C

Cafés, 9 , 42 , 189 ;

immigrants at, 129 ;

prostitution in, 87 , 218 -19;

during "women's war" of 1918, 121

Calvet i Pasqual, Augustí (Gaziel), 30

Cambó, Francesc, 138 -39, 160 , 231

Campana de Gracia (republican weekly), 214

Canadian strike (1919), 148 -52, 158 , 229

Canals, Ricard, 41 , 74

Cánovas del Castillo, Antonio, 6

Capdevila, Lluís, 218

Carnestoltes, death of, 221

Carnivals:

of 1917, 11 ;

as ritual, 101 , 220 -21

Carrière, Eugène, 39

Casals, Pablo, 8 , 182 , 194 -95

Casañas, Cardinal, 68

Casanova, Rafael, 169 , 191 , 196

Casas, Ramón, 9 , 41 , 165 ;

caricatures of Romeu, 51 ;

death of, 169 ;

depiction of puppet shows, 46 ;

depictions of social struggle, 77 , 78 ;

friendship with Picasso, 172 ;

friendship with Santiago Russinyol, 39 -40

Casas Viejas, massacre at, 167 -68

La Cascarria (puppet character), 49

Castellflorite, marquise of, 95

Castellví, Luis de, 30

Catalá, Jaume (bishop of Barcelona), 18 , 19

Catalan Friends of the New Arts (Amics de l'Art Nou, ADLAN), 172

Catalan language, 9 , 15 ;

suppression of, 160 , 190 ;

use of in religious services, 18 , 19 , 161 , 192

Catalan League (Lliga de Catalunya), 82

Catalan nationalism. See Nationalism, Catalan

Catalan State (Estat Català, political organization), 158 , 159 , 162 -63

Catalunya (region), 2 ;

cultural heritage of, 16 , 17 , 37 ;

during Franco regime, 190 ;

history of, 5 -7, 15 ;

Picasso's visits to, 128 ;

during Second Republic, 166 ;

in War of Spanish Succession, 22

Catholic Church, 14 ;

"feminists" in, 223 ;

legitimization by Franco of, 191 -92;

views of religious imagery, 68 -69, 78

Catholic Workers' Circle (Barcelona), 19

The Celestina (Picasso), 88

Celestina (witch), 49 ;

as madam, 88 , 89 ;

Picasso's use of, 176

Cenetistas (members of CNT), 132 , 138 ;

during Spanish Civil War, 181 ;

in general strike of 1919, 151

Ceramics, Catalan, 46

The Charge (Casas), 77 , 78

Chat noir (journal), 43

Chat Noir (Parisian café), 42

Children:

abandoned, 222 ;

as laborers, 149 , 222 ;

molestation of, 108 -9;

prostitution of, 86 ;

in textile industry, 112

Chinatown (Barrio Chino), 148 , 218

Chipp, Herschel B., 177 , 232 , 235

Christofi Pulcinella (puppet character), 48

Church of Saint Just and Pastor, bombings at, 31

Church of Saint Mary of the Pine Tree, 99

Church of the Holy Family (Sagrada Familia), 5

Circle of Saint Martin, 74 , 78

Cirici Pellicer, Alejandro, 195

Civic culture, 1 , 6 -12, 37 -39, 118 , 145 -46, 162 -64, 189 -91, 196 -97

Civil Guard (Guardia Civil), 7 ;

and 1920 bombings, 155 ;

in general strike of 1902, 63 , 65 ;

in "women's war" of 1918, 121 ;

during Tragic Week, 96 , 97

Civil War, Spanish (1936-1939), 8 , 10 ;

Barcelona in, 11 , 177 -82;

outbreak of, 172 -73

Claramunt, Teresa, 8 , 75 , 215 , 217 ;

arrest of, 29 , 73 ;

during 1905 bombing, 85 ;

in general strike of 1902, 62 -64, 67

Clemente García, Ramón, 101

Climent, José, 138

Clot-Saint Martin:

during Constancy textile strike, 113 , 117 ;

during Tragic Week, 96

CNT. See National Confederation of Labor

Cocottes in the Bar (Picasso), 87

Cocteau, Jean, 134

Columbia Exposition (Chicago, 1893), 44

Columbus, Christopher:

celebration of, 15

Columbus Pass:

during Constancy textile strike, 114 , 116 -17;

Picasso's depiction of, 143 ;

during Tragic Week, 97

Columbus Pass (Picasso), 143

Comas Pagés, Francisco, 155 ;

funeral of, 156

Comillas, marquis of, 93 -95, 101 , 148

Committee for the Defense of Expatriated Spanish Citizens, 102

Committee for the Protection of Children and the Suppression of Begging, 222

Communist Party, Catalan (PSUC), during Spanish Civil War, 180

Companys, Lluís, 154 , 155 , 166 , 233 ;

during 1934 general strike, 171

Constancy textile strike (1913), 111 -18, 223

Constancy Union, 112 -13, 116 , 130

Construction, Woodworking, and Metallurgical Workers' Union, 145

Convent of Santa Magdalena, 98

Coronation of the Virgin of Mercy (1888), 14 -20

Corpses, exhumation of, 100 , 148

Corpus Christi Day:

bombing (1896), 14 , 31 -35, 62 , 83 , 152 ;

celebrations, 20 , 194 , 196 , 209 -10

Cortada, Roldán, 178

Cortes (parliament of Spain), 6 ;

during Bankers' War, 95 ;

Catalan nationalists in, 82 , 138 , 227 ;

during First World War, 136 ;

revolt in (1917), 138 , 227

Corts (medieval Catalan parliament), 6 , 22

Council of One Hundred, 17

Cuixart, Manel, 182

Cultural and Artistic Union, 137