Before Taliban "d0e44"

Significant Persons and Parties

Afghan Rulers (1880–1992)

Abdur Rahman Khan, ruled 1880–1901
Habibullah, ruled 1901–1919
Amanullah, ruled 1919–1929
Inayatullah, ruled 1929
Habibullah (Bacha-i Saqao), ruled 1929–1930
Muhammad Nadir Shah, ruled 1930–1933
Muhammad Zahir Shah, ruled 1933–1973
Muhammad Daud, prime minister 1953–1963, president 1973–1978
Nur Muhammad Taraki, ruled 1978–1979
Hafizullah Amin, prime minister 1978–1979, president September 1979–December 1979
Babrak Karmal, ruled 1979–1986
Dr. Najibullah, ruled 1986–1992

Islamic Political Leaders

Faizani, Maulana Muhammad Attaullah, Sufi pir and Muslim activist, arrested in 1973
Gailani, Sayyid Ahmad, descendant of Sufi pir and leader of Mahaz-i Milli Islami Afghanistan
Ghafur, Haji Abdul, one of the leaders of the original Pech Uprising in 1978
Haqqani, Maulavi Jalaluddin, early member of the Muslim Youth Organization and leader of the jihad in Paktia Province
Hekmatyar, Engineer Gulbuddin, founding member of the Muslim Youth Organization and leader of Hizb-i Islami Afghanistan
Hussain, Maulavi, a.k.a. Jamil-ur-Rahman, early member of the Muslim Youth Organization, leader of the Wahhabi (also known as Panj Piri and Salafi) movement in Kunar
Khales, Maulavi Yunus, leader of Hizb-i Islami Afghanistan
Khyber, Mir Akbar, leader of the Parcham wing of the (Marxist) People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, assassinated in April 1978
Massoud, Ahmad Shah, early member of the Muslim Youth Organization, commander in Panjshir Valley, minister of defense after the collapse of the Najibullah regime
Mujaddidi, Fazl Umar, known as Sher Agha, Hazrat of Shor Bazaar, leader in the movement to oust Amanullah
Mujaddidi, Muhammad Ibrahim, eldest son of Sher Agha, Hazrat of Shor Bazaar
Mujaddidi, Sibghatullah, leader of Jabha-yi Nejat-i Milli Afghanistan
Nabi Muhammadi, Maulavi Muhammad, leader of Harakat-i Inqilabi-yi Islami Afghanistan
Nasratyar, Saifuddin, founding member of the Muslim Youth Organization
Niazi, Abdur Rahim, original leader of the Muslim Youth Organization
Niazi, Ghulam Muhammad, professor at Kabul University and advisor to Muslim Youth Organization leaders
Rabbani, Burhanuddin, professor at Kabul University and later head of Jamiat-i Islami Afghanistan
Rahman, Engineer Habib-ur, founding member of the Muslim Youth Organization
Rahman, Maulavi Habib-ur, founding member of the Muslim Youth Organization
Rizwani, General Mir Ahmad Shah, follower of Faizani and leading Muslim activist in military during presidency of Daud
Sayyaf, Abdur Rasul, later Abd al-Rab Rasul Sayyaf, leader of the Ettehad-i Islami bara-yi Azadi-yi Afghanistan
Waqad, Qazi Muhammad Amin, deputy leader of Hizb-i Islami Afghanistan under Gulbuddin Hekmatyar

Major Afghan Islamic Political Parties and Alliances

Ettehad-i Islami bara-yi Azadi-yi Afghanistan (Islamic Union for the Freedom of Afghanistan), leader: Sayyaf
Ettehad-i Islami Mujahidin Afghanistan (Islamic Union of Afghanistan Mujahidin), a.k.a. Ettehad-i Haft Gana (“Seven Party Unity”), comprised both Hizb-i Islamis, Jamiat-i Islami, two splinter factions from Harakat (one led by Maulavi Nasrullah Mansur, the other by Maulavi Moazen), a minor splinter group from Jabha led by Maulavi Muhammad Mir, and Sayyaf's Ettehad; early 1980s
Ettehad-i Islami Mujahidin Afghanistan (Islamic Union of Afghanistan Mujahidin), a.k.a. Ettehad-i Seh Gana (“Three Party Unity”), included Har0akat, Mahaz, and Jabha; early 1980s
Ettehad-i Islami Mujahidin Afghanistan (Islamic Union of Afghanistan Mujahidin), comprised both Hizb-i Islamis, Jamiat-i Islami, Harakat, Jabha, Mahaz, and Sayyaf's Ettehad; late 1980s
Harakat-i Inqilabi-yi Islami Afghanistan (Revolutionary Islamic Movement of Afghanistan), leader: Nabi
Hizb-i Islami Afghanistan (Islamic Party of Afghanistan), leader: Hekmatyar
Hizb-i Islami Afghanistan (Islamic Party of Afghanistan), leader: Khales
Hizb-i Tauhid (Monotheism Party), associated with Faizani and Rizwani
Jabha-yi Nejat-i Milli Afghanistan (Front for the National Salvation of Afghanistan), leader: Sibghatullah Mujaddidi
Jamiat-i Islami Afghanistan (Islamic Society of Afghanistan), leader: Rabbani
Jamiat-i Ulama Muhammadi (Society of Muhammadan Clerics), founded by Sibghatullah Mujaddidi during the 1970s
Khodam ul-Forqan (Servants of the Qur'an), founded by Ismail Mujaddidi in the 1970s
Mahaz-i Milli Islami Afghanistan (National Islamic Front of Afghanistan), founded by Gailani in 1978
Sazman-i Jawanan-i Musulman (Muslim Youth Organization), founded in 1969 by Muslim students at Kabul University