Natural History of the White-Inyo Range
  CONTRIBUTORS
  PREFACE
  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
 collapse sectionINTRODUCTION
 •Regional Setting
 •Modern Man in the White Mountains

 collapse sectionPART I—  PHYSICAL FEATURES
 collapse section1—  Weather and Climate
 •Introduction
 •Atmospheric Circulation Patterns
 collapse sectionSynoptic-Scale Circulation
 •Weather Regimes
 •Seasonal Storms
 collapse sectionMesoscale Phenomena
 •Mountain Lee Waves
 •Thunderstorms
 •Toposcale Effects
 collapse sectionWeather Observations and Climatological Data
 •Weather Stations
 •Temperature
 •Precipitation
 •Snowfall
 •Wind
 •Climate Hazards
 •References
 collapse section2—  Geomorphology
 •Weathering
 •Erosion
 •Deposition
 •References
 collapse section3—  Geologic History of the White-Inyo Range
 •Introduction and General History
 •The Central White-Inyo Range
 collapse sectionRoad Logs A, B, C
 •Road Log A
 •Road Log B
 •Road Log C
 •References
 •U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Maps

 collapse sectionPART II—  PLANTS
 collapse section4—  Plant Zones
 •Desert Scrub Zone (4,000–6,500 ft, 1,219–1,981 m)
 •Pinyon-Juniper Woodland Zone (6,500–9,500 ft, 1,981–2,896 m)
 •Subalpine Zone (9,500–11,500 ft, 2,896–3,505 m)
 •Alpine Zone (11,500–14,246 ft, 3,505–4,342 m)
 collapse sectionRepresentative Species of Major Plant Zones
 •Desert Scrub Zone (4,000–6,500 ft, 1,219–1,981 m)
 •Pinyon-Juniper Woodland Zone (6,500–9,500 ft, 1,981–2,896 m)
 •Subalpine Zone (9,500–11,5OO ft, 2,896–3,505 m)
 •Alpine Zone (11,500–14,246 ft, 3,505–4,342 m)
 •References
 collapse section5—  Trees
 •Pinaceae (Pine Family)
 •Cupressaceae (Cypress Family)
 •Betulaceae (Birch Family)
 •Salicaceae (Willow Family)
 •Aceraceae (Maple Family)
 •Simarubaceae (Quassia Family)
 •Ulmaceae (Elm Family)
 •Key to Trees
 •References
 collapse section6—  Shrubs and Flowering Plants
 •Key to the Nonflowering Plants
 •Agavaceae (Agave Family)
 •Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) (Parsley Family)
 •Asteraceae (Compositae) (Sunflower Family)
 •Boraginaceae (Borage Family)
 •Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) (Mustard Family)
 •Cactaceae (Cactus Family)
 •Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family)
 •Caryophyllaceae (Pink Family)
 •Chenopodiaceae (Goosefoot or Saltbush Family)
 •Crossosomataceae (Crossosoma Family)
 •Cuscutaceae (Dodder Family)
 •Cyperaceae (Sedge Family)
 •Ephedraceae (Ephedra Family)
 •Equisetaceae (Horsetail Family)
 •Euphorbiaceae (Spurge Family)
 •Fabaceae (Leguminosae) (Pea Family)
 •Ferns
 •Gentianaceae (Gentian Family)
 •Hydrophyllaceae (Waterleaf Family)
 •Iridaceae (Iris Family)
 •Juncaceae (Rush Family)
 •Lamiaceae (Labiatae) (Mint Family)
 •Liliaceae (Lily Family)
 •Linaceae (Flax Family)
 •Loasaceae (Loasa or Stick-leaf Family)
 •Malvaceae (Mallow Family)
 •Nyctaginaceae (Four O'Clock Family)
 •Oleaceae (Olive or Ash Family)
 •Onagraceae (Evening Primrose Family)
 •Orchidaceae (Orchid Family)
 •Orobanchaceae (Broomrape Family)
 •Papaveraceae (Poppy Family)
 •Poaceae (Gramineae) (Grass Family)
 •Polemoniaceae (Phlox Family)
 •Polygonaceae (Buckwheat Family)
 •Portulacaceae (Purselane Family)
 •Primulaceae (Primrose Family)
 •Ranunculaceae (Buttercup Family)
 •Rosaceae (Rose Family)
 •Rubiaceae (Madder Family)
 •Rutaceae (Rue Family)
 •Saxifragaceae (Saxifrage Family)
 •Scrophulariaceae (Figwort or Snapdragon Family)
 •Solanaceae (Nightshade Family)
 •Tamaricaceae (Tamarisk Family)
 •Urticaceae (Nettle Family)
 •Violaceae (Violet Family)
 •Viscaceae (Mistletoe Family)
 •Zygophyllaceae (Caltrop Family)
 •References

 collapse sectionPART III—  ANIMALS
 collapse section7—  Common Insects and Other Arthropods
 collapse sectionSpiders, Mites, Ticks, Scorpions, and Others:  (Class Arachnida)
 •Scorpion (Order Scorpiones)
 •Spiders (Order Araneae)
 •Harvestmen (Order Opiliones)
 •Mites and Ticks (Order Acarina)
 •False Scorpions, or Pseudoscorpions (Order Pseudoscorpiones)
 •Wind Scorpions (Order Solifugidae)
 •Isopods:  (Class Crustacea)
 •Millipedes:  (Class Diplopoda)
 •Centipedes:  (Class Chilopoda)
 collapse sectionInsects:  (Class Insecta)
 •Dragonflies and Damselflies (Order Odonata)
 •Termites (Order Isoptera)
 •Grasshoppers, Roaches, Mantids, and Related Groups (Order Orthoptera)
 •True Bugs (Order Hemiptera)
 •Cicadas, Leafhoppers, Aphids, Scale Insects, and Others (Order Homoptera)
 •Beetles (Order Coleoptera)
 •Butterflies and Moths (Order Lepidoptera)
 •Flies, Gnats, and Mosquitoes (Order Diptera)
 •Sawflies, Wasps, Bees, and Ants (Order Hymenoptera)
 •References
 collapse section8—  Fishes
 •Introduction
 collapse sectionEarly Trout Planting
 •Paiute Trout
 •Species Descriptions
 •Conclusion
 •References
 collapse section9—  Amphibians
 •Introduction
 collapse sectionSpecies Accounts
 •Lungless Salamanders (Family Plethodontidae)
 •True Toads (Family Bufonidae)
 •Treefrogs (Family Hylidae)
 •Spadefoot Toads (Family Pelobatidae)
 •True Frogs (Family Ranidae)
 •References
 collapse section10—  Reptiles
 collapse sectionIntroduction
 •Using the Chapter
 •Observing Reptiles
 •Amphibian and Reptile Biogeography
 collapse sectionSpecies Accounts
 •Alligator Lizards (Family Anguidae)
 •Geckos (Family Gekkonidae)
 •Iguanids (Family Iguanidae)
 •Skinks (Family Scincidae)
 •Whiptails (Family Teiidae)
 •Night Lizards (Family Xantusiidae)
 •Boas (Family Boidae)
 •Colubrids (Family Colubridae)
 •Slender Blind Snakes (Family Leptotyphlopidae)
 •Vipers (Family Viperidae)
 collapse sectionAmphibian and Reptile Diversity in Selected Habitats
 collapse sectionSouthern Owens Valley
 •Amphibians
 •Lizards
 •Snakes
 collapse sectionSouthern White Mountains
 •Amphibians
 •Lizards
 •Snakes
 collapse sectionCentral Owens Valley
 •Amphibians
 •Lizards
 •Snakes
 collapse sectionQueen Valley and Northern White Mountains
 •Amphibians
 •Lizards
 •Snakes
 collapse sectionNortheastern Argus Mountains
 •Amphibians
 •Snakes
 collapse sectionBase of East Side of Inyo Mountains
 •Amphibians
 •Lizards
 collapse sectionNortheast Slopes of Inyo Mountains
 •Lizards
 •Snakes
 collapse sectionDeep Springs Valley
 •Amphibians
 •Lizards
 •Snakes
 •References
 collapse section11—  Breeding Birds
 •Cathartidae (New World Vultures)
 •Accipitridae (Hawks and Eagles)
 •Falconidae (Falcons)
 •Phasianidae (Partridge, Grouse, and Quail)
 •Columbidae (Pigeons and Doves)
 •Strigidae (Typical Owls)
 •Caprimulgidae (Nightjars)
 •Apodidae (Swifts)
 •Trochilidae (Hummingbirds)
 •Picidae (Woodpeckers)
 •Tyrannidae (Tyrant Flycatchers)
 •Alaudidae (Larks)
 •Hirundinidae (Swallows)
 •Corvidae (Crows and Jays)
 •Paridae (Titmice)
 •Aegithalidae (Long-tailed Tits and Bushtits)
 •Sittidae (Nuthatches)
 •Certhiidae (Creepers)
 •Troglodytidae (Wrens)
 •Cinclidae (Dippers)
 •Muscicapidae (Muscicapids). Sylviinae (Kinglets and Gnatcatchers)
 •Turdinae (Thrushes)
 •Mimidae (Mockingbirds and Thrashers)
 •Vireonidae (Vireos)
 •Emberizidae (Emberizids). Parulinae (Wood Warblers)
 •Thraupinae (Tanagers)
 •Cardinalinae (Cardinals, Grosbeaks, and Allies)
 •Emberizinae (Towhees, Sparrows, and Allies)
 •Icterinae (Blackbirds, Orioles, and Allies)
 •Fringillidae (Finches and Allies)
 •References
 collapse section12—  Mammals
 •Insectivores (Order Insectivora)
 •Bats (Order Chiroptera)
 •Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares (Order Lagomorpha)
 collapse sectionRodents (Order Rodentia)
 •Marmots, Ground Squirrels, and Chipmunks (Family Sciuridae)
 •Pocket Gophers (Family Geomyidae)
 •Pocket Mice, and Kangaroo Rats and Mice (Family Heteromyidae)
 •Mice, Rats, Lemmings, and Voles (Family Cricetidae)
 •Beavers (Family Castoridae)
 •Porcupines (Family Erethizontidae)
 •Carnivores (Order Carnivora)
 •Even-Toed Ungulates (Order Artiodactyla)
 •Odd-Toed Ungulates (Order Perissodactyla)

 collapse sectionPART IV—  ARCHAEOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY
 collapse section13—  Native Land Use: Archaeology and Anthropology
 •The Paiute
 collapse sectionTechnology
 •Subsistence
 •The Annual Round
 collapse sectionNative Land Use before History
 •Dating
 •Archaeological Settlements in the White Mountains
 •References

 collapse sectionGLOSSARY
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  PLATE SECTION
 collapse sectionINDEX
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