1. Hutchins, "The Administrator" (University of Chicago lecture, April 23, 1946), revised for Freedom, Education, and the Fund , pp. 167-185. [BACK]

2. Hutchins, letter to Laird Bell, December 1, 1944. [BACK]

3. Writing in the University of Chicago Magazine , (Winter 1985), pp. 37-38, Donald N. Levine, dean of the College, said: "No sooner did Hutchins leave the University than the key elements of the colleges that had taken shape under his leadership began to wither away. Without the protection he afforded them, one by one, most of the great staff-taught general education courses that developed during his tenure were dissolved. The independent Board of Examiners was disbanded. The comprehensive examinations as a substitute for course credits disappeared. The custom of carefully constructed course syllabi vanished. The notion of sequential work in the disciplines faded away. And the lynch-pin . . . which Hutchins cherished so much—the awarding of the B.A. after a program of general education co-extensive with the old junior college—was pulled out." [BACK]

4. Quincy Wright, "What Is a University?" Bulletin of the Association of University Professors 30, no. 2 (Summer 1944), p. 175. [BACK]

6. John Dewey, "Challenge to Liberal Thought," Fortune , August 1944, pp. 154-57. [BACK]

7. Hutchins, interview with McDonald, transcript pp. 130-31.

8. Ibid., pp. 131-32.

9. Ibid., pp. 17-18. [BACK]

7. Hutchins, interview with McDonald, transcript pp. 130-31.

8. Ibid., pp. 131-32.

9. Ibid., pp. 17-18. [BACK]

7. Hutchins, interview with McDonald, transcript pp. 130-31.

8. Ibid., pp. 131-32.

9. Ibid., pp. 17-18. [BACK]

10. Hutchins, "The Administrator," p. 175. [BACK]

11. Hutchins, "The Administrator Reconsidered" (Address to American College of Hospital Administrators, Atlantic City, NJ, September 19, 1955), revised for Freedom, Education, and the Fund , pp. 185-196; the quotation is from pp. 187-88. [BACK]