P
Paine, Richard S., 18 , 74 -75, 88 ;
acquires vitascope in New York, 75 ;
exhibits vitascope in Los Angeles, 81 -85;
exhibits vitascope in San Francisco, 77 -81
Paintings and illustrations: as film subjects, 55 , 182 , 220
Paley, William C.: as cameraman for Eden Musee, 120 -21, 510 nn.89, 90 ;
as Edison licensee, 125 -26, 143 ;
and filming of Spanish-American War, 127 -28, 131 -33;
and film production (1899-1902), 141 , 143 , 194 -95, 310 ;
and kalatechnoscope exhibition service, 142 , 173 ;
sued by Edison, 333
Palmer-McGovern Fight, 139 -40
Pan-American Exposition, 175 -76, 184 -87
Panoramas (camera movement), 249 -50;
absence of camera movement noted, 105 ;
panning on tripod, 107 , 153 -54, 184 , 186 , 187 -89, 193 , 211 , 226 , 241 , 249 -50, 251 , 287 , 323 ;
in pre-cinema, 186 ;
on vehicles moving through space, 66 -67, 99 , 128 , 148 -49, 153 , 175 , 241 , 261 -65, 321 , 321 , 463
Pantomimes, 200 -201
Paper prints, 103 -4, 208 , 254 , 286
Papinta, 80
Paradise Lost (lantern show), 23
Parallel editing, 225 -26, 227 , 303 , 404 -5, 416 , 424 , 450 , 462 . See also Editing
Paris Exposition (1900), 145 , 152 -53, 175 , 220 , 513 n.164
Parker, Walter, 209
A Parlor Match (play), 113
Parsifal (opera, play), 287 -89
The Passing Show (revue), 50
Passion Play (Oberammergau), 121 -25, 138
Passion Play (Salmi Morse), 121
Passion play films, 121 -26, 132 , 136
Pastor's Theater (New York City), 50 , 91 , 118 , 141 , 150 , 362 , 374 , 381
Pateck, Alfred, 368 -69
Patents, 439 -42, 471 , 498 n.3. See also Association of Edison Licensees; Edison, Thomas Alva; Motion Picture Patents Company
—owned by Armat, 71 , 92 , 178 , 522 n.8;
litigation involving, 236 -37
—owned by Biograph, 178 , 379 ;
and Biograph Association of Licensees, 379 -82, 434 ;
litigation involving, 380 ;
and rivalry with Edison, 333 -34, 377 -79
—owned by Edison, 31 , 115 , 196 , 333 ;
licensees under, 116 , 125 -26, 134 , 143 , 154 -55, 161 , 376 -77, 445 ;
litigation involving, 12 , 114 , 115 -16, 125 , 134 , 144 , 154 , 156 , 178 , 278 , 289 , 333 -34, 335 , 375 -76, 379 -80
—and Motion Picture Patents Co., 438 , 441 ;
infringement litigation by, 442 , 459 , 471
—patent combination proposed by Armat, 178 -79, 237
Pathé Frères (Companie générale des phonographes, cinématographes, et appareils de précision):
—American distribution, 277 -78, 335 -36, 377 , 378 , 416 -17, 437
—film production, 12 , 335 , 344 , 404 -5, 518 n.85;
image tinting, 401 ;
subjects remade by Edison Co., 193 , 341 -42, 424
—films duped by Edison Co., 238 , 277 -78
—Kleine as western agent for, 279
—as licensee of Association of Edison Licensees, 376 , 382 , 434
—as licensee of Motion Picture Patents Co., 439
—Pathé News, 91
—sued by Edison, 333
Patriotism, 62 , 114 , 126 -27, 128 , 132 , 140 -41, 223 , 430 -31
Paul, Robert W., 53 , 63 , 253 , 518 -19n.108
Peck's Bad Boy and His Pa (lantern show with films), 344
Peiss, Kathy, 494 n.34
Pelzer, John, 384 -85, 453 -54
Pennebaker, D. A., 476
Phillips, Augustus, 392
Phonograph, 71 , 75 , 117 , 145 , 235 ;
as adjunct to films, 151 -52;
Phonograph parlors, 78 , 85 -86
Phonoscope , 122
Photography, 144
Picabia, Francis, 476
Pickford, Mary, 466 -67, 468 , 468 -70, 549 n.45
Picture songs, 150
Pinkerton, William A., 286 -87
Pioneer Days (play), 336
Plays: adapted from motion picture subject, 220 -21;
film adaptions of, 113 , 121 -24, 253 , 256 -57, 292 -96, 303 , 305 -7, 336 -40, 363 -67, 400 , 422 , 423 , 424 -26, 431 -32, 464 -69, 535 n.76;
filmed theater, 22 , 50 -52, 65 , 101 , 121 -23, 138 , 242 -45, 287 -89, 393 -94, 395 , 396 -97, 400 , 464 -69;
films providing backdrops for sets, 77 , 190 -91
Plebeian culture, 221 -23, 521 n.14
Plimpton, Horace G., 13 , 453 -56, 458 , 463 , 472
Plintom, A. D., 381
Point-of-view structures, 174 , 246 , 261 , 273 , 345 -46, 419 , 524 n.48
Political cartoons, 10 , 163 -66, 181 -83, 301 , 301
Popular culture:
—and copyright restrictions, 420 -21
—as source for film subjects: baseball, 345 -47;
boxing, 47 -49;
comic photographs and post cards, 318 , 318 -19, 351 -53, 353 , 412 , 413 ;
comic strips, 62 , 165 -67, 245 , 267 -72, 281 , 341 -42, 343 , 353 -54, 354 , 526 n.84;
Coney Island, 67 -68, 93 -94, 94 , 148 -49, 192 , 220 , 245 , 249 -51, 275 , 276 , 321 , 323 , 324 , 391 , 419 ;
dime novels, 426 ;
ditties and sayings, 171 , 263 , 346 -47, 353 , 422 ;
fairy tales, 349 -51;
lantern shows, 186 , 218 -19, 226 ;
magazine tie-ins, 464 ;
minstrel shows, 275 , 319 , 321 -22, 378 , 396 , 396 -97;
newspaper stories, 150 , 163 , 187 , 257 -59, 308 , 345 , 349 -51, 415 ;
novels, 52 ;
nursery rhymes, 340 , 420 -21;
paintings and illustrations, 55 , 182 , 220 ;
plays, operas, and musical comedy adaptations, 50 -51, 51 , 52 , 65 , 101 , 113 , 121 -24, 138 , 242 -44, 253 , 256 -57, 287 -89, 292 -96, 303 , 305 -7, 336 -40, 363 -67, 415 , 424 -26, 431 -32, 464 -69, 535 n.76;
poems, 420 -22;
political cartoons, 10 , 62 , 163 -66, 181 -83, 191 , 301 , 301 ;
short stories, 312 ;
songs, 319 -20, 333 , 347 -49, 397 -98, 411 -12;
sporting events, 67 , 104 -5, 113 , 241 ;
vaudeville performers, 39 -41, 41, 42 , 43 , 50 , 55 , 64 , 65 , 69 , 102 , 169 , 173 , 179 , 180 , 190 -91, 245 , 249 -50, 321 -22;
vaudeville sketches, 50 , 422 , 423;
waxworks, 410 -11;
wild west shows and rodeos, 50 , 51 , 174 , 256 , 275 -76, 289 , 323 , 360 -63
Porter, Byron, 22 , 496 -97n.38
Porter, Charles W. (brother), 16 , 17
Porter, Edwin Stanton (Edward):
—and American Cinematograph Company: see and Eden Musee, below
—and American Sportagraph Company, 139 -40
—as builder of motion picture equipment, 7 , 119 , 121 , 139 , 141 , 157 -58, 160 , 457 , 474 -75;
and Simplex projector, 474 -75
—collaborative approach to work, 7 , 25 (see also Collaborative system of film production);
with Anderson, 253 , 525 n.59;
with Dawley, 383 -85, 390 -93, 402 , 417 , 450 , 461 , 466 -69;
with McCutcheon, 291 , 302 , 325 , 336 -40, 349 , 360 , 364 -65, 390 ;
with Smith, 240 -41;
and subsequent career, 461 -63, 465
—in Connellsville as youth and young adult: bankruptcy of tailoring business, 27 , 80 ;
early cultural experiences, 15 , 21 -24;
ill-health, 18 ;
invents electric regulator device, 25 ;
jobs, 22 -27;
learns photography, 22 , 497 n.41
—in Connellsville on visits, 81 , 241 , 320 -21
—on continuity between shots, 211
—and Defender Film Company, 459 -60
—and Eden Musee, 103 ;
exhibitions, 121 -23, 124 -25, 132 -33, 134 -37,
Porter, Edwin Stanton (continued ) 172 ;
joins as projectionist, 121 ;
works on new cinematograph projector, 119 , 121 , 157
—at Edison Manufacturing Company, 156 ;
demoted to advisory role, 453 -54;
film production (1901-1902), 160 -95, 197 -211, 212 -30;
film production (1903-1905), 241 -76, 280 -90, 292 -324;
film production (1905-1909), 336 -67, 383 -432, 446 -58;
fired, 458 ;
hired, 157 ;
as projectionist at charity events, 284 ;
serves only as studio head, 449 -53
—as electrician, 25 -26, 81 , 83 , 160 , 191
—emulates Edison, 24 , 102 , 157 , 160
—at Famous Players Film Company, 464 -71, 474 , 475
—versus Griffith, 225 -26, 303 , 307 , 317 , 339 , 359 , 403 , 405 -6, 418 , 419 , 424 , 426 , 462 , 477
—and historiography, 141
—as independent exhibitor, 102 , 119 -20
—personal archive destroyed, 275
—at Precision Machine Co., 474 -75
—on pressures of release system, 450
—resistance to changing system of representation, 393 -95, 402 -7, 410 , 416 , 418 -19, 433 , 446 -53, 475
—resistance to division of labor, 6 -7, 11 , 24 , 27 , 355 , 390 -93, 406 -7
—at Rex Motion Picture Manufacturing Company, 460 -63, 465 , 466 , 469
—salary, 161 , 192 , 265 , 291 -92
—at Sunlight Arc Company, 475
—and U.S. Navy, 27 -28, 60 , 74 , 81 , 102
—and vitascope, 73 ;
alerts Connellsville;
group to opportunity, 74 ;
installs electrical system for premiere, 60 ;
as projectionist with Connellsville group in Indiana, 88 -91;
as projectionist with Connellsville group in Los Angeles, 81 -86;
works for Raft & Gammon, 102
—with Wormwood Dog and Monkey Circus, 119 -20
Porter, Everette Melbourne (brother), 17 , 265
Porter, Mary Clark (mother), 16 , 495 n.3
Porter, Thomas, (father), 16 ;
undertaking business of, 16 -17
Powell, Professor (lecturer), 124
Powell, William, 476
Powers, James T., 323
Powers, T. E., 353
Pratt, George C., 221
Precision Machine Company, 475
Prescott, Frederick M., 155
Presentationalism, 8 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 226 , 245 ;
assault on spectator, 63 , 79 , 94 , 95 , 95 -96, 97 , 264 ;
display, 41, 42 , 94 , 94 , 106 , 107 , 245 , 246 -49, 268 ;
frontal composition, 31 , 101 , 150 , 242 , 247-48 , 288 ;
performers and objects isolated against plain background, 31 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 40, 41 , 42 , 65 , 84 , 102 , 114 , 246 -47, 250 , 264 , 524 n.48
Pressberger, Eneric, 476
Prices: for film prints, 143 , 191 -92, 197 , 208 , 245 , 288 -89, 330 , 439 -40, 456 , 472 ;
for film rentals, 280 ;
for kinetoscopes, 45 , 48 , 55 ;
for projectors, 93 , 442 , 545 n.33
Proctor, Frederick F., 23 ;
hires Paley's kalatechnoscope service, 142
Proctor's Pleasure Palace (New York):
—and exhibition services: biograph, 126 , 127 ;
kintographe announced, 76 ;
Paley's kalatechnoscope, 142 , 173 ;
vitagraph, 138 ;
vitascope, 91
—provides offices for Paley's filmmaking;
activities, 142
Proctor's 23rd Street Theater (New York): and cinematograph (American Cinematograph Co.), 129 -31, 133 ;
and cinématographe, 98 ;
live performances at, 220 -21;
and Paley's kalatechnoscope, 142 , 173 ;
and vitagraph, 133 -34;
vitascope exhibition at, 91
Production practices, of cinema, 5 -8. See also Cinema;
Film production
Progressive ideology, 292 , 295 -96, 300 -302, 303 , 309
Projecting kinetoscope, 92 -93, 158
Projection technology: amateur formats (Home P. K.), 473 -74;
combination slide-film projector, 158 ;
Edison's efforts at invention of, 53 , 58 ;
endless film-band system, 63 -64;
illumination, 158 ;
intermittent mechanism introduced, 57 , 522 n.8;
reduced flicker and shaking, 118 -19, 121 , 158 ;
Simplex projector, 474 -75;
synchronous recorded sound (kinetophone, 1913), 474 ;
take-up reel, 158
Projectograph projector, 102 , 505 n.147, 506 n.174
Projectors: animatographe, 107 ;
biograph, 91 -92, 141 -43 (see also American Mutoscope & Biograph Company);
cinematograph (Eden Musee), 118 -19, 121 , 442 ;
cinéma-tographe (Joly), 118 ;
cinématographe (Lumière), 58 , 59 , 60 , 68 -69, 87 -88, 91 , 98 , 117 -18, 507 n.25 (see also Lumière, Auguste and Louis);
edengraph, 442 ;
eidoloscope (Lathams), 53 , 57 ;
Home P. K., 473 -74;
kalatechnoscope, 142 , 173 (see also Paley, . William C.);
kinetophone (1913), 474 ;
kinodrome, 239 ;
projecting kinetoscope, 151 , 158 , 159 , 237 , 255 , 327 , 329 , 457 ;
projectoscope, 92 -93, 96 -98, 505 n.147, 506 n.174;
Simplex projector, 474 -75;
viascope, 442 ;
vitagraph, 134 , 158 (see also American Vitagraph Company);
vitascope, 57 -92 (see also Vitascope Company)
Propaganda, 127 , 129 -31, 132 -36, 308 , 368 -70. See also Ideology
Proto-Hollywood system of representation, 7 , 372 , 407 , 477
Pudovkin, Vsevolod, 402