S

Sahillioglu, H., 63

Saint-Simon, Henri de, 188 , 198 , 238 , 280

Salter, Arthur, 137 , 151

Samuelson, Paul A., 13 , 135 , 350

Samuelsson, K., 18

Sandberg, Lars, 25

Saul, S.B., 58

Sauvy, Alfred, 167 , 178 , 179

savings, 242 , 352

and aging economy, 240 , 241 -2

France, 174 , 175

and population, 177 , 242

Sawyer, John E., 19 , 168

Sayers, R.S., 22 , 278

Say's Law, 17

Scandinavia

and UK trade, 143

see also Denmark; Norway; Sweden

Schacht, Hjalmar, 147 , 148 -9, 340

Schama, Simon, 253 , 257 , 258 , 259

Schattschneider, E.E., 136

Schlesinger, Arthur Jr, 354

Schmoller, Gustav, 12

Schmookler, J., 17

Schubert, Eric S., 332

Schuker, Stephen A., 129 , 339

Schuman, Robert, 132 , 223

Schumpeter, J.A., 15 , 18 , 104 , 190 , 193 , 214 , 238

Schurz, William L., 44 , 46 , 47

Schwartz, Anna J., 311 , 316 -17

Scotland, banks, 14 , 274 -5

Scott, W.R., 89 , 104 , 105

Scoville, Warren C., 330 , 331 , 341

Seager, Henry, 136

Sédillot, René, 200

Seligman, 209

Serra, Antonio, 100

Sevill, 48 -9, 56

Shakespeare, William, 4

Shaw, Edward S., 271 , 273

Shubik, Martin, 350

Shultz, George P., 250

Siegal, Abraham, 9

Sieveking, Heinrich, 56

silver 25

gold ratio, 76 , 93 , 210

flow, 44 , 46 -51

routes of, 57 -77

Spanish American, 35 -79, 89 , 90 -2

Baltic, 57 -62

bullionism, 39 -41

China, 72 -5

crisis, 38 -9

European demand, 51 -7

gold/silver ratio, 76 -7

India, 65 -72

Manila gallcon, 46

Middle East, 62 -5

producers, 44 -6

Spain, 49 -51

specie data, 41 -4

world production of, 41

see also gold

Simca, 176

Simiand, F., 15

Simkin, C.G.F., 40 , 73

Simon, Matthew, 313 , 319

Small, William, 107

Smiles, Samuel, 106

Smith, Adam, 9 , 96 , 97 , 277 , 353

on China, 64 -5, 72

and demand for silver, 51

on distant trade, 16

and economic history, 12 , 350

and growth, 15

on hoarding, 68

and industrial revolution, 103 -25

on Navigation Acts, 95

overtrading, 318

on use of foreign money, 56 , 59 , 73

Wealth of Nations , 206 , 207 , 352

Smith, Cyril Stanley, 17 , 108 , 112

Smith, Mark A., 139

Solow, Robert M., 349 , 353

South Africa, trade with UK, 141

South Korea, 271 , 272

South Sea bubble, 7 , 277 , 333 , 341

Soviet Union

East-West trade, 160 -1

First World War and postwar reconstruction, 149 -50

and trade agreements, 133

and US, 217 , 225

Spain, 36 , 37 , 352

decline of, 254 -6

and precious metals, 42 , 43

and silver trade, 48 -51

Spanish America see silver

special drawing rights, 229 , 230 , 232

specialization, 117 , 120

specie see capital; currency; gold; silver

speculation and capital flight, 326 -7

Spengler, Joseph J., 167

Spengler, Oswald, 251

Sperling, J., 41 , 98

Spooner, Frank C., 36 , 93 , 94

Sprague, O.M.W., 275 , 315 , 321

Spraos, John, 341 -2

Staley, Charles, 109

Stalin, Josef, 149

standardization, 114

stapling, Adam Smith on, 110

Steensgaard, Niels, 62 , 63 , 67

sterling

depreciation, 138 , 140 , 144 , 303 , 304 -5

Stern, Fritz, 314 , 315

Stewart, Dugald, 104

stock exchanges, 276

Stolper, Wolfgang F., 13 , 135 , 350

Strange, Susan, 298

Strong, Benjamin, 213

Suez canal, 312

Supple, Barry E., 38 , 55 , 88

Sweden, 38 , 89 , 127 , 159

copper, 59

and tariffs, 135

Switzerland, 352