Articles

Aldrich, C., and E. Mendkoff. "Relocation of the Aged and Disabled: A Mortality Study." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 11 (1963): 105–94.

Arnhoff, F. "Social Consequences of Policy Toward Mental Illness." Science 188 (1975): 1277–81.

Bassuk, E., and S. Gerson. "Deinstitutionalization and Mental Health Services." Scientific American 238 (1978): 46–53.

Beard, George M. "The Influence of Mind in the Causation and Cure of Disease: The Potency of Definite Expectation." Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 4 (1877): 429–34.

Beck, A. T. "The Reliability of Psychiatric Diagnosis: 1. A Critique of Systematic Studies." American Journal of Psychiatry 119 (1962): 210–16.

Blomberg, Thomas. "Diversion and Accelerated Social Control." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 68 (1977): 274–82.

Blustein, Bonnie Ellen. "'A Hollow Square of Psychological Science': American Neurologists and Psychiatrists in Conflict." In Madhouses, Mad-Doctors, and Madmen, ed. Andrew Scull, 241–70. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

Borus, J. F. "Deinstitutionalization of the Chronically Mentally Ill." New England Journal of Medicine 305 (1981): 339–42.

Briggs, A. "The Language of 'Class' in Early Nineteenth-Century England." In Essays in Labour History, ed. Asa Briggs and John Saville, 43–73. London: Macmillan, 1960.

Bynum, William F. "Rationales for Therapy in British Psychiatry, 1780–1835." In Madhouses, Mad-doctors, and Madmen, ed. Andrew Scull, 35–57. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

Bynum, William F., and M. Neve. "Hamlet on the Couch." In The Anatomy of Madness, 2 vols., ed. W. F. Bynum, Roy Porter, and Michael Shepherd, vol. 1, 289–304. London: Tavistock, 1985.

Castel, Robert. "Moral Treatment: Mental Therapy and Social Control in the Nineteenth Century." In Social Control and the State, ed. Stanley Cohen and Andrew Scull, 248–66. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

Chapman, L. J., and J. P. Chapman. "Illusory Correlations as an Obstacle to the Use of Valid Psycho-Diagnostic Signs." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 74 (1969): 271–80.

Chase, J. "Where Have All the Patients Gone?" Human Behavior (1973): 14–21.

Clark, Michael. "The Rejection of Psychological Approaches to Mental Disorder in Late Nineteenth-Century British Psychiatry." In Madhouses, Mad-Doctors, and Madmen, ed. Andrew Scull, 271–312. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

Cohen, Stanley. "The Punitive City: Notes on the Dispersal of Social Control." Contemporary Crises 3 (1979): 339–63.

Dain, Norman, and Eric T. Carlson. "Milieu Therapy in the Nineteenth Century: Patient Care at the Friends' Asylum, Frankford, Pennsylvania, 1817–1861." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 131 (1960): 284–85.

Digby, Anne. "Moral Treatment at the Retreat, 1796–1846." In The Anatomy of Madness, ed. W. F. Bynum, Roy Porter, and Michael Shepherd, vol. 2, 52–72. London: Tavistock, 1985.

Dohrenwend, Bruce P., and Barbara S. Dohrenwend. "Sex Differences and Psychiatric Disorders." American Journal of Sociology 81 (1976): 1447–54.

Dowbiggin, Ian. "French Psychiatry, Hereditarianism, and Professional Legitimacy, 1840–1900." In Research in Law, Deviance, and Social Control, vol. 7, ed. Andrew Scull and Steven Spitzer, 135–65. Greenwich, CT.: JAI Press, 1985.

———. "Degeneration and Hereditarianism in French Mental Medicine, 1840–1890: Psychiatric Theory as Ideological Adaption." In Anatomy of Madness, ed. W. F. Bynum, Roy Porter, and Michael Shepherd, vol. l: 188–232. London: Tavistock, 1985.

———. "French Psychiatric Attitudes Toward the Dangers Posed by the Insane ca. 1870." In Research in Law, Deviance, and Social Control, vol. 9, ed. Andrew Scull and Steven Spitzer, 87–111. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1988.

Ennis, Bruce, and Eugene Litwack. "Psychiatry and the Presumption of Expertise: Flipping Coins in the Courtroom." California Law Review 62 (1974): 693–753.

Epstein, L. and A. Simon. "Alternatives to State Hospitalization for the Geriatric Mentally Ill." American Journal of Psychiatry 124 (1968): 955–61.

Fessler, A. "The Management of Lunacy in Seventeenth-Century England." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, Historical Section 49 (1956): 901–7.

Fox, Richard. "Beyond 'Social Control': Institutions and Disorder in Bourgeois Society." History of Education Quarterly 16 (1976): 203–7.

Frank, Justin A. "Non-restraint and Robert Gardiner Hill." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 41 (1967): 140–60.

Goldstein, Michael. "The Politics of Thomas Szasz: A Sociological View." Social Problems 27 (1980): 570–83.

Grad de Alcaron, Jacquelyn, and Peter Sainsbury. "Mental Illness and the Family." The Lancet i (March 9, 1963): 544–47.

Grob, Gerald. "Samuel B. Woodward and the Practice of Psychiatry in Early Nineteenth-Century America." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 36 (1962): 420–43.

———. "Welfare and Poverty in American History." Reviews in American History 1 (1973): 43–59.

———. "Rediscovering Asylums: The Unhistorical History of the Mental Hospital." Hastings Center Report 7, no. 4 (1977): 33–41.

Harris, Ruth. "Murder Under Hypnosis: In the Case of Bompard—Psychiatry in the Courtroom in Belle Epoque Paris." In The Anatomy of Madness, ed. W. F. Bynum, Roy Porter, and Michael Shepherd, vol. 2, 197–241. London: Tavistock, 1985.

Hervey, Nicholas. "Advocacy or Folly: The Alleged Lunatics' Friend Society, 1845–63." Medical History 30 (1986): 245–75.

Hunter, Richard A., and Ida Macalpine. "Dickens and Conolly: An Embarrassed Editor's Disclaimer." Times Literary Supplement 11 (August 1961): 534–35.

Ignatieff, Michael. "State, Civil Society and Total Institutions: A Critique of Recent Social Histories of Punishment." In Social Control and the State, ed. Stanley Cohen and Andrew Scull, 75–105. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

———. "Total Institutions and the Working Classes: A Review Essay." History Workshop Journal 15 (1983): 169–72.

Ingleby, David. "Mental Health and Social Order." In Social Control and the State, ed. Stanley Cohen and Andrew Scull, 141–88. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

Jacyna, Steven. "Somatic Theories of Mind and the Interests of Medicine in Britain, 1850–1879." Medical History 26 (1982): 233–58.

Jasman, K. "Individualized Versus Mass Transfer of Nonpsychotic Geriatric Patients from the Mental Hospital to the Nursing Home." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 15 (1969): 280–84.

Johnson, Richard. "Educational Policy and Social Control in Early Victorian England." Past and Present 49 (1970): 96–119.

Jones, Kathleen. "Scull's Dilemma." British Journal of Psychiatry 141 (1982): 221–26.

Kaplan, Leonard V. "State Control of Deviant Behavior: A Critical Essay on Scull's Critique of Community Treatment and Deinstitutionalization." Arizona Law Review 20 (1978): 189–232.

Kirk, S., and M. Thierren. "Community Mental Health Myths and the Fate of Former Hospitalized Patients." Psychiatry 38 (1975): 209–17.

Lamb, H., and V. Goertzel. "Discharged Mental Patients—Are They Really in the Community?" Archives of General Psychiatry 24 (1971): 29–34.

Langsley, Donald. "The Community Mental Health Center: Does It Treat Patients?" Hospital and Community Psychiatry 31 (1980): 815–19.

Lewis, Aubrey. "Henry Maudsley: His Works and Influence." Journal of Mental Science 97 (1951): 259–77.

MacDonald, Michael. "Insanity and the Realities of History in Early Modern England." Psychological Medicine 11 (1981): 11–25.

———. "Religion, Social Change and Psychological Healing in England." In The Church and Healing, ed. W.J. Sheils, 101–26. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1982.

———. "The Secularization of Suicide in England, 1660–1800." Past and Present 3(1986): 50–100.

Markson, E., and J. Cumming. "The Post-Transfer Fate of Relocated Patients." In State Mental Hospitals: What Happens When They Close? ed. Paul P. Ahmed and Stanley C. Plog, 97–110. New York: Plenum, 1976.

Markus, E., M. Blenker, and T. Downs. "The Impact of Relocation upon Mortality Rates of Institutionalized Aged Persons." Journal of Gerontology 26 (197l): 537–41.

Marlowe, R. "When They Close the Doors at Modesto." In State Mental Hospitals: What Happens When They Close? ed. Paul P. Ahmed and Stanley C. Plog, 83–96. New York: Plenum, 1976.

Maudsley, Henry. "The Alleged Increase of Insanity." Journal of Mental Science 23 (1877): 45–54.

———. "Sex in Mind and in Education." Fortnightly Review 15 (1874): 466–83.

McCandless, Peter. "Liberty and Lunacy: The Victorians and Wrongful Confinement." In Madhouses, Mad-Doctors, and Madmen, ed. Andrew Scull, 339–69. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

McEwen, Craig. "Continuities in the Study of Total and Non-Total Institutions." Annual Review of Sociology 6 (1980): 143–85.

McKendrick, N. "Josiah Wedgwood and Factory Discipline." Historical Journal 4 (1961): 30–55.

Mesnikoff, A. "Barriers to the Delivery of Mental Health Services: The New York City Experience." Hospital and Community Psychiatry 29 (1978): 373–78.

Messinger, Sheldon. "Confinement in the Community." Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 13 (1976): 82–92.

Midelfort, H. C. Erik. "Madness and Civilization in Early Modern Europe: A Reappraisal of Michel Foucault." In After the Reformation, ed. B. C. Malament, 247–65. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1980.

Monahan, John, and David Wexler. "A Definite Maybe: Proof and Probability in Civil Commitment." Law and Human Behavior 2 (1978): 37–42.

Morgan, David. "Explaining Mental Illness." European Journal of Sociology 15 (1975): 262–80.

Morse, Stephen J. "A Preference for Liberty: The Case Against the Involuntary Commitment of the Mentally Disordered." California Law Review 70 (1982): 54–106.

Muraskin, William. "The Social Control Theory in American History: A Critique." Journal of Social History 9 (1976): 559–65.

Murphy, J., and W. Datel. "A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Community Versus Institutional Living." Health and Community Psychiatry 25 (1976): 165–70.

Nathanson, Constance. "Illness and the Feminine Role: A Theoretical Review." Social Science and Medicine 9 (1975): 57–62.

Orlans, H. "An American Death Camp." Politics 5 (1948): 169–68.

Perry, Nicholas. "The Two Cultures and the Total Institution." British Journal of Sociology 25 (1974): 345–55.

Philips, David. ""A Just Measure of Crime, Authority, Hunters and Blue Locusts': The Revisionist History of Crime and the Law in Britain, 1750–1850." In Social Control and the State, ed. Stanley Cohen and Andrew Scull, 50–74. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

Phillips, Derek. "Rejection: A Possible Consequence of Seeking Help for Mental Disorder." American Sociological Review 28 (1963): 963–73.

Porter, Roy. "Being Mad in Eighteenth-Century England." History Today (December 1981): 42–48.

———. "Shutting People Up." Social Studies of Science 12 (1982): 467–76.

———. "The Rage of Party: A Glorious Revolution in English Psychiatry?" Medical History 97 (1983): 35–50.

Quen, Jacques. "David Rothman's Discovery of the Asylum ." Journal of Psychiatry and the Law 2 (1974): 105–20.

Ray, L. J. "Models of Madness in Victorian Asylum Practice." European Journal of Sociology 22 (1981): 229–64.

Reich, R., and L. Siegal. "Psychiatry Under Siege: The Mentally Ill Shuffle to Oblivion." Psychiatric Annals 3 (1973): 37–55.

Rose, Stephen. "Deciphering Deinstitutionalization: Complexities in Policy and Program Analysis." Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 57 (1979): 429–60.

Rosenberg, Charles. "The Crisis of Psychiatric Legitimacy: Reflections on Psychiatry, Medicine, and Public Policy." In American Psychiatry: Past, Present, and

Future, ed. G. Kriegman et al., 135–48. Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia, 1975.

Rothman, David. "Social Control: The Uses and Abuses of the Concept in the History of Incarceration." In Social Control and the State, ed. Stanley Cohen and Andrew Scull, 106–17. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

Rovner-Pieczenik, Roberta. "Labeling in an Organizational Context: Adjudicating Felonies in an Urban Court." In The Research Experience, ed. M. P. Golden, 447–64. Itasca, IL: Peacock, 1976.

Salomon, A. "Max Weber's Methodology." Social Research 1 (1934): 157.

Scott, Francis. "English Country Asylums." Fortnightly Review 26 (1879): 114–43.

Scott, Robert A. "The Construction of Stigma by Professional Experts." In Deviance and Respectability, ed. J. D. Douglas, 255–290. New York: Basic Books, 1970.

Scull, Andrew. "The Decarceration of the Mentally Ill: A Critical View." Politics and Society 6 (1976): 173–212.

———. "Mad-Doctors and Magistrates: English Psychiatry's Struggle for Professional Autonomy in the Nineteenth Century." European Journal of Sociology 17 (1976): 279–305.

———. "Madness and Segregative Control: The Rise of the Insane Asylum." Social Problems 24 (1977): 338–51.

———. "Community Corrections: Panacea, Progress, or Pretense?" In The Politics of Legal lnformalism, ed. Richard Abel, vol. 1, 99–118. New York: Academic Press, 1981.

———. "Deinstitutionalization and the Rights of the Deviant." Journal of Social Issues 37 (1981): 6–20.

———. "Desperate Remedies: A Gothic Tale of Madness and Modern Medicine." Psychological Medicine 17 (1987): 561–77.

Scull, Andrew, and Diane Favreau. "'A Chance to Cut Is a Chance to Cure': Sexual Surgery for Psychosis in Three Nineteenth-Century Societies." In Research in Law, Deviance, and Social Control, vol. 8, ed. Steven Spitzer and Andrew Scull, 3–39. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1986.

———. "The Clitoridectomy Craze." Social Research 53 (1986): 243–60.

Sedgwick, Peter. "Mental Illness Is Illness." Salmagundi 20 (1972): 196–222.

Sharfstein, Steven. "Will Community Mental Health Survive in the 1980s?" American Journal of Psychiatry 135 (1978): 1363–65.

Sheehan, D. N., and J. Atkinson. "Comparative Cost of State Hospitals and Community Based In-patient Care in Texas." Hospital and Community Psychiatry 25 (1974): 242–44.

Sicherman, Barbara. "The Uses of a Diagnosis: Doctors, Patients, and Neurasthenia." Journal of the History of Medicine and the Allied Sciences 32 (1977): 33–54.

Smith, Roger. "The Boundary Between Insanity and Criminal Responsibility in Nineteenth-Century England." In Madhouses, Mad-Doctors, and Madmen, ed. Andrew Scull, 363–84. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

Smith-Rosenberg, Carroll, and Charles Rosenberg. "The Female Animal: Medical and Biological Views of Woman and Her Role in Nineteenth-Century America." Journal of American History 60 (1973): 332–56.

Spitzer, R. L., and J. Fleiss. "A Re-analysis of the Reliability of Psychiatric Diagnosis." British Journal of Psychiatry 125 (1974): 341–47.

Spitzer, Steven, and Andrew Scull. "Privatization and State Control: The Case of the Private Police." Social Problems 25 (1977):18–29.

Stone, Martin. "Shellshock and the Psychiatrists." In The Anatomy of Madness, ed. W. F. Bynum, Roy Porter, and Michael Shepherd, vol. 2, 242–71. London: Tavistock, 1985.

Sudnow, David. "Normal Crimes: Sociological Features of the Penal Code in a Public Defender Office." Social Problems 12 (1965): 255–76.

Swan, R. "A Survey of a Boarding Home Program for Former Mental Patients." Hospital and Community Psychiatry 24 (1973): 485–86.

Szasz, Thomas. "Involuntary Psychiatry." University of Cincinnati Law Review 44 (1976): 347–65.

Thompson, E. P. "The Moral Economy of the English Crowd in the Eighteenth Century." Past and Present 50 (1971): 76–136.

Tomes, Nancy Jane." A Generous Confidence: Thomas Story Kirkbride's Philosophy of Asylum Construction and Management." In Madhouses, Mad-Doctors, and Madmen, ed. Andrew Scull, 121–43. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

Walk, Alexander. "Lincoln and Non-restraint." British Journal of Psychiatry 117 (1970): 481–95.

Wahon, John. "Lunacy and the Industrial Revolution: A Study of Asylum Admissions in Lancashire, 1848–50." Journal of Social History 13 (1979–80): 13–18.

——— "The Treatment of Pauper Lunatics in Victorian England: The Case of Lancaster Asylum, 1816–1870." In Madhouses, Mad-Doctors, and Madmen, ed. Andrew Scull, 166–97. Philadephia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

———. "Casting Out and Bringing Back in Victorian England: Pauper Lunatics, 1840–1870." In The Anatomy of Madness, 2 vols. ed. W. F. Bynum, Roy Porter, and Michael Shepherd, vol. 2, 132–46. London: Tavistock, 1985.

Warren, Carol. "Electroconvulsive Therapy: 'New' Treatment of the 1980s." In Research in Law, Deviance, and Social Control, vol. 8, ed. Steven Spitzer and Andrew Scull, 41–55. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1986.

Wexler, David B. "Mental Health Law and the Movement Toward Voluntary Treatment." California Law Review 69 (19741:671–92.

Wing, John K. "Institutionalism in Mental Hospitals." British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychiatry 1 (1962):38.

———. "Planning and Evaluating Services for the Chronically Handicapped Psychiatric Patients in the United Kingdom." In Alternatives to Mental Hospital Treatment, ed. L. I. Stein and M. A. Test, 240. New York: Plenum, 1978.

Wolpert, J., and E. Wolpert. "The Relocation of Released Mental Patients into Residential Communities." Policy Sciences 7 (1976): 31–51.

Yarrow, M., C. S. Schwartz, H. S. Murphy, and L. C. Deasy, "The Psychological Meaning of Mental Illness in the Family." Journal of Social Issues 11 (1955): 12–24.