O
Octavian, 2 , 3 , 14 , 22
See also Caesar, Octavian
optimism and pessimism:
in the Aeneid,3 -5, 6 -7
in the Georgics,3 -4, 14 -16
Orpheus, 25 -26, 177
innovations in Virgil's treatment of, 80 -81
as isolated and regressive figure, 85 -86
as paradigmatic poet, 80
parallel to nightingale, 85
pleasure of, in sorrow and loss, 82 -85
as symbol of failure of art, 81 -83
Orpheus and Eurydice, 48 , 56 , 68 -69, 177 , 185 , 186
Otis, B., 14 , 20 , 33 , 48