Preferred Citation: Thomas, Brook. American Literary Realism and the Failed Promise of Contract. Berkeley, Calif:  University of California Press,  c1997 1997. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft1x0nb0h4/


 

Index

A

Adams, Henry, 11 , 100 , 306 n10;

Democracy , 11 , 100 , 324 n50, 327 n19;

related to Hay, 11 , 100

Adorno, Theodor, 344 -45n17

affirmative action, 6 , 162 , 229 , 332 -33n32

Age of Contract, 1 , 19 , 35 , 92 , 96

agency, 18 ;

corporate, 23 , 235 , 255 -56, 262 , 271 , 275 , 280 , 304 n52, 324 n48;

liberal, 23 , 270 -71;

mechanical, 144 , 228 -29, 252 , 261 -62, 275 -77, 279 -81, 282 , 285 -86, 323 n35, 344 n14;

naturalist, 18 , 275 , 323 n33, 344 n13;

promising and, 18 , 23 , 287 ;

realists' notion of, x , 17 -18, 23 , 120 , 121 , 270 -88;

republican, 11 , 120 , 270 -71;

as translation, 121 , 276 -77, 279 -82, 285

Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, 9 -10, 169 ;

"Spring in New England," 169 ;

The Stillwater Tragedy , 320 -21n42;

The Story of a Bad Boy , 9 -10

Althusser, Louis, 130 , 321 n13

Andrews, Stephen, 75

Andrews, William L., 159 , 162

Arac, Jonathan, 344 n15

Arendt, Hannah, 18 , 23 , 271 -75, 279 -80, 284 -85, 287 , 288 , 291 , 294 -96, 346 -47n39;

"The Crisis in Education," 294

Aristotle, 26 , 28 , 37 , 130 , 139 , 215 , 312 n68, 312 n75;

The Poetics , 172

Armstrong, Nancy, 14

Atiyah, P. S., 35 , 270

Atkinson, Edward, 169

The Atlantic Monthly , 72 , 169

Auerbach, Erich, 9 , 11 , 116 , 301 n24, 302 n36

B

Bailey v. Alabama (1911), 176 , 177 , 328 -29n32

Balzac, Honoré de, 145 , 302 n36

Banta, Martha, 342 n46, 344 n14

Barthes, Roland, 14 , 138

Bartle v. Home Owners Cooperative (1955), 239

Bayard, Mabel, 56 -57

Bayard, Senator Thomas Francis, Sr., 56 -57

Beard, Charles A., 243 , 321 n12, 339 n9

Beard, Mary, 339 n9

Becker, George J., 11

Bell, Michael Davitt, 302 n36, 323 n26, 335 n58

Bellamy, Edward, 150 ;

Looking Backward , 341 n38

Benjamin, Walter, 12

Bercovitch, Sacvan, 307 n20, 318 n10

Bersani, Leo, 138

Beveridge, Albert J., 243

Birnbaum, Michele A., 346 n29

"Black Codes," 175 , 237

Blackstone, Sir William, 27 , 35 ;

Commentaries on the Laws of England , 33 , 63

Blair Bill, 334 n44


350

Blumenberg, Hans, 284 , 311 n62, 322 n15;

concepts of reality, 301 -2n29

Bonaparte, Napoleon, 103 , 233

Boone, Joseph Allen, 347 n41

boundary thought, 16 , 22 , 46 , 50 , 127 -30, 147 -48, 154 , 181 , 194 , 221 , 308 n34;

described, 37 -38, 128

Bradley, Justice Joseph P., 42 -43, 193

Bradwell, Myra, 42 , 310 n46

Bradwell v. State (1873), 42 , 43 , 44 , 50

Brandeis, Justice Louis, 48 , 56 -57, 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 64 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 83 , 85 , 86 , 102 , 243 , 263 -64, 265 , 292 , 310 n46, 313 -14n14

Braude, Ann, 93

Brewer, Justice David Josiah, 177

Briden, Earl F., 202

Brinton, Daniel G., 203 , 204

Brodhead, Richard H., 325 n4

Bromage v. Genning (1616), 310 -11n58

Brooks, Van Wyck, 14

Brown, Justice Henry Billings, 43 -44, 193 -94, 221 , 308 n34, 331 n15

Brown, Sterling, 198 , 326 n8

Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 229 -30

Bunyan, John: Pilgrim's Progress , 240

C

Cable, George Washington, 51 , 192 , 198 , 329 n34, 336 n63;

"The Freedman's Case in Equity," 19 , 51 , 161 , 170 , 181 , 212 ;

John March: Southerner , 215

Cady, Edwin H., 303 n44, 305 n8

Carey, Henry, 180

carpetbaggers, 219 , 223

Carter, Everett, 124 , 303 n44, 321 n6

Carton, Evan, 200 , 208 , 228

Cather, Willa, 346 n31

Cavell, Stanley, 30

Century Magazine , 19 , 51 , 98 , 170 , 198 , 212 , 215

Chametzky, Jules, 289 , 292

Chase, Richard, 11 , 12 , 275

Chesnutt, Charles W., 17 , 20 , 44 , 172 -73, 177 -79, 189 -90, 288 , 294 , 326 n8, 326 n11, 326 n12, 334 n41, 334 n48;

"The Averted Strike," 178 -79;

boundary thought and, 181 ;

The Colonel's Dream , 17 , 173 -74, 175 , 178 , 181 , 184 -88, 189 , 325 -26n4, 327 n22, 329 n44, 330 n48;

"The Courts and the Negro," 188 , 189 ;

didacticism of, 160 -61, 172 -73, 183 , 186 , 190 ;

"The Disenfranchisement of the Negro," 329 n45;

"The Dumb Witness," 184 , 329 n44;

economics of, 17 , 44 , 165 , 182 , 183 , 184 , 173 -81, 186 -88;

Harper, Frances E. W., and, 20 , 171 ;

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, and, 184 ;

The House Behind the Cedars , 17 , 20 , 158 -73, 183 , 187 , 198 , 325 -26n4, 330 n48;

inheritance and, 185 -86, 294 ;

journalism and, 189 ;

The Marrow of Tradition , 160 , 174 , 325 n4, 330 n48;

related to Hay, John, 182 -83;

related to Howells, 17 , 158 -62, 164 -69, 171 , 182 , 183 , 198 , 285 ;

related to James, 165 , 170 , 198 ;

related to Phelps, E. S., 173 ;

related to Tourgée, 186 -87, 198 , 210 , 215 , 334 n41;

"Rena Walden," 198 ;

republicanism of, 160 -62, 172 -73, 182 -83, 285 ;

Scott, Walter, and, 158 , 182 ;

sentiment and, 159 , 162 -63, 166 -68, 177 , 182 ;

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, and, 182 ;

"The Web of Circumstances," 171 ;

"What Is a White Man?," 330 n50;

"Women's Rights," 327 -28n22

Chinese, 219 , 293 -94;

anti-Chinese measures, 236 -39, 241 , 293 ;

Burlingame Treaty (1868), 137 ;

Harlan on, 334 n65;

Tourgée on, 219 , 336 n65;

Twain on, 336 n65;

United States v. Wong Kim Ark (1898), 293 -94, 334 n65;

Yick Wo v. Hopkins (1886)

Choate, Rufus, 189

Chopin, Kate, 288 , 294 ;

The Awakening , 10 , 18 , 288 -95, 299 n8, 324 n50, 346 n29;

Flaubert and, 290 -91;

illusion of autonomous freedom, 289 , 292 ;

inheritance and, 294 ;

possessive individualism and, 289 -90, 192 ;

privacy and, 292 ;

reader and, 289 , 292 ;

realism of, 10 , 288

Christian principles, 93 , 116 , 118 , 119 -20, 121 ;

leveling effect, 116 -17

civil society, 23 -24, 43

Clemens, John Marshall, 333 n39

Clemens, Samuel. See Twain, Mark


351

Cleveland, Grover, 192 , 320 -21n42, 332 n26

Coke, Sir Edward, 310 -11n58

Collins, Charles Wallace, 311 n60, 339 n10

color blindness, 194 , 207 , 332 n31, 332 -33n32

Complicity, 15 , 146 -47, 149 ;

realism and, 2 , 14 , 218

consideration, 1 , 33 ;

Holmes on,. 45 -46;

Mansfield on, 33 , 307 n22

Constitution: 1st Amendment, 48 ;

4th Amendment, 235 ;

5th Amendment, 235 ;

13th Amendment, 38 , 175 , 176 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 196 , 310 n41, 311 n60;

14th Amendment, 15 -16, 19 , 38 -42, 44 , 60 , 175 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 235 , 237 , 293 -94, 310 n41, 311 n60;

15th Amendment, 41 , 192 , 194 ;

17th Amendment, 267 ;

conspiracy theory of, 339 n9

contract, x , xi , 1 -24, 25 -52, 53 -87, 231 -69, 270 -97, 307 n21, 316 n40, 346 n35;

aleatory, 21 , 296 ;

defined, 1 ;

failed promise of, 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 -7, 10 , 15 -16, 19 , 22 , 23 , 38 -51, 162 , 179 , 242 , 268 , 297 ;

federal, 171 ;

freedom of, 32 , 39 , 40 , 44 , 47 , 63 , 93 , 96 , 175 -78, 237 ;

Holmes on, 44 -49, 331 n10, 337 n67;

ideological use of, 5 , 56 , 70 , 89 , 118 , 132 , 154 , 174 , 235 , 289 ;

limited liability vs. limited reliability, 296 ;

link to promising, 2 -5, 15 , 30 -35, 45 , 49 , 287 ;

Mansfield on, 33 ;

marriage, 6 , 16 , 27 , 50 , 63 -66, 68 , 71 , 73 , 84 , 86 -87, 88 , 132 , 134 -35, 164 , 174 , 315 n29, 315 n34, 315 n35;

with reader, x , xi -xii, 8 -9, 13 , 20 , 21 -22, 78 , 84 , 286 -87, 296 -97, 300 n21, 347 n41;

slavery and, 40 -41, 175 -78, 310 -11n58, 328 n27, 328 n30;

social, 1 -3, 15 , 29 -31, 33 -35, 88 , 92 , 233 -34, 238 , 306 n15, 308 n34;

status and, 2 , 3 -4, 7 , 19 , 29 , 31 , 37 -38, 49 -50, 63 , 128 , 165 , 240 , 255 .

See also Age of Contract; consideration; divorce; "promise of contract"

"Contract with America," 6 , 300 n16

Cooley, Justice Thomas M., 63 -64;

Treatise on the Constitutional Limitations Which Rest Upon the Legislative Power of the States of the American Union , 63 ;

A Treatise on the Law of Torts, or the Wrongs Which Arise Independently of Contract , 45

Cooper, James Fenimore, 97 ;

The Chain-bearer , 97

Cooper, Julia, 325 n3

corporate liberalism, 4 , 23 , 238 , 242 -43, 266 , 269 , 271 , 300 n12, 339 -40n15, 341 n39

corporations, 231 -69, 314 n26, 324 n48, 339 n9;

as fictional legal persons, 5 , 232 , 234 -39;

linked to feudalism, 241 -43, 255 , 264 , 342 n42;

partnerships vs., 89 -90, 150 , 232 ;

"piercing the corporate veil," 239 -41, 245 , 250 , 253 ;

rise of, 4 , 17 , 152 , 235 , 269 , 340 n21;

"rule of reason," 48 , 265 , 311 -12n67

critical legal studies: legal realism vs., 324 n43

Crocker, Charles, 239

Crooley, Horten, 339 n4

Cummings, Sherwood, 206 , 332 n28

D

Darstellung , 13 , 229 , 303 n43

Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819), 234

Darwin, Charles, 203 , 206

Delbanco, Andrew, 149

Depew, Chauncey Mitchell, 241

Dewey, John, 58 -59, 308 n34

Dimock, Wai-chee, 123 , 125 , 126 , 131 -32, 346 n29

divorce, 19 , 63 , 132 -36, 322 n21, 322 n22;

Howells on, 26 , 27 , 132 -36, 215 ;

Phelps on, 115. See also contract, marriage

Dixon, Thomas: The Clansman , 327 n19

Douglas, Justice William O., 56 , 62 -63

Dreiser, Theodore, 11 ;

Sister Carrie , 11 , 138 , 323 n35

Du Bois, W. E. B., 194 -95, 201 , 282 -83, 325 n3;

The Souls of Black Folk , 282

Durkheim, Émile, 29 , 32 -33, 38 , 306 -7n19, 307 n21

Dworkin, Andrea, 59

Dworkin, Ronald, 337 n72


352

E

Eaton, Winnfried (Ondo Watana): A Japanese Nightingale , 327 -28n22

economy of pain. See Howells, William Dean

Eliot, Charles W., 150

Eliot, T. S., 83

Ellison, Ralph, 346 -47n39

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 221 , 307 n20

equity, 15 , 24 , 26 -27, 29 , 33 , 34 , 35 -37, 47 -49, 51 , 71 , 161 -62, 164 , 176 , 187 , 188 -89, 192 , 212 -13, 239 , 249 , 285 n75, 305 n8, 307 n27, 312 n68, 334 n43;

defined, 26 -27, 37 , 213 , 303 n8, 312 n75

F

Federal Trade Commission, 265

Ferguson, John Howard, 191 -92. See Plessy v. Ferguson

Fetterly, Judith, 113 , 319 n33;

The Resisting Reader , 113

Field, Justice Stephen Johnson, 98 , 318 n15

Fish, Stanley, 337 n72

Fisher, Philip, 14 , 61 -62

Fiss, Owen, 2 , 299 n1, 308 n34, 337 n72

Flaubert, Gustave, 153 , 302 n36;

Madame Bovary , 104 , 153 , 290

Fluck, Winfried, 9 , 303 n43

Fogel, Robert William: Without Consent or Contract , 22

Foner, Eric, 39

Forbath, William, 4

Ford, Paul Leicester: The Honorable Peter Stirling and What People Thought of Him , 320 -21n42

formalism: legal, 15 -16, 40 , 44 -45, 257 ;

literary, x , 16 , 20 , 149

Foucault, Michel, 14 , 129 , 303 n47, 303 n49

Fox, Margaret, 94

Fried, Charles, 6 ;

Contract as Promise , 6

Friedman, Lawrence, 37 -38, 46 , 287

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, 41 , 310 n42

G

Garfield, James A., 100

Garland, Hamlin, 199

Gayle v. Browder (1956), 229

Ghent, W. J., 255

Gierke, Otto von, 232 -35, 241 , 338 -39n3

Gilder, Richard Watson, 219 , 336 n64

Giles v. Harris (1903), 188

Gilmore, Grant, 46 , 307 n22

Godkin, E. L., 57 , 60 -61, 62 , 63 , 76 , 219 , 314 n26, 316 n54;

Unforeseen Tendencies of Democracy , 51

Grady, Henry W., 19 , 169 -71, 181 , 190 , 192 -93, 212 ;

"In Plain Black and White," 190 ;

"The New South," 169 , 327 n17

Grantham, Dewey, 264

Green, Nicholas St. John, 147 , 148

Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), 62

Gross, Theodore L., 198

Grotius, Hugo, 26 , 36 , 305 n8

H

Habegger, Alfred, 75 , 82

Habermas, Jürgen, 226 , 326 n12, 344 -45n17

Hale v. Henkel (1905), 235

handshake, 30 , 32 -33, 54 -55, 68 -69, 70 , 71 -73, 79 , 105 -6, 110 -12, 169 , 206

Harlan, Justice John Marshall, 39 , 42 , 194 , 207 , 229 , 265 , 310 n41, 311 -12n67, 332 -33n32, 336 n65

Harper, Francis E. W., 157 , 171 ;

Iola Leroy , 20 , 157

Harper, Phillip Brian, 319 -20n33

Harris, Susan, 89 , 110 , 112

Hartman, Geoffrey, 316 n40

Hartz, Louis, 92 , 309 n39

Harvard Law Review , 56

Haskell, Thomas, 31 -32, 33 , 35 , 147 -48, 220 , 306 n18, 323 -24n41

Hawkes v. Saunders (1782), 307 n22

Hawthorne, Julian, 76 -77

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 69 , 70 , 75 , 76 -77;

The House of the Seven Gables , 184 ;

"Peter Goldwaithe's Treasure," 184 ;

The Scarlet Letter , 69

Hay, John: Adams, Henry, and, 11 , 100 ;

The Bread-Winners , 11 , 16 , 88 -89, 91 -110, 116 , 117 , 118 , 183 , 210 , 250 , 261 , 319 n29, 324 n50, 341 n35;

"The Foster Brothers," 182 -83, 210 , 329 n42;

privatization of virtue and, 99 , 250 ;

related to Chesnutt, 182 -83;

related to Howells, 16 , 35 , 98 , 105 , 109 , 120 -21;

related to James, 16 , 88 -89, 92 -94, 102 , 105 -6,


353

108 -110, 120 -21;

related to Lyncle, 261 ;

related to Phelps, 16 , 88 -89, 91 , 93 , 110 , 116 -19;

related to Phillips, 250 , 261 , 341 n35;

related to Tourgée, 210 ;

related to Twain, 227 ;

republicanism and liberalism of, 11 , 16 , 92 , 93 -104, 118 -20, 182 -83, 210 , 250

Hayes, Rutherford B., 330 -31n5

Hearst, William Randolph, 253

Hegel, G. W. F., 130 , 137 , 152

Heidegger, Martin, 130 -31

Hobbes, Thomas, 30 , 33 , 47 , 95

Hodges v. United States (1906), 177

Hoffman, Frederick, 203 -4

Hoffman, Justice, 237 -39

Hofstadter, Richard, 4 , 240 , 263 -64

Holland, Laurence B., 113 , 120

Holmes, Justice Oliver Wendell, Jr., 39 , 42 , 44 -49, 50 , 51 , 153 , 188 -89, 220 , 221 -22, 286 -87, 307 n22, 310 n50, 310 n51, 310 -11n58, 312 n68, 312 n75, 338 -39n3, 345 n26;

as antifoundationalist, 44 -49;

boundary thought and, 45 , 336 -37n67;

The Common Law , 51 , 306 n10;

formalization of contract, 45 -49, 51 , 286 -87, 328 -29n32;

literary realists vs., 45 , 220 , 287 ;

Lochner dissent, 39 , 42 , 44 -49, 221 , 311 n66, 311 n67;

pragmatism and, 44 , 220 , 221 , 336 -37n67;

promising and, 45 -49, 286 -87

Hopkins, Mark, 239

Horwitz, Howard, 309 n39, 324 n48

Horwitz, Morton J., 48 -49, 307 n27, 339 n9

Hovenkamp, Herbert, 40 , 93

Howard, June, 341 n29

Howells, William Dean, 4 , 9 , 23 , 25 -30, 35 , 49 , 51 , 98 , 122 -71, 182 , 183 , 199 , 215 , 218 , 299 n9, 301 n24, 302 n36, 304 n52, 306 n10, 319 n29, 334 -35n39, 335 n58, 343 n10;

boundary thought and, 16 , 127 -31, 136 , 147 , 154 ;

corporations and, 150 -52, 239 ;

economy of pain, 125 -26, 128 , 131 -33, 135 , 145 , 159 , 160 , 165 , 322 n25;

Harper, Frances E. W., and, 157 ;

A Hazard of New Fortunes , 35 , 121 , 126 -27, 160 , 168 -69, 170 -71, 275 -79, 285 , 321 n43, 323 n36, 326 -27n13;

An Imperative Duty , 17 , 156 -58, 159 , 161 , 166 , 168 , 170 -71, 198 , 199 , 326 n8;

journalism and, 25 , 28 -29;

"The Letters of Olney," 199 ;

The Minister's Charge , 145 -47, 151 ;

A Modern Instance , 25 -26, 27 -30, 33 , 35 , 49 , 124 , 133 , 161 , 215 , 260 , 277 , 304 n52, 305 n8;

privacy and, 283 ;

reader and, 125 , 132 , 142 , 144 , 152 -55, 156 , 158 , 277 ;

related to Chesnutt, 17 , 158 -62, 164 -69, 171 , 182 , 183 , 198 , 285 ;

related to Hay, 16 , 35 , 98 , 105 , 109 , 120 -21;

related to James, 10 , 12 , 16 , 35 , 51 , 94 , 120 -21, 133 , 135 , 170 , 215 , 239 , 283 -86, 334 -35n49;

related to Lynde, 18 , 260 ;

related to Phelps, 16 , 120 -21, 146 ;

related to Phillips, 18 ;

related to Tourgée, 198 -99, 208 , 215 -17, 218 , 278 ;

related to Twain, 10 , 12 , 35 , 94 , 199 , 208 , 215 , 239 , 278 , 283 -86, 334 -35n49;

republicanism and, 25 , 120 -21, 276 -77;

The Rise of Silas Lapham , 4 , 12 , 16 -17, 19 , 26 , 122 -155, 156 , 157 -58, 159 , 160 , 168 , 170 , 217 , 239 , 277 , 283 , 284 -85, 321 n6;

temporality and, 16 , 130 -31, 137 , 140 -42, 144 -45, 148 -49, 153 , 322 n15;

Their Wedding Journey , 218 , 335 n61;

translation and, 121 , 130 , 276 -79, 285 , 321 n43

Hughes, Justice Charles Evans, 177

Hume, David, 30 -32, 33 , 34 , 47 , 49 , 288

Huntington, Collis, 239

I

In re Tiburcio Parrott (1880), 236 -39, 339 n9

individualism, 32 , 58 -59, 93 -94, 119 , 150 , 220 , 233 , 236 , 241 , 306 -7n19, 307 n20;

economic, 88 , 92 , 93 ;

possessive, 39 , 85 , 94 , 289 -92, 304 n52, 346 n29

Innocent IV, Pope, 232 , 233 , 234

Insular Cases , 308 n34

Iser, Wolfgang, 303 n43

J

Jackson, Andrew, 103 , 318 n10

Jackson, Helen Hunt: A Century of Dishonor , 22 ;

Ramona , 217 , 330 n50, 335 n59


354

Jacobsohn, Gary J., 312 n68

James, Henry, xi , 9 , 13 , 14 , 16 , 50 -52, 53 -87, 88 , 120 , 170 , 273 , 280 , 286 , 301 n25, 304 n52, 312 n69, 312 n75, 315 n35, 316 n47, 316 -17n54, 334 -35n49, 344 -45n17, 345 n21;

The American , 5 -6, 35 , 300 n14;

The Aspern Papers , 16 , 53 -54, 72 -80, 81 , 88 , 284 ;

The Bostonians , 16 , 19 , 54 -55, 61 -62, 65 -72, 79 -87, 88 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 105 , 106 , 108 -10, 165 , 170 , 217 , 284 , 319 n29, 327 n18;

boundary thought and, 50 -51;

corporations and, 239 , 280 ;

curiosity and, 76 ;

Eliot, George, and, 51 ;

Eliot, T. S., and, 83 ;

The Golden Bowl , 280 -81, 344 n13, 344 n14;

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, and, 69 -70, 75 , 76 -77;

journalism and, 58 , 67 , 75 ;

The Princess Casamassima , 4 , 14 ;

privacy and, 16 , 52 , 53 -87, 102 , 283 , 284 ;

"The Private Life," 80 ;

reader and, 78 , 80 -81, 83 -84, 86 , 286 , 347 n41;

related to Chesnutt, 165 , 170 , 198 ;

related to Hay, 16 , 88 -89, 92 -94, 102 , 105 -6, 108 -110, 120 -21;

related to Howells, 10 , 12 , 16 , 35 , 51 , 94 , 120 -21, 133 , 135 , 170 , 215 , 239 , 283 -86, 334 -35n49;

related to Lyncle, 18 , 261 ;

related to Phelps, 16 , 88 -89, 93 , 110 -11, 120 -21;

related to Phillips, 18 ;

related to Tourgée, 198 , 215 -17;

related to Twain, 5 , 9 -10, 12 , 35 , 94 , 215 , 239 , 280 -81, 283 -86, 334 -35n49;

The Reverberator , 58 , 67 , 76 , 78 , 81 , 313 n13, 313 -14n14

James, William, 220 , 316 n47

Jameson, Fredric, 9 , 300 n21

Jewett, Sarah Orne: The Country of the Pointed Firs , 51

Jim Crow law, 44 , 48 , 60 , 190 , 192 , 194 , 195 , 222 , 224 , 238

Jonson, Ben: Volpone , 96

Joyce, James: Ulysses , 55

K

Kaplan, Amy, 17 , 301 n24

Kerr, Howard, 94

King, Martin Luther, Jr., 22

Koselleck, Reinhart, 144 , 322 n15

Ku Klux Klan, 51 , 191

Kull, Andrew, 332 -33n32

L

LaCapra, Dominick, 129

laissez-faire liberalism, 2 , 23 , 118 -19;

economy and, 39 -40, 41 , 42 , 127 -28, 132 , 150 , 154

Lang, Amy Schrager, 319 -20n33

Lears, T. Jackson, 342 n42

literary realism. See realism, literary (American)

literature of exposure, 240 -41, 253 , 258 , 265

Livingston, James, 18 , 304 n52

Lochner v. New, York (1905), 19 , 39 , 42 , 44 , 46 -47, 48 , 221 , 310 n46, 311 n59, 311 -12n67

Locke, John, 30 , 60 , 71 , 92 , 95 , 97 -98, 99 , 308 n34

Lowell, James Russell, 76

Lukàcs, George, 12 , 130 , 138 -391 216 , 302 n36

Lynde, Francis, 18 ;

The Grafters , 17 , 240 , 244 -46, 254 -64, 266 -69, 341 n39, 342 n41, 342 n42;

professionalism and, 243 , 258 -60, 263 -64, 266 -69;

related to Hay, 266 ;

related to Howells, 18 , 260 ;

related to James, 18 , 261 ;

related to Phillips, 17 , 18 , 140 -69;

vision of authorship, 268 -69

Lyotard, Jean-François, 13

M

Machiavelli, 272 -73, 284

Macpherson, C. B., 39 , 85 , 94 -95, 289 , 309 n39, 317 n60

Madison, James, 267 ;

The Federalist , 267

Mailloux, Steven, 211 -12

Maine, Sir Henry, 2 , 3 , 29 , 31 , 63 , 134 , 140 , 255 , 306 n10, 306 n15, 306 n18, 306 n20

Maitland, Frederick, 176 ;

Lectures on Equity , 176

Malthus, 289

Mansfield, Lord William Murray, 33 , 46 , 307 n22

marriage:

Chesnutt on, 17 , 158 -59, 163 -66, 172 , 174 , 183 , 185 -86, 188 ;

Hay on, 16 , 88 , 91 -92, 107 -8, 117 ;

Howells on, 17 , 27 , 132 -36, 140 -50, 156 -57, 166 , 168 -69, 171 ;

James on, 6 , 16 , 57 , 64 -68, 71 , 73 -74, 84 , 86 -87, 108 , 170 , 281 , 344 n14;

Lynde on, 260 -61;

Phelps on, 16 , 88 , 90 -91, 110 -12, 114 -15,


355

117 , 119 ;

Phillips on, 244 , 249 , 250 ;

Warren and Brandeis on, 62 , 64 .

See contract, marriage

Marshall, Justice John, 234

Marshall, Justice Thurgood, 206

Marx, Karl, 96 , 129 -30, 216

McKay, Janet Holmgren, 324 -25n52

McQuillan, Eugene, 98 -99

Mead, George Herbert, 344 -45n17

Melville, Herman, 12 , 193 ;

Billy Budd , 12 , 91 ;

The Confidence Man , 340 n20

Mendel, Gregor, 203

Merwin-Webster, Samuel: The Short Line War , 342 n41

Michaels, Walter Benn, 18 , 137 -40, 142 -43, 144 , 235 , 275 , 302 n38, 304 n52, 309 n39, 314 n20, 323 n35, 324 n44, 341 n38

Mill, John Stuart, 119 , 176

Mills, C. Wright, 241 , 262 , 263

Mitchell, Lee Clark, 200

Monteiro, George, 319 n29

motherhood, 43 , 346 n35;

Chopin on, 291 -95;

Hay on, 108 ;

Howells on, 122 -23;

Twain on, 209 -10

Mrs. David Colton v. Leland Stanford, et al . (1882), 239

muckraking. See literature of exposure

Mugwumps, 332 n26;

privacy and, 58 , 59 , 61 -62, 85 , 220 ;

progressivism and, 220 ;

republicanism and, 192 , 219 -20

Muller v. Oregon (1908), 310 n46

N

The Nation , 57 , 58

naturalism, 7 , 10 , 11 , 18 , 138 -39, 171 , 216 , 275 , 304 n52, 323 n35, 335 n53, 341 n29, 344 n13

neo-Lamarckianism, 203 -5, 332 n28

New York World , 76

Newman, Ralph A., 47

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 31 ;

The Genealogy of Morals , 31

Noble, David, 264

Nochlin, Linda, 8

Norris, Frank, 302 n36;

The Octopus , 235

novel of passing, 159 -60, 165 , 167 , 168 , 172 , 182 , 195 -96, 198 -99, 201 , 207 -8, 210 , 212 . See also Chesnutt, The House Behind the Cedars ; Harper, Iola Leroy ; Hay, "The Foster Brothers"; Howells, An Imperative Duty ; Tourgée, Pactolus Prime ; Twain, Pudd'nhead Wilson

novel of purpose, 215 , 217 , 278 , 343 n10

Nussbaum, Martha, 153

O

O'Connor, Justice Sandra Day, 23

Olin, Spencer, 342 n50

Olmstead v. United States (1928), 313 -14n14

Ortega y Gasset, José, 302 n36

P

Page, Thomas Nelson, 11 , 218 , 337 -38n74

Parker, Herschel, 207

Parrington, Vernon, 88 -89, 92 , 98

Pateman, Carole, 293 , 316 n70

paternalism, 9 -10, 27 , 47 , 78 , 149 , 176 , 177 , 189 , 257 , 268 , 305 n8, 311 n60, 328 n29, 329 n34

Pease, Donald, 126 , 150

Peirce, Charles Sanders, 220 -22, 223 , 226

peonage, 175 -76

Petrey, Sandy, 11

Peyser, Thomas Galt, 124 , 347 n41

Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart: class difference in, 91 , 112 -13, 116 -20, 319 -20n33;

The Gates Ajar , 114 , 117 , 143 ;

related to Chesnutt, 173 ;

related to Hay, 16 , 88 -89, 91 , 93 , 110 , 116 -19;

related to Howells, 116 , 120 -21, 146 ;

related to James, 16 , 88 -89, 93 , 110 -11, 120 -21;

related to Tourgée, 217 ;

related to Twain, 228 ;

The Silent Partner , 16 , 88 -91, 93 , 110 -20, 146 , 173 , 319 -20n33, 327 n22;

The Story of Avis , 299 n8;

translation and, 113 -19;

"Why Shall They Do It?," 114

Phillips, David Graham, 18 ;

The Cost , 17 , 240 , 242 , 243 -244, 245 -54, 257 -59, 264 , 266 -69, 341 n35, 342 n41;

privatization of virtue, 249 -50;

related to Hay, 150 , 261 , 341 n135;

related to Howells, 18 ;

related to James, 18 ;

related to Lynde, 17 , 18 , 240 -69;

related to Tourgée, 242 ;

The Treason of the Senate , 240 , 241 , 242 253, 267 ;

vision of authorship, 268 -69.

See also politics of character

Phillips, Wendell, 332 -33n32

Pizer, Donald, 125 , 126


356

Plato, 36 , 249 , 273 ;

The Republic , 249

Plessner, Helmuth, 282

Plessy, Homer, 7 , 17 , 43 , 60 , 190 , 191 -94, 235 , 238

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), 17 , 19 , 39 , 41 , 43 -44, 48 , 60 , 189 , 192 -96, 199 , 202 , 206 , 207 , 213 , 218 , 221 -22, 223 , 225 , 229 , 235 , 238 , 295 , 311 -12n67, 312 n68, 326 n10, 330 n48, 336 n65, 337 n72

Pocock, J. G. A., 39 -40, 92 , 96 , 100 , 273 , 309 n39

Polanyi, Karl, 4

politics of character, 17 , 243 , 245 -46, 251 -54;

defined, 243 , 246 ;

laissez-faire principles vs., 249 -50;

republican civic virtue vs., 249 -50

Pollock, Sir Frederick, 306 n15

Porte, Joel, 324 -25n52

Posner, Judge Richard, 59 , 305 n8, 314 n19

Posnock, Ross, 9 , 76 , 316 n47, 344 -45n-17, 347 n41

Post, Robert, 61

Poulet, Georges, 286 , 301 n25

Pound, Roscoe, 22 , 45 , 56 , 312 n68

pragmatism, 147 , 226 , 302 n38, 316 n47, 334 -35n17, 344 -45n17;

corporations and, 304 n52;

Holmes and, 336 -37n67;

professionalism and, 220 -22, 337 n72;

realism and, 303 n44

Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842), 310 n42

principles and conviction: Howells on, 160 , 278

principles and prejudice: Chesnutt on, 160 , 164 , 190

privacy: and art, 72 -87, 316 -17n54;

common law (tort), 56 , 58 , 59 -60, 235 , 313 n6;

constitutional, 56 ;

Dewey on, 58 -59.

See also right of privacy; right to privacy

professionalism, 218 -24, 228 -30, 243 , 266

progressivism, 17 , 19 , 264 , 340 n26;

corporations and, 241 , 242 -43, 263 -69;

Mugwumps and, 219 -20;

professionalism and, 220 -24;

race and, 328 n29;

republicans and, 220 -21, 242

"promise of contract," xi , 1 -7, 8 , 10 -11, 14 -15, 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 23 -24, 29 , 33 -34, 37 , 47 , 48 , 88 , 89 , 93 , 179 , 238 , 240 , 250 , 264 , 268 , 271 , 293 ;

defined, 2 -3, 30 -31;

equity and, 3 , 5 , 15 ;

evoked in literary realism, 5 -6, 15 , 21 -22, 38 , 45 , 88 , 242 , 275 , 297 , 334 -35n49;

ideological use of, 5 , 6

promising, 3 , 5 , 287 -88, 306 n10;

Arendt on, 18 , 274 -75, 287 -88, 294 , 296 ;

Cavell on, 30 ;

Holmes on, 45 -49, 286 -87;

Hume on, 30 -31, 34 , 47 , 49 , 288

Pufendorf, Samuel, 26 , 36

Putnam, Hilary, 13

Pynchon, Thomas: Gravity's Rainbow , 340 n20

R

Raffles v. Wichelhaus (1864), 46

realism, legal, 147 , 220 , 337 n73;

critical legal studies vs., 324 n43;

literary realism and, 38 , 45

realism, literary (American), ix -xii, 1 -2, 5 -8, 15 , 22 , 270 , 296 -97, 304 n52;

defined, 7 -10, 19 ;

horizontal ordering of, 8 -13, 15 ;

police academy approach to, 14 -15, 130 , 303 n47, 303 n49, 322 n14;

"promise of contract" and, 5 -6, 8 , 11 , 15 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 38 , 88 , 270 ;

reality concept and, 7 -8, 301 -2n29;

temporality of, 16 , 157 ;

theatricality and, 13 , 227 ;

Tourgeée on, 7 , 198 -99, 215 -118, 275 , 278 , 335 n58

realism, philosophical, 13

Reconstruction, 161 , 168 , 170 -71, 175 , 178 , 181 , 192 , 212 , 219 , 317 n61

Regents of The University of California v. Bakke (1978), 229 , 332 -33n32

republicanism: civic, 4 ;

fiction of republican virtue, 11 , 16 , 17 , 182 , 210 , 214 , 217 , 250 , 285 ;

liberalism vs., 39 -40, 92 -93, 95 -96, 100 , 249 , 250 , 270 -71, 308 -9n39, 318 n10;

Mugwumps and, 192 , 219 -20;

progressivism and, 220 -21, 242

right of privacy, 55 , 61 , 62

right to privacy, 9 , 16 , 59 -61, 77 , 80 , 86 , 102 , 292 , 314 n19;

domestic circle and, 62 -64, 73 -74;

Mugwump origins, 56 -63, 85 , 220

Robbins, Bruce, 303 n41


357

Roberts v. City of Boston (1849), 193 , 214 , 331 n7

Roe, E. P., 217 , 228 ;

Barriers Burned Away , 143 , 217 , 323 n34

Roe v. Wade (1973), 56

Rogat, Yosal, 286

Rogin, Michael, 12

romance, 11 -12, 123 , 183 , 185 , 245 , 302 n36

Roosevelt, Theodore, 93 , 240 , 265

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 30 , 102 -3, 104 , 273 , 287 , 319 n27

Rowe, John Carlos, 225

Royce, Josiah, 235

Ruffin, Judge Thomas, 161

Russell, C. W., 175 ;

Report on Peonage , 175 -176

Russell, Charles Edward, 261

S

Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company (1886), 235 , 339 n9

Saturday Evening Gazette , 57

Scharnhorst, Gary, 76

Schmidt, Benno C., Jr., 328 -29n32

Schnog, Nancy, 117

Scott, Walter, 158 , 182 , 217

Scribner's Magazine , 57 , 58

segregation, 39 , 44 , 193 , 195 , 196 , 200 , 208 , 229

Seltzer, Mark, 14 , 275 , 300 n14

Sen, Amartya, 153

sentimental fiction, 10 -11, 12 , 50 , 125 , 138 , 139 , 142 -44, 146 , 159 , 182 , 208 , 214 , 216 -18, 242 , 244 , 248 , 254 , 290 , 302 n30, 323 n34, 323 n35, 335 n58, 336 n63

Shakespeare, William, 249 , 260 ;

The Merchant of Venice , 260 , 305 n8;

Othello , 60 ;

The Tempest , 202

Shaw, Judge Lemuel, 193 , 214

Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, 265

Shi, David, 8

Sklar, Martin J., 238 , 265 , 266 , 267 , 300 n12, 339 -40n15, 342 n50

Slaughterhouse Cases (1873), 318 n15

Smith, Adam, 36 -37, 93 , 98 , 318 n15;

Theory of Moral Sentiments , 32 , 208 ;

Wealth of Nations , 32 , 36

Soifer, Aviam, 311 n60, 333 n37

Spencer, Herbert, 32

spiritualism, 93 -94, 103 -6, 108 -9, 116 -17, 228 , 315 n34, 315 n39;

Hay on, 93 -94, 103 -5, 108 -9, 116 , 117 ;

James on, 82 , 93 -94, 108 ;

Phelps on, 114 , 117 -18;

Twain on, 228 , 338 n78

Stanford, Leland, 239

Stange, Margit, 289 , 290

Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 289

State v. Mann (1829), 161

Story, Justice Joseph, 26 , 35 , 63 , 310 n42

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 76 , 161 , 182 , 208 , 210 , 211 ;

Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp , 161 ;

A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin , 161 ;

Uncle Tom's Cabin , 315 n32, 335 n59

strike (labor), 4 , 16 , 19 , 38 -42, 91 , 107 -8, 112 -14, 117 , 119 -21, 146 , 151 , 174 -79, 181 , 210 , 138 -39, 255 -56, 320 -21n42

Sumner, Charles, 41

Sumner, William Graham, 2 -4, 19 , 99 , 136

Sundquist, Eric, 325 -26n4, 329 n44, 338 n75

Susman, Warren, 243

T

Taft, William, 265

Tanner, Tony, 9 , 315 n29

Tanselle, G. Thomas, 123 , 131

Taylor, Frederick Winslow, 264

Tennenhouse, Leonard, 14

Thomas, Brook: Cross-Examinations of Law and Literature , ix , 309 n39

Tiedeman, Christopher, 236 , 237 ;

A Treatise on the Limitations of Police Powers in the United States , 19 , 236

Tilton, Theodore, 332 -33n32

Tocqueville, Alexis de, 101

Tönnies, Ferdinand, 29

Tourgée Albion W., 7 , 17 , 41 , 60 , 175 , 186 -87, 189 , 191 -230, 242 , 275 , 278 , 289 -90, 303 n45, 315 n36, 332 -33n32, 334 -35n49, 342 -43n51;

An Appeal to Caesar , 205 , 332 n26;

Bricks Without Straw , 207 ;

consumer capitalism and, 289 -90;

corporations and, 242 ;

defense of Chinese, 219 , 336 n65;

A Fool's Errand By One of the Fools , 191 , 223 , 324 n50;


358

Tourgée, Albion W. (continued )

inheritance and, 204 ;

Jackson, Helen Hunt, and, 217 , 335 n59;

journalism and, 214 , 225 -26;

Murvale Eastman: Christian Socialist , 204 , 210 , 216 , 320 n42, 335 n58;

Pactolus Prime , 17 , 190 , 196 -202, 204 -5, 207 -8, 210 -16, 218 , 222 -26, 333 n33;

Page, Thomas Nelson, and, 218 ;

Plessy's attorney, 7 , 17 , 60 , 191 -96, 201 -2, 207 , 218 ;

professionalism and, 219 -23;

related to Chesnutt, 186 -87, 198 , 210 , 215 , 334 n41;

related to Hay, 210 ;

related to Howells, 198 -99, 208 , 215 -17, 218 , 278 ;

related to James, 198 , 215 -117;

related to Phelps, 217 ;

related to Phillips, 242 ;

related to Twain, 17 , 189 -90, 196 -230, 336 n65;

republicanism of, 210 , 214 , 217 -22, 225 -26, 241 , 189 ;

Roe, E. P., and, 217 ;

A Royal Gentleman and Zouri's Christmas , 201 ;

Scott, Walter, and, 271 ;

"The South as a Field for Fiction," 198 -99, 211 ;

spirituality and, 216 ;

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, and, 210 -11, 335 n59;

With Gauge & Swallow, Attorneys , 315 n36, 334 n43

Trachtenberg, Alan, 4 , 302 n36

Turner, Frederick Jackson, 152 , 327 n20

Twain, Mark, 5 , 9 -10, 12 , 14 , 191 -230, 232 , 239 , 241 , 278 , 280 , 281 , 283 , 285 -86, 302 n36, 304 n52, 334 -35n49;

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn , 5 , 9 -10, 12 , 19 , 45 , 208 -9, 211 -12, 281 , 344 n15;

A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court , 202 -3, 205 -6, 221 , 225 , 281 ;

corporations and, 231 -32, 239 , 241 , 340 n19;

inheritance and, 200 ;

Page, Thomas Nelson, and, 337 -38n74;

professionalism and, 219 -22;

Pudd'nhead Wilson , 17 , 35 , 190 , 196 -97, 199 -213, 222 -30, 231 , 285 -86, 333 n33, 337 n72, 337 -38n74;

racial Politics of, 199 -230;

reader and, 199 , 208 , 209 , 222 , 229 -30, 286 ;

related to Chesnutt, 17 ;

related to Hay, 227 ;

related to Howells, 10 , 12 , 35 , 94 , 199 , 208 , 215 , 239 , 278 , 283 -86, 334 -35n49;

related to James, 5 , 9 -10, 12 , 35 , 94 , 215 , 239 , 280 -81, 283 -86, 334 -35n49;

related to Lyncle, 18 ;

related to Phelps, 228 ;

related to Phillips, 18 ;

related to Tourgée, 17 , 189 -90, 196 -230, 217 , 336 n65;

Scott, Walter, and, 217 ;

"1601," 227 , 229 ;

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, and, 208 -11, 333 n36;

the-atricality of, 226 -27;

Those Extraordinary Twins , 196 , 227 , 231 -32, 239 ;

"A True Story, Repeated Word for Word as I Heard It," 227

U

uneven development, 128 , 321 n10

United States v. Reynolds (1914), 176 , 310 -11n58, 328 -29n32

United States v. Wong Kim Ark (1898), 336 n65

V

Vanderbilt, Kermit, 241 , 325 n54

Vandersee, Charles, 318 n14

W

Wall Street, 240 ;

Phillips on, 243 , 251 -52, 253 ;

Tourgée on, 186 -87

Walzer, Michael, 23 -24

Warner, Susan, 117 ;

The Wide Wide World , 117

Warren, Justice Earl, 56 , 229

Warren, Kenneth, 215 , 327 n18, 334 -35n49

Warren, Samuel, 56 -58, 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 64 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 83 , 85 , 86 , 102 , 243 , 29

Washington, Booker T., 193 , 329 n45, 330 -31n5

Wharton, Edith, 9 , 20

Wharton, Francis, 42 ;

Commentaries on Law , 42

White, James Boyd, 326 n5

White, Morton, 45 , 148 , 310 n50, 336 -37n67

Whitman, Walt, 304 n52

Wiebe, Robert, 263 -64

Williams, Raymond, 182

Wilson, Christopher, 268

Wilson, Woodrow, 265 -67, 308 n34, 342 -43n51

Wister, Owen: The Virginian , 327 n19

Wolff, Cynthia Griffin, 289


359

Wood, Gordon, 92 , 99 -100

Woodhull, Victoria, 65 , 71 , 75 , 94 , 134 -35

Y

Yick Wo v. Hopkins (1886), 331 n8

Z

Zunz, Olivier, 263 -64, 341 n39


 

Preferred Citation: Thomas, Brook. American Literary Realism and the Failed Promise of Contract. Berkeley, Calif:  University of California Press,  c1997 1997. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft1x0nb0h4/