| Gaining Ground |
| PREFACE |
| INTRODUCTION |
 | PART ONE— SOCIOECONOMIC RIGHTS AND AMERICAN VALUES |
| One— Patterns of Resource Inadequacy and American Values |
| • | Wage Dependency and Vulnerability |
| Patterns of Resource Inadequacy |
| • | Episodic Inadequacy and Social Insurance |
| • | Poverty and Social Merging |
| • | Public Programs and American Values |
| Two— Socioeconomic Rights and American Conceptions of Distributive Justice |
| • | Socioeconomic Rights in Theory |
| • | Practical Applications |
| Socioeconomic Rights and Distributive Justice |
| • | Strict Equality |
| • | Need |
| • | Investments |
| • | Results |
| • | Ascription |
| • | Procedures |
| • | Socioeconomic Rights and American Beliefs |
| Three— Implications for Prominent American Values |
| Liberty |
| • | Developmental Liberty |
| • | Economic Efficiency |
| • | Equality |
| • | Democracy |
| • | Community and Social Solidarity |
| • | Human Dignity |
| • | Conclusions |
| Four— Practical Problems: Complexity and Compliance |
| Coping with Complexity |
| • | Pitfalls Associated with Complex Social Action |
| • | Limits and Harmonization Issues |
| • | Preferences for Limited and Local Government |
| • | Competing Interest Groups |
| • | Reaching Potential Recipients |
| • | Guidelines for Action |
| PART TWO— THE INVESTMENTS APPROACH TO SOCIAL PROGRAMS |
| Introduction to Case Studies |
| • | Distributive Justice |
| • | Negative Liberty and Individualism |
| • | Economic Efficiency |
| • | Administrative Complexity |
| • | Conflicts of Interest and Compliance |
| Five— Social Security |
| • | Historical Background |
| • | Distributive Justice |
| • | Negative Liberty |
| • | Economic Efficiency |
| • | Administrative Complexity |
| • | Conflicts of Interest and Compliance |
| • | Summary and Implications |
| Six— Aid to Families with Dependent Children |
| • | Historical Background |
| • | Distributive Justice |
| • | Negative Liberty |
| • | Economic Efficiency |
| • | Administrative Complexity |
| • | Conflicts of Interest and Compliance |
| • | Summary and Implications |
| Seven— Medicare |
| • | Historical Background |
| • | Distributive Justice |
| • | Negative Liberty |
| • | Economic Efficiency |
| • | Administrative Complexity |
| • | Conflicts of Interest and Compliance |
| • | Summary and Implications |
| Eight— The Investments Approach |
| Social Insurance |
| • | Retirement |
| • | Disability |
| • | Childbirth |
| • | Survivorship |
| • | Desertion and Divorce |
| • | Unemployment |
| • | Administrative safeguards |
| • | Costs |
| Social Merging |
| • | Incentives |
| • | Opportunities |
| • | Capacities |
| • | Complementary measures |
| Implications for Housing and Education |
| • | Housing subsidies |
| • | Education |
| • | Medical Care |
| The Investments Approach and American Values |
| • | Distributive Justice |
| • | Negative Liberty |
| • | Economic Efficiency |
| • | Administrative Complexity |
| • | Conflicts of Interest and Compliance |
| • | Prospects |
| Notes |
| • | INTRODUCTION |
| • | One— Patterns of Resource Inadequacy and American Values |
| • | Two— Socioeconomic Rights and American Conceptions of Distributive Justice |
| • | Three— Implications for Prominent American Values |
| • | Four— Practical Problems: Complexity and Compliance |
| • | Introduction to Case Studies |
| • | Five— Social Security |
| • | Six— Aid to Families with Dependent Children |
| • | Seven— Medicare |
| • | Eight— The Investments Approach |
| INDEX |
| • | A |
| • | B |
| • | C |
| • | D |
| • | E |
| • | F |
| • | G |
| • | H |
| • | I |
| • | J |
| • | K |
| • | L |
| • | M |
| • | N |
| • | O |
| • | P |
| • | R |
| • | S |
| • | T |
| • | U |
| • | V |
| • | W |
| • | Y |
