The Other Economy "d0e18872"

APPENDIXES

― 137 ―

Appendix 1. Monthly Food Render-Ramsey Abbey c.a.d. 1100
	Value s .	(monthly d .)	Yearly Total (s.)	%Yearly Total	Yearly Amount
Total monthly	335	1	4,021	80.7
Cash payment	80	80	960	19.2
			4,981
GRAIN^a
Bread flour	60	0	720		144 q
Grut	24		288		136 q
Malt	32		384		160 q
Oat fodder	12		144		80 q
Loaves	13	4	160		24,000 loaves
Sum			1,696	34.0
OTHER ARABLE PRODUCTS
Beans	1.3		16	0.3	24 treiae
ANIMALS
Lambs	1.2		14
Piglets	9		108
Sum			122	2.4
FOWL
Chicken	1	8	20
Geese	0	7	7
Sum			27	0.5
SECONDARY^b PRODUCTS
Lard	50		600		120 pensae
Cheese	30		360		120 pensae
Eggs	4		48		24,000
Butter	6	8	80		24 treiae
Honey^c			1,088	21.8
	5	4	64	1.3	24 sextariae
Source: Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia 3:230-234.
^a Bread flour listed in quarters (q.). Grut, malt, and prebendae (horse fodder) translated from mittae into quarters according to schedule published by Raftis in The Estates of Ramsey Abbey , 159 n.l.
^b Lard and cheese are measured in pensae . According to W. H. Prior, "Weights and Measures of Medieval England," Bulletin du Cange: Archivum Latinitatis Medii Aevi 1 (1924): 88, there are two types of pensae, the regular pensa weighing between 144 and 168 pounds (65.5-76.4 kg) and a "small" pensa of 32 pounds (14.5 kg). The cash valuation for a pensa of lard at 5s . and a pensa of cheese at 3s . suggests that the heavier pensa was the measure used for the monthly renders: David L. Farmer, "Some Price Fluctuations in Angevin England," Economic History Review . 2d ser., 9 (1956-57): 34-43.
^c 24 sextariae of honey is equivalent to 13 litres.

― 138 ―

Appendix 2. Calculations of Acreage Required to Meet Expectations of Consumption with a Surplus of 50 Percent (Based on Ramsey Abbey Food Farm Schedule)^a
Net Yields: The following net yields drawn from J. Z. Titow, English Rural Society (London, 1969), 81 are used in the calculations:
	Wheat: 7 bu per ac
	Barley: 10 bu per ac
	Oats: 5 bu per ac
Wheat: Ramsey Abbey annually consumed 144 quarters of fine flour (farinae ad panem monachorum ). Eight bushels of wheat, when cleaned, carefully milled, and sieved, produced 4 bushels of fine flour for monks' bread according to the Beaulieu Abbey accounts. Table for the Bake House and Account for Bake House # 77 (pp. 289-304) in S. F. Hockey, The Account-Book of Beaulieu Abbey , Camden Fourth Series, vol. 16 (London, 1975).
144 q fine flour = 288 q wheat
288 q x 8 = 2,304 bu / 7 = 329 ac
2 course 329 x 2 = 658 ac ( + 50% surplus) = 987 ac
3 course 329 x 1.5 = 494 ac ( + 50% surplus) = 741 ac
Grut: The Abbey consumed 136 quarters of grut annually. Grut is second-grade flour. A quarter of wheat can produce 4 bushels of second-grade flour (Beaulieu Abbey , 289-304). There is therefore no reason to add in additional acreage for grut.
Barley: The Abbey consumed 160 quarters of barley annually.
160 q x 8 = 1,280 bu / 10 bu = 128 ac
2 course 128 x 2 = 256 ac ( + 50% surplus) = 384 ac
3 course 128 x 1.5 = 192 ac ( + 50% surplus) = 288 ac
Prebendae (oat fodder) = 80 q
80 x 8 bu = 640 / 5 bu = 128 ac
2 course 128 x 2 = 256 ac ( + 50% surplus) = 384 ac
3 course 128 x 1.5 = 192 ac ( + 50% surplus) = 288 ac
Source: Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia 3:230-234.
^a Abbreviations: ac = acre; bu = bushel; q = quarter.

― 139 ―

Appendix 3. Calculations of Numbers of Livestock Required to Produce Secondary Products Consumed by Ramsey Abbey (Based on Ramsey Abbey Food Schedule)

Lard

According to "The rules and rubrics included in the treatise on accounting in MS. 79" (Oschinsky, Walter of Henley , appendix VIII, 469-475), a mature pig should produce 2 pounds of lard: De uncto et sepo. Item i porcus masculus ii annorum respondebit communiter de ii libris uncti que valebunt ad minus iii d.

In 1208-09 195 pigs killed for the larder of the manor of Downton, Wilts. yielded 2 weys (pondera ) of lard (uncti ) worth 22s . At the rate of 14 stones = 1 wey and 12 1/2 pounds = 1 stone, the pigs produced 350 pounds of lard, which equals 1.8 pounds of lard per pig, a figure reasonably in line with the accounting guidelines given above (for Downton account consult Hubert Hall, The Pipe Roll of the Bishopric of Winchester [London, 1903], 20). Assuming 2 pounds of lard per pig, 8,640 pigs could produce the 17,280 pounds of lard collected annually by the Abbey.

CHEESE Oschinsky, Walter of Henley , 180
(cows) 1 cow to yield on good pasture during 22 weeks of summer 7 stone cheese and 1 stone butter or 87.5 pounds cheese and 12.5 pounds butter. To produce 17,280 pounds cheese Ramsey would have to milk 197 cows.

CHEESE Oschinsky, Walter of Henley , 179
(ewes) 10 ewes should produce at the rate of one cow. Therefore, the figure of 197 cows can be multiplied by 10 to yield 1970 ewes.

― 140 ―

Appendix 4. Cattle Cohorts in Manorial Groupings: Peterborough Abbey
CATTLE COHORT	Autumn Tot.	Max Tot.	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max	IN Other	% Max
BULLS
1300-01
Home	8	13	3	23.1	5	38.4	0		0		0		1	7.6	0
West	3	7	3	42.8	2	28.5	0		0		2	28.5	0		0
Scarp^a	0	1	b		1	100.0	0		0		0		0		0
North	4	7	0		3	42.8	0		0		0		0		0
	15	28	6	21.4	11	39.2			0		2	7.1	1	3.5	0
1307-08
Home	9	12	2	16.6	1	8.3	0		0		0		1	8.3	0
West	5	6	0		1	16.6	0		0		0		0		0
Scarp	4	6	0		1	16.6	1	16.6	0		1	16.6	1	16.6	0
North	7	7	2	28.5	0		0		1	14.3	1	14.3	0		0
	25	31	4	12.9	3	9.6	1	3.2	1	3.2	2	6.4	2	6.4	0
1309-10
Home	11	14	1	7.1	2	14.3	0		0		0		2	14.3	0
West	5	5	0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Scarp	4	5	0		1	20.0	0		0		2	40.0	0		0
North	7	8	0		0		1	12.5	0		3	37.5	0		0
	27	32	1	3.1	3	9.3	1	3.1	0		5	15.6	2	6.3	0

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(table continued from previous page)

CATTLE COHORT	Autumn Tot.	Max Tot.	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max	IN Other	% Max
OXEN
1300-01
Home	170	261	45	17.2	34	13.0	3	1.1	3	.3	0		37	14.2	5	1.9
West	96	105	9	8.5	00		5	4.8	0		1	11.1	6	5.7	1	9.4
Scarp	9	10	b	0.0			0		0		0		0		0
North	92	133	0	0.0	13	9.7	28	21.0	0		8	6.0	4	3.0	0
	367	509	54	10.6	47	9.2	36	7.0	3	.6	9	1.8	47	9.2	6	1.2
1307-08
Home	235	304	50	16.4	26	8.5	0		4	1.5	1	0.3	20	6.5	1	0.3
West	99	129	3	2.3	12	9.3	15	11.6	1	.7	4	3.1	14	10.8	0
Scarp	62	69	2	2.9	2	2.9	2	2.8	0		3	4.3	1	1.4	5	7.3
North	88	107	0		8	7.5	10	9.3	5	4.6	12	11.2	5	4.6	0
	484	609	55	9.0	48	7.9	27	4.5	10	1.6	20	3.3	40	6.6	6	0.9
1309-10
Home	208	275	58	21.1	27	9.8	0		6	2.2	9	3.3	26	9.5	1	0.3
West	83	123	2	1.6	9	7.3	17	13.8	5	4.0	13	10.6	5	4.1	0
Scarp	61	62	2	3.2	1	1.6	0		0		7	11.2	0		0
North	93	97	0		3	3.1	1	1.0	1	1.0	11	11.3	1	1.0	0
	445	557	62	11.3	40	7.2	18	3.2	12	2.2	40	7.2	32	5.7	1	0.1

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― 142 ―

Appendix 4 (continued )
CATTLE COHORT	Autumn Tot.	Max Tot.	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max	IN Other	% Max
COWS
1300-01
Home	131	178	15	8.4	29	16.3	1		1	0.5	2	1.1	4	2.2	3	1.6
West	63	78	0		13	16.6	0	0.6	0		0		1	1.3	0
Scarp	1	3	0				0		0		1	33.3	0		2	66.6
North	58	80	0		19	23.7	3	3.7	1	1.3	7	8.8	0		0
	253	339	15	4.4	61	17.9	4	1.1	2	0.5	10	2.9	5	1.4	5	1.4
1307-08
Home	188	238	15	6.3	30	12.6	0		0		0		34	14.2	3	1.3
West	71	92	1	1.1	16	17.3	4	4.3	1	1.0	6	2.5	14	15.2	0
Scarp	16	19	1	5.2	3	15.7	1	5.2	1	5.2	1	5.3	0		0
North	64	78	0		11	14.1	3	3.8	4	5.1	3	3.8	4	5.1	0
	339	427	17	3.9	60	14.0	8	1.8	6	1.4	10	2.3	52	12.1	3	0.7
1309-10
Home	162	207	1	0.4	31	14.9	0		2	0.9	15	7.2	39	18.8	0
West	70	91	0		9	9.8	12	13.2	0		12	13.1	9	9.8	0
Scarp	15	17	0		3	17.6	0		1	5.8	0		0		0
North	62	76	0		10	13.2	1	1.3	0		6	7.9	1	1.3	0
	309	391	1	.2	53	13.5	13	3.3	3	0.8	33	8.4	49	12.5	0

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(table continued from previous page)

CATTLE COHORT	Autumn Tot.	Max Tot.	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max	IN Other	% Max
3-4-yr.-olds
1300-01
Home	70	70	0		0		0		0		0		1	1.4	0
West	27	27	0		0		0		0		0		1	3.7	1	3.7
Scarp	2	2	0		0		0		0		1	50.	0		0
North	35	35	0		0		0		0		1	3.	0		0
	134	134	0		0		0		0		2	1.5	2	1.4	1	0.7
1307-08
Home	65	65	0		0		0		0		0		13	20.2	0
West	30	30	0		0		0		2	6.6	0		0		0
Scarp	6	6	0		0		0		0		0		0		0
North	23	23	0		0		0		1	4.3	3	13.0	0		0
	124	124	0		0		0		3	2.4	3	2.4	13	10.4	0
1309-10
Home	82	82	0		0		0		0		0		26	31.7	0
West	20	20	0		0		0		2	10.0	2	10.0	0		0
Scarp	5	5	0		0		0		0		0		0		0
North	20	20	0		0		0		0		7	35.0	0		0
	127	127	0		0		0		2	1.5	9	7.1	26	20.4	0

(table continued on next page)

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Appendix 4 (continued )
CATTLE COHORT	Autumn Tot.	Max Tot.	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max	IN Other	% Max
2-3-yr.-olds
1300-01
Home	67	69	0		0		0		2	2.8	0		3	4.3	7	10.1
West	23	23	0		0		0		1	4.3	0		0		0
Scarp	1	2	0		0		0		0		0		0		0
North	37	37	0		0		0		5	13.5	1	2.7	0		0
	128	131	0		0		0		8	6.1	1	0.7	3	2.2	7	5.3
1307-08
Home	99	102	7	6.8	0		0		11	10.7	0		6	5.8	2	1.9
West	32	32	0		0		0		2	6.2	0		0		0
Scarp	5	5	0		0		0		0		1	20.0	0		0
North	31	31	0		0		0		6	19.4	0		0		0
	167	170	7	4.1	0		0		19	11.2	1	.5	6	3.5	2	1.1
1309-10
Home	110	110	0		0		0		2	1.8	0		5	4.6	0
West	38	38	0		0		0		2	5.2	2	5.2	0		0
Scarp	6	6	0		0		0		2	33.3	0		0		0
North	25	25	0		0		0		3	12.0	0		0		0
	179	179	0		0		0		9	5.1	2	1.0	5	2.7	0

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CATTLE COHORT	Autumn Tot.	Max Tot.	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max	IN Other	% Max
1-yr.-olds
1300-01
Home	88	88	0		0		0		2	2.2	1	1.1	0		0
West	42	42	0		0		0		1	2.3	0		0		0
Scarp	2	2	0		0		0		0		1	50.0	0		0
North	35	35	0		0		0		4	11.4	0		0		0
	167	167	0		0		0		7	4.2	2	2.0	0		0
1307-08
Home	119	127	8	6.3	0		0		7	5.5	0		2	1.5	0
West	37	37	0		0		0		3	8.1	0		0		0
Scarp	6	6	0		0		0		1	16.6	0		0		0
North	24	24	0		0		0		1	4.2	0		0		0
	186	194	8	4.1	0		0		12	6.1	0		2	1.0	0
1309-10
Home	81	82	1	1.2	0		0		5	6.1	0		0		0
West	32	32	0		0		0		9	28.1	0		0		0
Scarp	10	10	0		0		0		0		0		0		0
North	33	33	0		0		0		2	6.0	0		0		0
	156	157	1	0.6	0		0		16	10.2	0		0		0

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Appendix 4 (continued )
CATTLE COHORT	Autumn Tot.	Max Tot.	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max	IN Other	% Max
CALVES
1300-01
Home	128	130	0		0		2	1.5	2	1.5	0		8	6.2	0
West	53	53	0		0		0		4	7.5	1	1.8	0		0
Scarp	1	1	0		0		0		0		0		0		0
North	49	49	0		0		0		4	8.2	4	8.2	0		0
	231	233	0		0		2	0.8	10	4.2	5	2.1	8	3.4	0
1307-08
Home	153	166	10	6.0	0		5	3.0	12	7.2	0		24	14.4	0
West	54	54	0		0		1	1.8	4	7.4	7	12.9	0		0
Scarp	12	12	0		0		0		3	25.0	0		0		0
North	39	39	0		0		0		5	12.8	9	23.1	0		0
	258	271	10	3.6	0		6	2.2	24	8.8	16	5.9	24	8.8	0
1309-10
Home	141	141	0		0		0		4	2.8	6	4.3	31	21.9	0
West	51	52	0		0		1	1.9	1	1.9	0		12	23.0	0
Scarp	14	14	0		0		0		6	42.8	0		2	14.3	0
North	36	36	0		0		0		1	2.7	2	5.5	0		0
	242	243	0		0		1	0.4	12	4.9	8	3.3	45	18.5	0
^a 1300-01-all cohorts; Scarp manors missing Cottingham, Great Easton.
^b Incomplete.

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Abbreviations used in appendixes 5-7
Appendix 5: ung. = unguent
HOME MANORS
BRBY	Boroughbury
CAST	Castor
EYE	Eye
GLIN	Glinton
LNTP	Longthorpe
NTHM	Northolm
WALT	Walton
WRNG	Werrington
WEST MANORS
ASHT	Ashton
BGGG	Biggin
ILBG	Ithlinborough
KTTG	Kettering
STWK	Stanwick
WARM	Warmington
SCARP MANORS
CTNG	Cottingham
GEST	Great Easton
NORTH MANORS
CLNM	Collingham
FISK	Fiskerton
SCTR	Scotter
TNWL	Tinwell
WLCT	Walcot
Appendix 7: under hogs, w = wethers; e = ewes

― 148 ―

Appendix 5. Dairy Yields on the Manors of Peterborough Abbey 1307-08 (1 petra = 14 pounds; 10 ewes = 1 cow)^a
	Cheese Petra	Sell Petra	% Sell	Milk Lagena	Petra Weight	% Sus.	Petra Pressura	Butter Petra	% Sold	Ung. Petra	Cream	Prod. Petra/Cow	Milk Bought Lagena
BRBY	63			390	28	1.5	0.5	16				4.37
Cows 23	2.73				.95			0.70
^b GLIN	61.5	2	3.2	20	1.25	100		18					673
Cows 12	5.12				.10			1.5	8.3			6.72
Lambs 256	(1.6)				(.03)			(.478)				(2.1)
WRNG	93							30
Cows 17	5.47							1.76				7.23
LNTP	70			47	3	2		16.5					4
Cows 20	3.5				.15	42.5		.825				4.47
CAST	23			36	2			6	16.6
Cows 11	2.09				.181			.545				2.18
^b CLNM	112			42	(3)			21	96.4				40.5
Cows 14	8.0				.214			1.5				9.7
Lambs 140	(1.0)	108	96		(.107)			(.68)				(4.7)
^c SCTR^c	93.25			202	14	79		19.25	100				241
Cows 15	6.15				.86			1.28				8.43
Lambs 121	(3.41)	90.75	98		(.48)			(.047)				(3.93)
^b FISK	39.25			264	16.5	44		9					257

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(table continued from previous page)

	Cheese Petra	Sell Petra	% Sell	Milk Lagena	Petra Weight	% Sus.	Petra Pressura	Butter Petra	% Sold	Ung. Petra	Cream	Prod. Petra/Cow	Milk Bought Lagena
Cows 10	3.93				1.65			.90	66	22.2		6.48
Lambs 159	(1.51)	28	71		(.634)			(.346)				(2.49)
^b WARM	47.5	11.5	24.2	270	19.5	(25.5)		11	81.8	4.5			255
Cows 17	2.79	(1.43)			1.14			.64				4.57
Lambs 163	(1.43)	(.59)						(.33)				(2.32)
BGGG	103.5		47	156	8.5	69.2		11	40.9	40.9			352
Cows 16	6.46	49			.53			68				7.67
Lambs 237	(2.65)				(.217)			(.33)				(3.19)
KTTG	110.5	56.5	51	151	8	68.2		16.5	72.7				266
Cows 21	5.26				.714			.785		6.0		6.42
Ewes 243	(2.56)				(.348)			(.393)				(2.98)
CTNG	116.5	105.0	90.1	95	5.5	100		16	87.5	0			104
Cows 11	10.59				.50			1.45				12.54
Ewes 100	(4.16)				(.19)	(.571)						(6.57)
Kids 49
^b GEST	14p	10	71.4					5
Cows 0	-							.030		100
Ewes 164	(.085)											(1.15)
EYE, NTHM	See appendix 6.
^a Number of lactating cows and ewes derived from number of cows and lambs born on the manor for the accounting year.
^b Evidence for milking ewes.
^c Petra = 16 pounds.

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Appendix 6. Dairy Yields: The Manors of Eye and Northolm 1300-1483 (1 petra = 14 pounds, 10 ewes = 1 cow)
	Cheese Petra	Sell Petra	% Sell	Milk Lagena	Weight	% Milk Sus.	Petra Pressura	Butter Petra	% Sold	Cream Petra	Prod. Petra/Cow
1300-01^a	149^b	(1)		473	16.5	61.3		30	65	4
EYE
30 cows	3.95				.55					.133	6.65
328 lambs	30 estimated							1			(.091)
1307-08^a	221	131	54.1	368	25.5	89		42	54	1.5
EYE
60 cows	3.68				.425			.70			4.8
305 lambs	(2.45)				(.283)			(.466)			(3.2)
1309-10^a	272	94.5	34.7	459	28.5	91	3	52	71
EYE
68 cows	4.0				.514			.76			5.2
225 lambs^c
1393-94	47.75		60					10
NTHM
9 cows	5.3			.476				1.1			6.8
1407-08	46.5			44				12
NTHM
12 cows	3.87			.26				1.			5.1
1410-11	119			111	(22.6)			16.5		1
EYE
19 cows	6.2				.417			.86		.052	7.5

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	Cheese Petra	Sell Petra	% Sell	Milk Lagena	Weight	% Milk Sus.	Petra Pressura	Butter Petra	% Sold	Cream Petra	Prod. Petra/Cow
1410-11	58.5	12	20.5	35	(3.5)	100		13	23
NTHM
?10 cows	5.8				.35			1.3			7.4
1411-12	108	2			24					1.5
EYE
21 cows	5.14				1.14					.07	7.4
1411-12	49.5	3		101	(10)			12
NTHM	3.3				.66			.8			4.7
15 cows
1436-37	77			45	4.5			21.25		1.25
EYE
16 cows^d	4.8				.281			1.3		.06	6.4
1456-57
EYE^e
19 cows	80										5.0
1462-63
EYE	68							17
17 cows	4							1			5.0
NTHM	60							15
15 cows	4							1			5.0
1483
NTHM	68				17			17
17 cows	4							1			5.0
^a Evidence for milking ewes.
^b The sheep cheese estimate has been subtracted.
^e Sold PT, probably not milked.
^d An additional 4 cows did not lactate, through sickness.
^e Leasing arrangement, 1 cow = 1 petra butter; 4 petrae cheese; 0 milk.

― 152 ―

Appendix 7. Sheep on the Manors of Peterborough Abbey Wethers: Home Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
EYE	0	10	0		0		0		0		5	50	3	30
GLIN	0	17	0		1	5.8	0		1	5.8	0		7	41.1
LNTP	99	164	60	36.6	0		0		25	15.2	134	81.7	4	2.4
WALT	159	170	8	4.7	0		0		4	2.3	14	8.2	1	.5
CAST	229	499	15	3.0	21	4.2	175	35.0	16	3.2	106	21.2	5	1.0
WRNG	0	6			0		0		0		0		6	100
TOT	487	866	83	9.5	22	2.5	175	20.2	46	5.3	259	29.9	26	3.0
1307-08
EYE	2	2	0		0		0		0		0		0
NTHM	0	1	1	100.0	0		0		0		0		0
GLIN	4	4	0		0		0		0	.9	0		7	63.6
LNTP	0	5	0		0		0		1		1		4	80.0
WALT	281	281	0		0		0		10	3.5	0		0
CAST	217	257	40	15.5	0		0		28	10.9	0		0
WRNG	0	6	0		0		0				0		6	100.0
TOT	504	556	41	7.3	0		0		39	7.0	1	.2	17	3.0

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― 153 ―

(table continued from previous page)

	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1309-10
EYE	3	3	0		0		0				3	100.	0
NTHM	5	388	280	72.2	6	1.5	96	24.7	13	3.6	280	72.2	0
GLIN	17	164	0	43.9	67	40.8	80	48.7	5	3.0	14	8.5	1	.6
LNTP	0	5	0		0		0		0		0		5	100.
WALT^a	348	407	(72)^a	17.6	0		59	14.5	23	5.6	107	26.2	86	21.1
CAST	197	372	0		175	47.0	0		0		196	52.6	0
WRNG	0	7	0		0		0		0		1		6	85.7
TOT	570	1,346	352	26.2	248	18.4	235	17.4	41	3.1	601	44.6	98	7.2

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― 154 ―

(table continued from previous page)

Appendix 7. (continued )
Wethers: West Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
WARM	167	227	60	26.4	0		0		8	3.5	217	95.6	0	-
BGGG	351	721	0		50	6.9	320	44.4	24	3.3	20	2.7	1	.1
STWK	0	90	90		90	100.	0		0		0		0
ILBG	91	91	0		0		0		3	3.3	1	1.1	1	1.1
KTTG	5	16	0		11	68.8	0		0		0		0
TOT	614	1,145	150	13.1	151	13.1	320	27.9	35	3.1	238	20.8	2	.17
1309-08
WARM	9	63	0		53	84.1	0		1
BGGG	511	593	22	3.7	68	13.3	0		49	8.3	59	9.9	1	.16
ASHT	194	224	30	13.3	0		0		23	10.3	0		0
STWK	0	157	0		0		0		13	8.3	0		0
ILBG	252	252	1	0.3	1	.004	0		4	1.6	0		0
KTTG	12	24	5	20.8	2	8.3	1		0		0		4	16.6
TOT	978	1,313	58	4.4	124	9.4	1	.07	90	6.8	59	4.4	5	.4

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― 155 ―

(table continued from previous page)

	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1309-10
WARM	17	42	1	2.3	24	57.1	0		2	4.8	0
BGGG	405	677	0		72	10.6	200	29.5	30	4.4	311	45.9	18	2.6
ASHT^b	181	304	96	31.5	27	8.8	0		5	1.6	0		0
STWK^c	143	236	84	35.5	8	3.4	0		25	10.6	6	6.7	1	.4
ILBG	148	197	0		49	24.8	0		(14)	7.1	3	1.5	0
KTTG^c	25	28	0		3	10.7	0		0		3	10.7	0
TOT	919	1,484	181	12.2	183	12.3	200	13.5	76	5.1	323	21.7	19	12.8
^b Season transfer point.
^c 47 Whethers given to Staurator-payment.

(table continued on next page)

― 156 ―

Appendix 7. (continued )
Wethers: North Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
CLNM	36	130	14	10.8	28	21.5	66	50.8	0		19	14.6	0
SCTR	158	224	3	1.3	60	26.8	3	1.3	9	4.0	85	37.9	1	.4
FISK	0	131	11	8.4	110	83.9	10	7.6	14	10.7	0		0	0
TOT	194	485	28	5.7	198	40.8	79	16.1	23	4.7	104	21.4	1	.2
1307-08
CLNM	267	404	0	0	53	13.1	84	20.8	13	3.2	70	17.3	0
SCTR	(485)^d	657	0	0	67	10.2	104	15.8	7	1.1	80	12.2	0
FISK	293	351	0	0	34	9.7	23	9.4	13	3.7	9	2.6	0
TOT	1045	1,412	0	0	154	10.9	211	14.9	33	2.3	159	11.3	0
1309-10
CLNM	242	394	0	0	55	13.9	97	24.6	12	3.0	80	20.3	0
SCTR	300	615	0	0	40	6.5	280	45.5	8	1.3	280	45.2	0
FISK	333	447	0	0	52	11.6	62	13.9	25	5.6	96	21.5	0
WLCT	160	179	0	0			19		2	1.1	19		0
TOT	1035	1,635	0	0	147	8.9	458	28.0	47	2.9	475	29.1	0
^d Discrepancy in account roll.

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― 157 ―

(table continued from previous page)

Wethers: Scarp Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
TNWL	100	119
1307-08
TNWL	143	196	50	25.5	0		3	1.5	13	6.6	31	15.8	0
GEST	131	279	50	17.9	58	20.7	0		11	3.9	0		3	1.1
CTNG	108	108	0		0		0		0		0		5	4.6
TOT	382	583	100	17.1	58	9.9	3	.5	24	4.1	31	5.3	8	1.4
1309-10
TNWL^c	120	158	7	4.4	30	18.9	1	.6	9	5.7	1	.6	0
GEST^c	151	176	0	3.9	25	14.2	0		6	3.4	0		0
CTNG^c	121	172	0		51	29.6	0		11	6.4	0		0
TOT	392	506	7	1.3	106	20.9	1		26	5.1	1		0
^c 10 Wethers to John Staurator.

(table continued on next page)

― 158 ―

Appendix 7. (continued )
Ewes: Home Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
EYE	257	339	82	24.2	0		0		28	8.2	0		0
CAST	0	24	0		0		24		0		0		0
GLIN	198	317	118	37.2	1	.3	0		37	11.7	31	9.7	0
LNTP	58	65	0		0		0		0		6		0
TOT	513	745	200	26.8	1		24	3.2	65	8.7	37	4.9	0
1307-08
EYE	349	369	14	3.8	6	1.6	0		34	9.2	14	3.7	0
GLIN	267	678	0		411	60.6	0		96	14.2	0		0
NTHM	289	289	0		0		0		23	7.9	0		0
TOT	905	1,336	14	1.0	417	31.2	0		153	11.4	14	1.0	0
1309-10
EYE	222	241	19	7.8	0		0		11	4.6	204	84.6	8	3.3
GLIN	269	327	0		58	17.7	0		15	4.6	10	3.1	0
NTHM	160	391	201	51.4	20	5.1	20	5.1	16	4.1	345	88.2	0
TOT	651	959	220	22.9	78	8.1	20	2.0	42	4.3	559	58.2	8	0.8

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― 159 ―

(table continued from previous page)

Ewes: West Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
WARM	38	278	0		0		240	86.3	0		2	.7	0
BGGG	128	241	0		113	46.8	0		26	10.8	0		0
ILBG	122	122	0		0		0		0		0		0
KTTG	131	221	40	18.1	50	22.6	0		11	5.0	13	5.8	0
TOT	419	862	40	4.6	163	18.1	240	27.8	37	4.3	15	1.7
1307-08
WARM	187	244	0		56	22.9	0		9	3.6	0		0
BGGG	308	387	0		79	20.4	0		43	11.1	26	6.7	0
ILBG	82	274	0		192	70.0	0		0		0		0
KTTG	191	277	81	29.2	5	1.8	0		9	3.2	0		0
TOT	768	1,182	81	6.8	332	28.1	0		61	5.2	26	2.2
1309-10
WARM	183	247	0		64	25.9	0		16	6.4	0		0
BGGG	227	299	4	1.3	72	24.1	0		26	8.7	0		0
ASHT	63	94	0	67.0	31	32.9	0		0		0		0
ILBG	85	162	75	46.2	75	46.2	0		0		0		0
KTTG	223	307	84	27.3	0		0		14	4.6	0		0
TOT	781	1,109	163	14.6	242	22.2	0		56	5.0	0		0

(table continued on next page)

― 160 ―

Appendix 7. (continued )
Ewes: North Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
CLNM	122	312	12	3.8	52	16.6	148	44.2	20	6.2	74	23.7	0
SCTR	153	191	0		38	19.8	0		3	1.6	30	15.7	0
FISK	0	130	11	8.4	110		9	6.9	13	1.0	0		0
TOT	275	633	23	3.6	200	14.2	157	23.2	36	5.6	104	16.4	0
1307-08
CLNM	236	316	0		60	18.9	20	6.3	22	6.9	60	18.9	0
SCTR	178	235	0		50	21.2	6	2.5	2	.8	56	23.8	0
FISK	237	273	0		35	12.8	0		7	2.5	40	14.6	0
TOT	651	824	0		145	17.6	26	3.8	31	3.8	156	18.9	0
1309-10
CLNM	272	344	0		72	20.9	0		15	4.4	80	23.3	0
SCTR	211	260	0		31	11.9	18	6.9	7	2.7	91	35.0	0
FISK	219	350	0		66	13.1	65	18.5	15	4.3	50	14.3	0
TOT	702	954	0		169	17.7	83	8.7	37	3.8	221	23.2	0

(table continued on next page)

― 161 ―

(table continued from previous page)

Ewes: Scarp manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
TNWL	0	10			0		0		0		0		0
1307-08
GEST	181	257	0		76	29.5	0		9	3.5	0		0
CTNG	80	170	40	23.5	50	29.4	0		0		0		0
TOT	261	427	40	9.3	126	29.5	0		9	2.1	0		0
1309-10
GEST	181	233	20	27.4	30	12.8	0		8	3.4	0		0
CTNG	118	168	12	7.1	50	29.7	0		9	5.4	0		0
TOT	299	401	32	7.9	80	19.9	0		17	4.2	0	(56)?	0

(table continued on next page)

― 162 ―

Appendix 7. (continued )
Hoggs: Home Manors^a
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
GLIN	2	2			2e
CAST	169	169			21e				37	21.8	111	65.6
LNTP	15	15									15	100.0
1307-08
EYE	6	6			6e
GLIN	411	411			411e
1309-10
EYE	5	5									5	100.0
NTHM	6	79			6w		73
GLIN	174	184	10		67w				59	32.1
					58e
CAST	191	191			175w				16	8.3

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― 163 ―

(table continued from previous page)

	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
WARM	19	19	0		0		0		0		5	26.3	0
BGGG	154	206	12	5.8	50w		40	19.4	42	20.4			0
					113e
ILBG	1	1	0		0		0		1	100.0	0		0
KTTG	153	162	0		11w		9	5.5	0		1	6.7	0
STWK		90	90	100.0	50e		0		0		0		0
TOT	327	388	102	26.3	224		49	12.6	43	11.1	6	1.5	0
1307-08
WARM	126	129	0		53w		3	2.3	20	15.8	0		0
					56e
BGGG	186	246	0		68w		60	32.2	41	22.0	0		0
					79e
ILBG	2	203	201	99.0	1w		0		10	4.9	0		0
					192e
TOT	314	578	201	34.7	449		63	12.2	71	13.7			0

(table continued on next page)

― 164 ―

Appendix 7. (continued )
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1309-10
WARM	131	131	0		24w		0		10	7.6	0		0
					64e
BGGG	185	185	0		72w		0		41	22.2	0		0
					72e
ASHT	63	63	0		27w		0		5	7.9	0		0
					31e
STWK	8	8	0		8w		0		0		0		0
ILBG	2	128	126	98.4	49w		0		4	3.1	0		0
					75e
KTTG	180	180	0				0		2	6.6	12	6.6	0
TOT	569	695	126	18.1	422		0		62	8.7	12	1.7	0

(table continued on next page)

― 165 ―

(table continued from previous page)

	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
CLNM	80	80	0		28w		0		0		0		0
					52e
SCTR	98	98	0		60w		0		0		0		0
					38e
TOT	178	178			178
1307-08
CLNM	196	233	0		53w		37	15.8	60	25.7	60	25.7	0
					60e
SCTR	119	119	0		67w		0		3	2.5	8	6.7	0
					51e
FISK	83	83	0		34w		0		14	16.8	0		0
					35e
TOT	398	435			300		37	15.8	77	17.7	68	15.6
1309-10
CLNM	130	141	0		55w		11	7.8	3	2.1	0		0
					72e
SCTR	78	78	0		40w		0		7	8.9	0		0
					31e
FISK	143	148	0		52w		5	3.4	13	8.8	17	11.5	0
					66e
TOT	351	367			316		16	4.4	23	6.2	27	4.6

(table continued on next page)

― 166 ―

Appendix 7. (continued )
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
TNWL	59	160	100	62.5	0		0		1	6.2	0		0
CTNG^d			(58)		0		23		0		0		0
TOT			158		0		23		1		0		0
1307-08
GEST	125	168	40	23.8	58w		3	1.7	34	20.2	0		0
					76e
CTNG	42	100	58	58.0	50e		0		50	50.0	0		0
TOT	167	268	98	36.5	184			1.1	84	31.3	0		0
1309-10
TNWL	0	33	33	100.0	30w		0		3	9.1	0		0
GEST	74	74	0		25w		0		17	22.9	0		0
					32e
CTNG	73	113	40		51w		0		12	10.6	0		0
					50e
TOT	147	220	73	33.2	188				32	14.5	0		0

(table continued on next page)

― 167 ―

(table continued from previous page)

	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
EYE	328	408	0		0		80	19.6	50	12.1	0		0
CAST	0	248	162	65.2	0		0		162	65.3	0		0
GLIN	301	301	0		0		0		78	25.9	0		0
TOT	629	957	162	16.9	0		80	8.4	290	30.3	0		0
1307-08
EYE	305	305	0		0		0		92	30.2	0		1	.3
NTHM	251	251	0		0		0		80	31.8	0		1
GLIN	256	289	33	11.4	0		0		129	44.6	0		1	.3
TOT	812	845	33	3.9	0		0		301	35.6	0		3	0.3
1309-10
EYE	225	225	0		0		0		43	19.1	0		1	.4
NTHM	147	257	0		0		110	70.1	19	7.4	0		0
GLIN	193	250	57	22.8	0		0		15	6.0	0		1	.4
CAST	0	250	250	100.0	0		0		8	3.2	0		0
TOT	565	982	307	31.2	0		110	11.2	85	8.6	0		2	0.2

(table continued on next page)

― 168 ―

Appendix 7. (continued )
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
BGGG	111	232	86	37.1			35	15.1	26	11.2	0		0
STWK	0	50	50	100.0			0		0	2.0	0		0
ILBG	0	195	195	100.0			0		9	4.6	0		0
KTTG	165	165	0				11	6.6	45	27.2	0		0
TOT	276	642	331	51.5			46	7.2	80	12.6	0		0
1307-08
WARM	163	163	0				0		22	13.5	0		0
BGGG	237	269	0				32	11.9	76	28.3	20	7.4	0
ILBG	6	206	200	97.0			0		2	.9	0		0
KTTG	243	243	0				0		25	10.3	0		1	.4
TOT	649	881	200	22.7			32	3.6	125	14.2	20	2.2	1	0.1
1309-10
WARM	154	154	0				0		32	20.7	0		0
BGGG	203	203	0				0		30	14.8	0		0
ASHT	60	60	0				0		4	6.6	0		0
ILBG	3	3	0				0		0		0		0
KTTG	266	266	0				0		28	10.5	0		0
TOT	686	686	0				0		94	13.7	0		0

(table continued on next page)

― 169 ―

(table continued from previous page)

Lambs: North Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
CLNM	104	205	0				101	49.2	28	13.6	0		0
SCTR	118	118	0				0		12	10.2	0		0
FISK	16	16	0				0		12	75.0	0		0
TOT	238	339	0				101	29.7	52	15.3	0		0
1307-08
CLNM	140	140	0				0		30	21.4	0		0
SCTR	121	121	0				0		18	14.8	0		0
FISK	159	159	0				0		28	17.6	0		0
TOT	420	420	0				0		76	18.0	0		0
1309-10
CLNM	170	170	0				0		30	17.6	0		0
SCTR	120	120	0				0		5	4.2	0		0
FISK	199	199	0				0		35	17.6	0		0
TOT	489	489	0				0		70	14.3	0		0

(table continued on next page)

― 170 ―

Appendix 7. (continued )
Lambs: Scarp Manors
	Autumn Total	Max Total	Manor Transfer	% Max	Stock	% Max	Buy	% Max	Dead	% Max	Sell	% Max	Butcher	% Max
1300-01
TNWL	0	65	65		0		0		15	23.0	0		0
1307-08
GEST	164	164	0		0		0		44		0		0
CTNG	100	100	0		0		0		30		0		0
TOT	264	264	0		0		0		74	28.0	0		0
1309-10
TNWL	0	50	50	100	0		0		0		0		0
GEST	158	158	0		0		0		32	20.3	0		0
CTNG	105	145	40	27.6	0		0		22	15.2	0		0
TOT	263	353	90	25.5	0		0		54	15.3	0		0
^a The 72 wethers transferred from Glinton to Walton are not mentioned in Walton account.
^b Season transfer point.
^c 47 wethers given to Staurator-payment.
^d Discrepancy in account roll.

― 171 ―