Published Books, Articles, Pamphlets, and Dissertations

Abraham, Meera

1988
Two Medieval Merchant Guilds of South India. New Delhi: Manohar Publications.

Adas, Michael

1974
The Burma Delta: Economic Development and Social Change on an Asian Rice Frontier, 1812–1941. Madison: University of Wisconsin.

Aiyar, R. Sathyanatha (See Sathyanatha Aiyar)

Aiyer, K. V. Subrahmanya (See Subrahmanya Aiyer, K. V.)

Allen, G. C. and A. G. Donnithorne

1957
Western Enterprise in Indonesia and Malaya. London.

Andrus, J. Russell

1948
Burmese Economic Life. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Annamalai University

1965
Dr. Raja Sir Muthiah Chettiar and Rani Lady Meyyammai Achi Sixtieth Birthday Commemorative Volume. Annamalainagar: Annamalai University.

Anonymous

1941
"Raja Sir Annamalai Chettiar of Chettinadu, a memoir." In Raja Sir Annamalai Chettiar Commemorative Volume, B. V. Narayanaswamy Naidu, ed., pp. 1–15. Annamalainagar: Annamalai University.

Appadorai, A.

1936
Economic Conditions in South India: 1350–1750 A.D. Madras: University of Madras.

Appadurai, Arjun

1974
"Right and left hand castes in South India." Indian Economic and Social History Review 11(2–3): 216–259.

1981a
Worship and Conflict under Colonial Rule: A South Indian Case. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1981b
"The past as a scarce resource" Man, n.s. 16(2): 201–219.

1981c
"Gastro-politics in Hindu South Asia." American Ethnologist 8: 494–511.

1983
"The puzzling status of Brahman temple priests in Hindu India." South Asian Anthropologist 4(1): 43–52.

1985
"Introduction: Commodities and the politics of value." In The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective, A. Appadurai, ed., pp. 3–63. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1986a
"Putting hierarchy in its place." Cultural Anthropology 3(1): 36–49.

1986b
"Theory in anthropology: Center and periphery." Comparative Studies in Society and History 28(2): 356–361.

Appadurai, Arjun, and Carol Appadurai Breckenridge

1976
"The South Indian temple: Authority, honor and redistribution." Contributions to Indian Sociology, n.s. 10(2): 187–211.

Appell, George N.

1983
"Methodological problems with the concepts of corporation, corporate grouping and cognatic descent group." American Ethnologist 10: 302–311.

1984
"Methodological issues in the corporation redux." In Social Structure and Social Relations [Special issue]. American Anthropologist 11: 815–817.

Arasaratnam, Sinnappah

1964
Ceylon. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.

1966
"Indian merchants and their trading methods (circa 1700)." Indian Economic and Social History Review 3: 85–95.

1967
"Dutch commercial policy in Ceylon and its effects on Indo-Ceylon trade." Indian Economic and Social History Review 4: 109–130.

1968
"Aspects of the role and activities of South Indian merchants c. 1650–1750." In Proceedings of the First International Conference Seminar of Tamil Studies. Vol. 1. Kuala Lumpur.

1970
Indians in Malaya and Singapore. Oxford.

1971
"The politics of commerce in the coastal kingdoms of Tamil Nad 1650–1700." South Asia 1: 1–19.

1978
"Indian commercial groups and European traders, 1600–1800: Changing relationships in Southeastern India." South Asia, n.s. 1(2): 42–53.

1979
"Trade and political dominion in South India, 1750–1790: Changing British-Indian relationships." Modern Asian Studies 13(1): 19–40.

1980
"Weavers, merchants and company: The handloom industry in South-Eastern India, 1750–1790." Indian Economic and Social History Review 17(3): 257–282.

1986
Merchants, Companies and Commerce on the Coromandel Coast 1650–1740. Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Arooran, Nambi

1980
Tamil Renaissance and Dravidian Nationalism, 1905–1944. Madurai: Koodal Publishers.

Ayyah, Chockalinga (See Chockalinga Ayyah)

Ayyar, Sadhavadanam Subramaniyarn (See Subramaniyam Ayyar, Sadhavadanam)

Babb, Lawrence

1975
The Divine Hierarchy: Popular Hinduism in Central India. New York: Columbia University Press.

Bagchi, A. K.

1972
Private Investment in India 1900–1939. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Baker, Christopher John

1975
South India: Political Institutions and Political Change, 1880–1940. Delhi: Macmillan Company of India.

1976
The Politics of South India, 1920–1927. Cambridge: University Press.

1984
An Indian Rural Economy, 1880–1955. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Baker, Christopher John, and David Washbrook

1975
South India: Political Institutions and Political Change, 1880–1940. London: MacMillan Press.

Barnett, Stephen Alan

1973
"The process of withdrawal in a South Indian caste." In entrepreneurship and Modernization of Occupational Cultures in South Asia, M. Singer, ed., pp. 179–204. Durham, N.C. Duke University.

Bastianpillai, B.

1964
"From coffee to tea in Ceylon: The vicissitudes of a colonial plantation economy." Ceylon Journal of Historical and Social Studies 7(1): 43–66.

Basu, Susan Neild

1982
"The dubashes of Madras." Paper presented at the Thirty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, Chicago, April 2–4.

1984
"Pachaiyappa Mudaliar: The 'Great Philanthropist' redefined." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association of Asian Studies, Washington, D.C., March 23–25.

Bayly, C. A.

1978
"Indian merchants in a 'traditional' setting: Benares 1780–1830." In The Imperial Impact: Studies in the Economic History of Africa and India, A. Hopkins and C. Dewey, eds., pp. 171–193. London: Athlone Press for the Institute of Commonwealth Studies.

1983
Rulers, Townsmen, and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion, 1700–1870. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1989
"Pre-colonial merchants and rationality." Cambridge. Manuscript.

Beck, Brenda

1972
Peasant Society in Konku: A Study of Right and Left Subcastes in South India. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.

1976a
"Centers and boundaries of regional caste systems: Towards a general model." In Regional Analysis, C. Smith, ed., Vol. 2: 255–288. New York: Academic Press.

1976b
"The symbolic merger of body, space and cosmos in Hindu Tamil Nadu." Contributions to Indian Sociology, n.s. 10(2): 213–241.

Benedict, Burton

1968
"Family firms and economic development." Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 24(1).

Bloch, Maurice, and Jonathan Parry

1989
"Introduction: Money and the morality of exchange." In Money and the Morality of Exchange, pp. 1–32. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Boissevain, Jeremy

1968
"Second thoughts on quasi-groups, categories and coalitions." Man, n.s. 6: 468–472.

Bourdieu, Pierre

1977
Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Breckenridge, Carol Appadurai

1976
The Sri Minaksi Sundareshvarar Temple: Worship and Endowments in South India, 1833–1925. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

1977
"From protector to litigant: Changing relations between Hindu temples and the Raja of Ramnad." Indian Economic and Social History Review 14(1): 75–106.

1983
"Scale and social formations in South India, 1350–1750." Paper presented at the Meeting of the Society for South Indian Studies, Madison, Wisconsin, November 2–4.

Breman, Jan

1974
Patronage and Exploitation: Changing Agrarian Relations in South Gujarat, India. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Brennig, Joseph J.

1977
"Chief merchants and the European enclaves of seventeenth century Coromandel." Modern Asian Studies 11(3): 321–340.

Brohier, R. L.

1964
"Chronological catalogue of letters and reports on Ceylon affairs (1795–1800) in the Madras Record Office." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Society (Ceylon), n.s. 9 (Part 1).

Brown, D. E.

1976
Principles of Social Structure. London: Duckworth.

1984
"More on corporations." In Social Structure and Social Relations [Special issue]. American Anthropologist 11: 813–815.

Buchanan, Francis H.

1870
"A journey from Madras through the counties of Mysore, Canara and Malabar." In A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages, John Pinkerton, ed. Madras: Higginbotham.

Burkhart, G.

1978
"Marriage alliance and the local circle among some Udayars of South India." In American Studies in the Anthropology of India, S. Vatuk, ed. New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies.

Capper, John

1877
Old Ceylon or Sketches of Ceylon Life in the Oldest Times. Colombo.

Carrithers, Michael, Steven Collins, and Steven Lukes (eds.)

1986
The Category of the Person: Anthropology, Philosophy, History. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.

Carroll, Lucy

1978
"Colonial perceptions of Indian society and the emergence of caste(s) associations." Journal of Asian Studies 37: 233–255.

Carter, Anthony

1973
"A comparative analysis of systems of kinship and marriage in South Asia." Proceedings of Royal Anthropological Institute, 31–54.

Cave, Henry W.

1900
Golden Tips: A Description of Ceylon and Its Great Tea Industry. London: S. Low Marston.

Chandra, Bipan.

1966
The Rise and Growth of Economic Nationalism in India. New Delhi.

Chandrasekhar, S.

1980
The Nagarathars of South India: An Essay and a Bibliography on the Nagarathars in India and South-East Asia. Madras: Macmillan Company of India.

Chandravarkar, Rajnarayan

1985
"Industrialization in India before 1947: Conventional approaches and alternative perspectives." Modern Asian Studies 19(3): 623–668.

Chaudhuri, K. N.

1965
The English East India Company: The Study of an Early Joint-Stock Company, 1600–1640. London.

1978
The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company, 1600–1760. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1985
Trade and Civilization in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Chaudhuri, K. N. (ed.)

1971
The Economic Development of India under the East India Company, 1814–58. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cheng, Siok Hwa

1968
The Rice Industry of Burma, 1852–1940. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press.

Chettiar, A. V. Ramanathan (See Ramanathan Chettiar, A. V.)

Chettiar, M. Ramanathan (See Ramanathan Chettiar, M.)

Chettiar, S. M. Lakshmanan (Somalay) (See Lakshmanan Chettiar, S. M.)

Chettiar, Vr. L. Chinnaiya (See Chinnaiya Chettiar, Vr. L.)

Chettiar Chamber of Commerce

1963
"Ilangayal Nagaratharakalin Theyva Thriupani." In Sri Kasi Nattukkottai Nakarachattiran Natrandu Vila Malar (Tamil), S. M. Lakshmanan Chettiar, ed. Madras.

Chinnaiya Chettiar, Vr. L.

1941–42
Nattukkottai Nakarattar Sarittiram (Tamil). (Reprint of Subramaniyam Ayyar 1895). Tirunelveli: South India Saiva Siddhantha Works Publishing Society.

Chockalinga Ayyah

1919
Nattukkottai Nakarattar enum Makutatana Vaicyarin Marapu Villakkam. Karaikudi.

Claus, Peter

1978
"Oral traditions, royal cults and materials for a consideration of the caste system in South India." Journal of Indian Folkloristics 1(1).

Cochrane, Glynn

1971
"Use of the concept of the "corporation": A choice between colloquialism or distortion." American Anthropologist 73: 1144–1150.

Cohen, Abner

1969
Custom and politics in Urban Africa: A Study of Hausa Migrants in Yoruba Towns. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Cohn, Bernard S.

1960
"The initial British impact on India: A case study of the Benares region." Journal of Asian Studies 19(4): 422.

1962
"Political systems in eighteenth century India: The Banaras region." Journal of the American Oriental Society 82: 312–320.

1983
"Representing authority in Victorian India." In The Invention of Tradition, E. J. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1987
"The Census, social structure and objectification in South Asia." In An Anthropologist among the Historians and Other Essays, pp. 224–254. Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Commander, S.

1983
"The jajmani system in North India: An examination of its logic and status across two centuries." Modern Asian Studies 17: 283–311.

Conlon, Frank F.

1977
A Caste in a Changing World: The Chitrapur Saraswat Brahmans, 1700–1935. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Cooper, Chester L.

1959
Money-Lenders and the Economic Development of Lower Burma: An Exploratory Historical Study of the Role of Indian Chettiars. Ph.D. dissertation, American University, Washington, D.C.

Crawfurd, John

1971 [1837]
"A sketch of the commercial resources and monetary and mercantile system of British India, with suggestions for their improvement by means of banking establishments." Reprinted in The Economic Development of India under the East India Company 1814–58, K. N. Chaudhuri, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Curtin, Philip D.

1984
Cross-cultural trade in world history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Daniel, E. Valentine

1984
Fluid Signs: Being a Person the Tamil Way. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Darling, Sir Malcolm

1947
The Punjab Peasant in Prosperity and Debt. Bombay: Oxford University Press.

Das, Veena

1976
"The uses of liminality: Society and cosmos in Hinduism." Contributions to Indian Society 10(2): 245–263.

Das Gupta, Ashin

1967
Malabar in Asian Trade, 1740–1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1970
"Trade and politics in 18th century India." In Islam and the Trade of Asia: A Colloquium, D. S. Richards, ed., pp. 181–214. Oxford: Bruno Casirer.

1979
Indian Merchants and the Decline of Surat, c. 1700–1750. Wiesbaden: Franz Stein Verlag.

Das Gupta, Ashin, and Michael Pearson (eds.)

1987
India and the Indian Ocean, 1500–1800. Calcutta.

David, Kenneth

1973
"Until marriage do us part: A cultural account of Jaffna Tamil categories for kinsman." Man, n.s. 8: 521–535.

1977
"Hierarchy and equivalence in Jaffna, North Sri Lanka: Normative codes as mediator." In The New Wind: Changing Identities in South Asia, K. David, ed., pp. 179–226. The Hague: Mouton.

Davis, Marvin

1976
"A philosophy of Hindu rank from rural West Bengal." Journal of Asian Studies 36(1): 5–24.

Day, David H.

1972
"The Nattukottai Chettiars of Tamilnadu: Explorations in the economic history of an entrepreneurial community." In South Asian Varia, pp. 65–77. Syracuse University Occasional Paper Series, No. 1. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University.

Derret, J. Duncan

1976
"Rajadharma." Journal of Asian Studies 35(4): 597–610.

Deyell, John S.

1970
"Numismatic methodology in the estimation of Mughal currency output." Indian Economic and Social History Review 13: 375–392.

Dirks, Nicholas B.

1976
"Political authority and structural change in early South Indian history." Indian Economic and Social History Review 13(2): 125–157.

1979
"The structure and meaning of political relations in a South Indian little kingdom." Contributions to Indian Sociology, n.s. 13(2): 169–204.

1983
"The royal Kallars of Pudukottai." Ann Arbor. Manuscript.

1987
The Hollow Crown: Ethnohistory of an Indian Little Kingdom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1989
"The invention of caste: Civil society in colonial India." Social Analysis 25: 42–52.

Dobbin, Christine

1972
Urban Leadership in Western India: Politics and Communities in Bombay City 1840–1885. London: Oxford University Press.

Dumont, Louis

1953
"The Dravidian kinship terminology as an expression of marriage." Man 53: 34–39. (Reprinted in Dumont 1983.)

1957a
Une Sous-Caste de L'Inde du Sud: Organisation Sociale et Religion des Pramalai Kallar. Paris: Mouton.

1957b
"Hierarchy and marriage alliance in South Indian Kinship." Occasional Papers of the Royal Anthropological Institute, No. 12. London: Royal Anthropological Institute. (Reprinted in Dumont 1983.)

1958
"A. M. Hocart on caste—Religion and power." Contributions to Indian Sociology 2: 45–63.

1959
"A structural definition of a folk deity of Tamil Nad: Aiyanar the Lord." Contributions to Indian Sociology 3: 75–87.

1961
"Marriage in India: The present state of the question. Part 1: Marriage alliance in S.E. India and Ceylon." Contributions to Indian Sociology 5: 75–95.

1962
"The conception of kingship in ancient India." Contributions to Indian Sociology 6: 48–77.

1964
"A note on locality in relation to descent." Contributions to Indian Sociology 7: 71–76.

1975
Dravidien et Kariera: l'Alliance de mariage dans l'Inde et en Australie. Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Textes de Sciences Sociales, 14. The Hague: Mouton.

1977
From Mandeville to Marx. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

1980 [1970]
Homo Hierarchicus: The Caste System and Its Implications. Chicago. University of Chicago Press.

1983
Affinity as a Value: Marriage Alliance in South India with Comparative Essays on Australia. Chicago: Chicago University Press.

1986
Essays on Individualism: Modern Ideology in Anthropological Perspective. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Dutt, Romesh Chunder

1950
The Economic History of India in the Victorian Age. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Elayathakudi Devasthanam (See Ilayathakudi Devastanam)

Emeneau, M. B.

1941
"Language and social forms: A study of Toda kinship terms and dual descent." In Language, Culture and Personality: Essays in Memory of Edward Sapir, L. Spier, A. I. Hallowell, and S. S. Newman, eds. Menasha: Sapir Memorial Publication Fund.

Evans-Pritchard, E. E.

1940
The Nuer: A Description of the Modes of Livelihood and Political Institutions of a Nilotic People. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Evers, Hans-Dieter

1972
"Chettiar moneylenders in Southeast Asia." In Asie Du Sud: Traditions et Changements, pp. 635–645. Paris: Colloques Internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, No. 582.

Fabian, Johannes

1983
Time and the Other: How Anthropology Makes Its Object. New York: Columbia University Press.

Fabricius, J. P.

1972
Tamil and English Dictionary. 4th edition. Tranquebar: Evangelical Lutheran Mission Publishing House.

Fanselow, Frank

1986
Trade, Kinship and Islamization: A Comparative Study of the Social and Economic Organisation of Muslim and Hindu Traders in Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu. Ph.D. dissertation, London School of Economics, London University.

Fortes, Meyer

1954
"The structure of unilineal groups." American Anthropologist 55: 17–41.

Fox, Richard G.

1969
From Zamindar to Ballot Box: Community Change in a North Indian Market Town. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Francis, W. F.

1906
Gazetteer for Madurai. Madras: Government of India.

Freeman, J. D.

1961
"On the concept of the kindred." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 91: 192–220.

Fried, Morton H.

1957
"The classification of corporate unilineal descent groups." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 87(1): 1–29.

Frykenberg, Robert Eric

1965
Guntur District, 1788–1848: A History of Local Influence and Central Authority in South India. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Fuller, C. J.

1979
"Gods, priests and purity: On the relations between Hinduism and the caste system." Man, n.s. 14: 459–476.

1981
"The government and the temple: The Madurai Minaksi Temple priests, 1937–1980." Paper presented at the Seventh European Conference on Modern Asian Studies, London, July 7–11.

1984
Servants of the Goddess: The Priests of a South Indian Temple. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1989
"Misconceiving the grain heap: A critique of the concept of the Indian jajmani system." In Money and the Morality of Exchange, M. Bloch and J. Parry, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1992
The Camphor Flame: Popular Hinduism and Society in India. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Furber, Holden

1951
John Company at Work. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Furnivall, J. S.

1956
Colonial Policy and Practice. New York: New York University Press.

Gadgil, D. R.

1959
Origins of the Modern Indian Business Class. New York: International Secretariat of the Institute of Pacific Relations.

Gallager, J., Gordon Johnson, and Anil Seal

1973
Locality, Province and Nation: Essays on Indian Politics, 1870–1940. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Geertz, Clifford

1963
Peddlers and Princes: Social Change and Economic Modernization in Two Indonesian Towns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

1973
"Thick description: Towards an interpretive theory of culture." In The Interpretation of Cultures, pp. 3–33. New York: Basic Books.

1979
"Suq: The bazaar economy in Sefrou." In Meaning and Order in Moroccan Society: Three Essays in Cultural Analysis, Clifford Geertz, Hilda Geertz, and Lawrence Rosen, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Glieck, James

1987
Chaos: Making a New Science. New York: Viking Press.

Good, Anthony

1982
"The actor and the act: Categories of prestation in South India." Man, n.s. 17: 23–41.

1991
The Female Bridegroom: A Comparative Study of Life-Crisis Rituals in South India and Sri Lanka. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Goodenough, Ward H.

1970
Description and Comparison in Cultural Anthropology. Chicago: Aldine.

1971
"Corporations: Reply to Cochrane." American Anthropologist 73: 1150–1152.

Goody, Jack

1958
The Developmental Cycle in Domestic Groups. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gopal, Surendra

1976
Commerce and Crafts in Gujarat, 16th and 17th Centuries: A Study in the Impact of European Expansion on Precapitalist Economy. New Delhi: People's Publishing House.

Gough, Kathleen

1981
Rural Society in Southeast India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gould, Harold

1964
"The jajmani system of North India: Its structure, magnitude and meaning." Ethnology 3: 12–41.

Grant, James

1918 [1784]
"Political survey of the Northern Circars." In Fifth Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Affairs of the East India Company, W. K. Firminger, ed., Volume 3. Calcutta.

Greenough, Paul R.

1983
"Indulgence and abundance as Asian peasant values: A Bengali case in point." Journal of Asian Studies 44: 831–850.

Gurney, J. D.

1968
The Debts of the Nawab of Arcot 1763–1776. Ph. D. dissertation. Oxford University.

Habib, Irfan

1960
"Banking in Mughal India." In Contributions to Indian Economic History, T. Raychauduri, ed., Vol. 1. Calcutta: K. L. Mukhopadhyay.

1969
"Potentialities of capitalistic development in the economy of Mughal India." Journal of Economic History 24(1).

1973
"The system of bills of exchange (hundis) in the Mughal Empire." In Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 33rd Session, Muzatarppur, 1972, pp. 290–303. New Delhi.

1980
"The technology and economy of Mughal India." Indian Economic and Social History Review 17: 1–34.

1982
"Monetary systems and prices." In Cambridge Economic History, T. Raychauduri and I. Habib, eds. Vol. 1, c. 1200–1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Habib, Irfan, and Tapan Raychaudhuri

1982
Cambridge Economic History of India. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hall, Kenneth R.

1980
Trade and Statecraft in the Age of Colas. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications.

Hardgrave, Robert L., Jr.

1969
The Nadars of Tamilnad: The Political Culture of a Community in Change. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Harper, Edward B.

1959
"A Hindu village pantheon." Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 15: 227–234.

1964
"Ritual pollution as an integrator of caste and religion." In Religion in South Indian, E. Harper, ed. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Harriss, Barbara

1981
Transitional Trade and Rural Development: The Nature and Role of Agricultural Trade in a South Indian District. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House.

Harriss, John

1982
Capitalism and Peasant Farming: Agrarian Structure and Ideology in Northern Tamil Nadu. Bombay: Oxford University Press.

Haynes, Douglas E.

1991
Rhetoric and Ritual in Colonial India: The Shaping of a Public Culture in Surat City, 1852–1928. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Hazelhurst, Leighton W.

1966
Entrepreneurship and the Merchant Castes in a Punjabi City. Duke University Program in Comparative Studies on Southern Asia, Monograph and Occasional Paper Series, No. 1. Durham: Duke University.

Hobsbawm, E. J., and T. Ranger

1983
The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hocart, A. M.

1950
Caste: A Comparative Study. London: Methuen.

Hubert, Henri, and Marcel Mauss

1964
Sacrifice: Its Nature and Function. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Ilayathakudi Devastanam

1939
Administration Report of the Elayathakudi Devastanam. Karaikudi: Chettinadu Press.

1963
Ilayattakudi Manmiyum. Ilayattakudi.

Inden, R. B.

1986
"Orientalist constructions in India." Modern Asian Studies 20(3): 401–446.

1991
Imagining India. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Inden, R. B., and R. W. Nicholas

1977
Kinship in Bengali Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Inglis, Stephen

1985
"Possession and Pottery: Serving the Divine in a South Indian Community." In Gods of Flesh, Gods of Stone, J. P. Waghorne and N. Cutler, eds. Chambersburg, Pa: Anima.

Irschick, Eugene F.

1969
Politics and Social Conflict in South India: The Non-Brahman Movement and Tamil Separatism, 1916–1929. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Ito, Shoji

1966
"A note on the business combine in India, with special reference to the Nattukkottai Chettiars." Developing Economies (Tokyo) A: 367–380.

Kane, P. V.

1941
History of Dharmasastra, Vol. 1. Poona: Government Oriental Series.

1946
History of Dharmasastra, Vol. 3. Poona: Government Oriental Series.

Kannangara, D. M.

1960
"Formative influences in Ceylon's banking development." Ceylon Journal of History and Social Studies 3(1): 82–95.

Kay, Paul

1965
"A generalization of the cross/parallel distinction." American Anthropologist 67: 30–43.

1967
"On the multiplicity of cross/parallel distinctions." American Anthropologist 69: 83–85.

Khare, Ravindra S.

1970
The changing Brahmans: Associations and elites among the Kanya-Kubjas of North India. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

Kochanek,Stanley

1964
Business and Politics in India. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Kopytoff,Igor

1986
"The cultural biography of things: Commoditization as process." In The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective, A. Appadurai, ed., pp. 95–109. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kramrisch,Stella

1946
The Hindu Temple. Calcutta: University of Calcutta.

Krishnan,V.

1959
Indigenous Banking in South India. Bombay: Bombay State Cooperative Union.

Krishna Rao, M. V. G.

1964
"Salt industry in the Circars: From 1776–1805." Journal of the Andhra Historical Society 29(3–4): 71–82.

Kumar,Dharma

1965
Land and Caste in South India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lakshmanan Chettiar, S. M. (Somalay)

1953
Chettinadum Tamilum (Tamil). Madras.

1963
Calcutta. In Sri Kasi Nattukkottai Nakarachattiram Natrandu Vila Malar (Tamil), S. M. Lakshmanan Chettiar, ed. Madras.

LakshmananChettiar, S. M. (ed.)

1963
Sri Kasi Nattukkottai Nakarachattiram Natrandu Vila Malar, SKNNNVM (Tamil). Madras.

Lamb, Helen

1959
"The Indian merchant." In Traditional India: Structure and Change, M. Singer, ed., pp. 25–34. Philadelphia: American Folklore Society.

Lansing,Stephen J.

1993
"Emergent properties of Balinese water temple networks: Coadaptation on a rugged fitness landscape." American Anthropologist 95(1): 97–114.

Leach, Edmund

1960
"Introduction." In Aspects of Caste in South India, Ceylon and Northwest Pakistan, Edmund Leach, ed. Cambridge Papers in Social Anthropology, No. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1961 [1951]
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