T
TAG (Treatment Action Group; New York), 345
on accelerated approval, 317 -18
composition of, 352
criticizes San Francisco activists, 318
involvement in basic research, 321
on large-scale trials, 317
Tarrow, Sidney, 369 n.82
tat gene, 282
tat inhibitors, 308 -9
Taylor, Verta, 369 n.83
T cells, 380 n.7
finding HIV in, 163 -64
ICL, 163
killed by HIV directly, 306
killed by HIV indirectly, 155
as marker of AIDS, 301
regeneration of, 108
Teas, Jane, 112
Temin, Howard, 136
Tesh, Sylvia Noble, 384 n.54
tetracycline, 134
T4 cells. See T cells
Third World, treatment in, 325
Thomas, Stephen B., 423 n.102
Thomas Jr., Charles, 158 -59
Thorp, Robert K., 442 n.8
3TC, 322 -23
TIBO, 295
Time , 356
Times (London), 152
coverage of Duesberg, 27
Toronto Star (Canada), 154
Touraine, Alain, 370 n.87
toxoplasmosis, 132
transfusion. See blood transfusion
Trauner, Joan, 383 n.37
treatment: AIDS/cancer therapies similarities, 324
antiviral drugs, 191
drug trials/licensing, length of time for, 270
early intervention, 322
hit-and-miss approach to research, 212
logical approach to research, 212
NIH recommendations, 310
politics of, 182
in poorer countries, 325 . See also clinical trials; combination therapy; FDA; treatment activism; specific drugs
Treatment Action Group. See TAG
Treatment & Data Committee (of ACT UP/New York), 293
treatment activism, 177 -78
basic research, involvement in, 318 -22
biostatisticians as allies, 262 -63
buyers clubs, 229
and clinical-trial design, 340 -46, 439 n.33
community-based trials, 216 -19, 438 n.22
and conservatives, 223
constituencies within, 290 -94
credibility of activists, 335 -39
criticism of the FDA, 222 -26
decline of, 326 -28
demonstration in Rockville, Md., against FDA, 227
diversification of, 288 -90
donations from Burroughs Wellcome, 299 -300
drug development, discouragement over pace/failures of, 295 -97, 429 n.4
and drug development bottleneck, 281 -84
drug smuggling/bootlegging, 188
East Coast vs . West Coast, 317 -18
education of communities, 35
effectiveness of, 338 -40
effects on doctor-patient relationship, 346 -47
expertification of activists, 350 -53
expertise about the community, 249 -50
genesis of, 186 -89
grassroots publications, 195 (see also ATN )
hemophilia activists, 289 -90
insider/outsider status of, 351 -52
at International Conference on AIDS, 246 -47
involvement in the ACTG, 284 -87
and need for knowledge, 343 -44
for patient autonomy/risk taking, 222
patient/research-subject roles, 215 -16
against placebos in clinical trials, 214
researchers' respect for, 337 -39
respect for scientists, 328
situated knowledge of activists, 337
specialization within, 350 -51
and surrogate markers, 304 , 341 . See also ACT UP; AIDS movement; FDA; Project Inform
treatment controversy vs . causation controversy, 177 -78
Treatment Investigational New Drugs (Treatment INDs), 222
Treichler, Paula, 84 , 379 n.173, 387 n.133, 398 n.92, 419 n.39
on community-based research, 439 n.28
tricosanthin (Compound Q), 257 -58
Troyer, Ronald J., 441 n.64
Trueheart, Charles, 141
trust, 14 -17, 351 . See also credibility
Tsiatis, Anastasios (Butch), 275
tuberculosis, 147
Tuchman, Gaye, 392 n.49
Turner, Bryan S., 370 n.94
Turner, Joseph, 441 n.63
Turner, Stephen P., 366 n.57
Tuskegee syphilis study, 259