 , 206 , 210 , 211 , 213 –214, 224 –225, 256 , 265 –266, 267 , 281 , 291 , 296 –297, 298 –305, 307 –309, 343 –344
measurement of, 36 , 42 –43, 47 , 53 , 177 –178, 305 –307, 308 –309
research on, 33 –42, 52 –55 passim, 56 , 57 , 114 –115, 116 –117, 168 –171, 209 –210, 212 , 213 –214, 215 –216, 224 –225, 256 , 267 , 296 –297, 301 –309, 343 –344
theories of, 34 –42 passim, 56 , 115 , 116 –117, 170 , 299 , 302 , 304
Prescriptive policy beliefs. See Policy goals, applied; Policy principles
R
Race
accommodative attitudes:
data on, 283 , 289 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
ascriptive rules for, 102 , 103 –104, 108 , 125 , 371
attitudinal consistency:
data on, 274 –276, 279 , 283 , 286 –287;
measurement of, 274 , 279 –282
categorical attributions:
data on, 325 –329 passim, 337 , 349 , 372 ;
measurement of, 305 –307 passim, 322 –325
causal attributions:
data on, 339 –343 passim, 349 ;
measurement of, 338 –339 passim
conflictive attitudes:
data on, 283 , 287 , 372 , 381 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
deference:
data on, 283 , 287 , 372 , 381 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
distributive basis for, 75 , 99 –101, 108 , 125 , 359
empirical definition of, 103 , 110
feelings:
data on, 185 –188, 194 , 196 , 372 ;
measurement of, 43 , 183 –185
group membership, inheritance of, 106 –107, 125 , 371
hidden resistance in, 30 , 283 , 289
hostility, 33 –43, 49 –50, 118 , 185 –188, 192 –193, 196 , 210 , 282 –297 passim, 302 –303, 313 –315, 349 , 372 , 377 –382 passim
integrationist attitudes:
data on, 282 –283, 289 , 293 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
nomenclature, 110
paternalism:
data on, 282 –283, 286 , 288 , 291 , 381 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
perception of differences,
see causal attributions; trait attributions
perception of group interests:
data on, 200 –202, 205 , 377 –378;
measurement of, 197 –199 passim
policy goals, applied:
data on, 241 –244, 249 –250 passim, 252 , 253 –255, 256 , 258 –259 passim, 372 ;
measurement of, 238 –240, 251
policy perceptions:
data on, 241 , 242 –244, 250 ;
measurement of, 238 –241 passim
policy principles:
data on, 231 –234, 237 –238 passim, 257 , 372 ;
measurement of, 228 –229
revisionist attitudes:
data on, 283 , 287 , 372 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
segregation:
role, 130 –131, 133 –136 passim, 150 –155, 156 –158, 163 ;
spatial, 77 , 136 –137, 138 –142, 150 –155, 156 –158, 163 , 196 , 205 , 210 , 294 , 349 , 364 , 371
tolerance:
data on, 282 –283, 288 ;
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
trait attributions:
data on, 325 –329, 337 , 349 , 372 –373;
measurement of, 305 –307 passim, 322 –325 passim
Rationality, 3 –4, 32 , 57 –58, 59 –61, 168 –169, 172 , 175 –176, 181 –182, 208 , 212 –214, 219 –222, 226 , 256 –257, 358 , 365 –366
Realistic group conflict theory, 38 –39, 117 , 170 –171
Response bias, 179 –180, 184 , 199 , 306 , 322 , 323 , 323 n
Response set. See Response bias
Revisionist attitudes. See also under Class; Gender; Race
conception of, 280 –281
data on, 283 –285, 287 , 289 , 290 , 294 , 372
general evidence on, 294 –295
measurement of, 279 –282 passim
S
Segregation, role. See also under Class; Gender; Race
definition of, 128 –129
and derogation, 314 –315
evidence on, 138 –139, 146 –161
forms of, 128 , 129 –131
predetermining factors in, 74 –75, 127 –128, 129 –131 passim, 161 , 361 –363 passim
Segregation, spatial. See also under Class; Gender; Race
and derogation, 315
evidence on, 138 –146, 152 –161
forms of, 128 , 132 –138
predetermining factors in, 74 –78, 127 –128, 131 –132, 135 , 161 , 361 –363 passim
Self-interest, 3 –4, 174 , 219 –221, 226 , 358 , 365 –366
Sex-role attitudes
conception of, 54 , 209 , 211 –212, 214 , 256
data on, 234 –236, 244 –247, 250 –252, 255 , 258 –259 passim, 329 –331, 337 , 339 –343 passim, 347
measurement of, 53 –55, 212 , 218 –219, 229 –230, 239 –240, 324 , 338 –339
research on, 54 –55, 115 , 209 , 211 –212, 214 , 218 –219
Social comparison, theory of, 40 , 303
Social desirability, 179 –180, 184 , 199 , 306 , 322 , 323 , 323 n
Social distance, feelings of, 43 , 178 , 210
Specific policy goals. See Policy goals, applied
Status
interrelation with power and economic inequality, 26 , 33 , 77 , 98 –102, 359 –360
relational basis of, 2 –3, 76 –78, 161 –162
social demarcation of, 14 , 16 , 76 –78, 104 , 124 –125, 127 –138, 163 –164, 314 , 315 –318, 359 –360, 362 , 371 , 373 , 374 –375
Stereotypes. See also under Trait attributions to groups; Categorical attributions to groups
in antebellum slavery, 309 –310
concept of, 43 , 224 , 296 , 298 –305, 343
data on, 326 –336, 347 –350
general evidence of, 326 , 336 –337, 347 , 378
inconsistencies in, 309 –310
measurement of, 178 , 305 –307, 322 –325, 343
relationship to discrimination, 35 , 297 , 298 –301, 302 , 343
relationship to intergroup feelings, 35 , 296 –297, 298 –301, 343
research on, 43 , 296 –297, 298 –307, 353 –354
theories about, 78 –79, 224 , 298 –305, 345 –347, 353 –354
Survey data for study, characteristics of, 109 –111, 123 –124
Symbolic racism, 41 –42, 216
T
Tolerance. See also under Class; Gender; Race
concept of, 43 –46, 56 –57, 113 , 171 –172, 178 , 206 , 214 , 256 , 262 , 264 –265, 280 –281, 291
data on, 283 –285, 288 , 289
general evidence on, 288 , 292 , 295 , 377
measurement of, 46 –47, 178 , 211 , 265 , 279 –282 passim
research on, 43 –47, 56 –57, 113 , 178 , 206 , 211 , 264 –265, 267
theories about, 45 , 171 –172, 211 , 265 , 291
Tolerant attitudes. See Tolerance
Trait attributions to groups. See also under Class; Gender; Race
data on, 325 –336, 347 –350, 372 –373, 374 , 376 , 378
general patterns in, 336 –338, 378
inconsistencies in, 309 –310, 320 , 321
measurement of, 305 –307, 322 –325, 343
relationship to intergroup feelings, 35 , 170 , 265 –268, 296 , 297 , 298 –301, 309 , 343
relationship to policy goals, 35 , 297 , 298 –301, 302 , 309 , 343
research on, 296 –297, 298 –307
theories about, 297 –298, 302 –305, 309 –318, 320 –321, 343 –347, 350
V
Violence
in class relations, 47 , 87
in distal relations, 87
in gender relations, 15 , 47 –49, 50 –51, 57 , 62 , 83 –84
in intimate relations, 82 –85, 87
and love, 82 –85
in race relations, 15 , 38 , 47 , 83 , 84 –85, 309 –310