1. Quoted in Alain Schapp and Pierre Vidal-Naquet, The French Student Uprising , trans. Jolas (Boston, 1971), p. 442. [BACK]

2. Louis Althusser, Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays , trans, Brewster (London, 1971), p. 160. [BACK]

3. Karel Kosík, Dialectics of the Concrete , trans. Kovanda and Schmidt (Boston, 1976), p. 70. [BACK]

4. Max Horkheimer, "Materialism and Metaphysics," in Horkheimer, Critical Theory , trans. O'Connell (New York, 1972), p. 29. [BACK]

5. Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America , ed. Bradley (New York, 1945), II, 104, 106. [BACK]

6. Karl Marx, "Draft of an Article on Friedrich List's Book Das Nationale System der Politischen Oekonomie," CW 4, p. 276. [BACK]

7. Georg Simmel, "Group Expansion and the Development of Individuality," in Simmel, On Individuality and Social Forms , ed. Levine (Chicago, 1971), p. 272. [BACK]

8. For example, David McLellan, Karl Marx: His Life and Thought (New York, 1975); Carl Schorske. German Social Democracy, 1905-1917 (New York, 1955); George Lichtheim,  Marxism  in Modern France (New York, 1966); Mark Poster, Existential  Marxism  in Postwar France (Princeton, N.J., 1975). For more titles, see the bibliography following. [BACK]