ABC of Influence "d0e10503"

Index

A

Abrams, M. H., The Mirror and the Lamp,7

"Absolute value," in language, 4 , 22 -23, 55

"Absorptiveness" (Bernstein), 241 , 249 -50

"Academic" poetry, 20 -21, 24 , 66 , 71 , 72

Adams, Brooks, 91 , 100

Adams, John, 67 , 93 , 185

Agonism, 9 , 43 , 49 , 63 , 138 -39

Allen, Donald, The New American Poetry,21 , 191

Altieri, Charles, 4 ;

on Duncan, 136 ;

and "ego," 76 ;

and "immanentist poetics," 3 , 31 ;

and Objectivism, 3 , 111 , 136 ;

and Olson, 111 ;

on postmodernism, 27 -28, 76

America, 67 ;

Bloom on, 47 ;

Creeley and, 219 ;

Dorn and, 218 -19, 223 -24;

Duncan and, 180 ;

Levertov and, 203 -4, 205 -6;

Olson and, 94 , 95 , 96 , 101 , 124 , 218 -19, 222 ;

Whitman and, 67 -71, 72 , 124 ;

Williams and, 67 , 71 -73, 94 , 95 , 124

American poetry. See "New American poetry"

American Sublime. See Sublime

Ammons, A. R., 46 , 53

Andrews, Bruce, 239

Antin, David, 27

Anti-Semitism, 5 , 37 -38, 48 , 91

Antithesis, 28 n, 47 , 85 , 88

Anxiety, 65 ;

Bloom and, 43 , 113 ;

Duncan and, 138 -39;

Olson and, 113 , 115 , 118 , 131 , 134

Apollinaire, Guillaume, 41

Aquinas, Thomas, 49

Archaeology, 86 , 87 , 210

Aristotle, Poetics,7

Artisan, vantage point of, 59

Ashbery, John, 46 , 53 , 240 -41, 242 , 249

Auden, W. H., 18 , 24 , 25

Authorship, 12 , 244 -45, 248 .

See also "Donative" authors

"Autoclytic multiplication" (Olson), 15 , 103

B

Bakhtin, Mikhail, 10 , 13 , 220 , 221 , 245

Baraka, Amiri (Leroi Jones), 21 , 45

Barker, George, 150

Barry, Iris, 192

Barthes, Roland, 28 ;

Bernstein and, 243 , 244 , 248 ;

Duncan and, 189 ;

and intertextuality, 11 -12, 13 , 189 , 244 , 248 ;

S/Z, 219 -22, 223 , 224 , 229

Bartlett, Lee, 190

Bartók, Béla, 182

Bate, Walter Jackson, The Burden of the Past and the English Poet,42 -43

Baudelaire, Charles, 138

Beats, 21 , 45 , 171 , 191 , 239

Beckett, Tom, 243

Beethoven, Ludwig van, 182

Belatedness, 51 -55

Benson, Steve, 239

Berkeley conference (1965), 26

Bernstein, Charles, 27 , 48 , 237 -51;

"Artifice of Absorption," 249 ;

― 266 ―

Bernstein, Charles (continued )

"Baggage," 246 ;

Content's Dream,242 ;

Controlling Interests,245 ;

"For Change," 242 -43;

Islets/Irritations,245 , 246 ;

"Part Quake," 246 , 248 , 250 ;

"Pound and the Poetry of Today," 5 , 237 , 242

Bernstein, Michael André:

on Duncan, 61 , 138 , 140 , 145 -46;

on Olson, 90 , 110 -11n

Berryman, John, 1 , 45

Bertholf, Robert, 225

Bishop, Elizabeth, 19 , 46 , 48

Blackburn, Paul, 1 , 30

Black Mountain College, 1 , 26 , 27 , 30 , 239 ;

Creeley and, 77 , 80 , 217 ;

Dorn and, 77 , 217 ;

Duncan and, 80 , 171 , 172 , 190 ;

Language poetry and, 241 ;

Levertov and, 190 ;

Olson and, 83 , 114 , 217 ;

and Zukofsky, 77 , 80 , 83

Black Mountain Review,1 , 21 , 30 , 119 , 190 , 191

Blake, William, 41 , 138 , 139 , 197

Bloom, Harold, 9 , 42 -65;

Anxiety of Influence,42 , 43 , 51 ;

Duncan and, 138 -40, 189 , 240 ;

Language poetry and, 240 ;

Map of Misreading,51 ;

Olson and, 114 , 115 , 131 -32, 134 , 240 ;

Poetry and Repression,56 , 61 ;

Snyder and, 195 ;

Wallace Stevens: The Poems of Our Climate,45 -46

Blunt, Wilfred, 17

Bly, Robert, 45

Bollingen Award (1949), 20

Bosch, Hieronymus, 187

Bové, Paul, 110 ;

Destructive Poetics,113 -15

Boyd, Mark Alexander, 57

Brancusi, Constantin, 162

Breslin, James, 27

Bridges, R. S., 118

Browning, Robert, 56 , 57

Buddhism, 38 , 195 , 196 , 212 , 215

Bunting, Basil, 33 , 45 , 77 , 177 ;

Briggflatts,26

Butler, Samuel, 57

Butterick, George, 88 , 111

Byrd, Don, 102 , 111 , 142 , 144

C

Cage, John, 27

Campion, Thomas, 57

Canon, 5 -6, 8 -9, 16 , 42 -65, 196 .

See also Tradition

Cantos (Pound), 10 , 13 , 25 , 49 , 64 -65;

Bloom and, 45 ;

Creeley and, 30 -35 passim;

Dorn and, 218 , 221 ;

Duncan and, 137 , 141 -58 passim, 162 -73 passim, 179 -87 passim;

Ginsberg and, 37 -40, 165 ;

ideogram in, 40 , 51 , 54 , 65 , 78 , 141 , 151 , 169 , 173 , 185 , 187 , 212 ;

Language poetry and, 242 ;

Leverrov and, 194 , 200 -201, 202 , 203 , 204 ;

Olson and, 23 n, 76 , 86 -101 passim, 122 , 130 , 132 , 133 , 165 ;

"Rock-Drill," 132 , 133 , 150 -52, 154 , 171 , 183 ;

Snyder and, 198 , 209 , 210 , 211 , 212 , 214 -15;

Williams and, 73 -75;

women portrayed in, 152 , 154 -55, 192 ;

Zukofsky and, 78 , 79 , 81

Carne-Ross, D. S., 46

Cassirer, Ernst, 184

Caterpillar, 21

Catullus, 47

Cavalcanti, Guido:

"Donna mi priegha," 154 , 168 ;

Duncan and, 154 , 168 ;

Pound and, 18 , 47 , 57 , 85 , 117 , 143 , 152 , 154

Cell, poem as, 15 , 164 -65, 189 , 250

Chaos, 89 , 102 , 103

Charters, Samuel, 25

Chaucer, Geoffrey, 57

Chekhov, Anton, 191

Chinese, 197

Ching ming, 55

Christensen, Paul, 110 -11n, 121

Christianity, 49 , 98 , 197 , 215

Churchill, Winston, 218

City Lights Books, 21

Clarity, 128 , 240

Classicism, 7 , 36 -37, 39 , 51 , 219 -22

― 267 ―

Cliché, 226 -27

"Codes," poetic use of, 113

Coherence, 165 , 211

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 138 , 194

Collage, 27 , 65 ;

Duncan and, 15 , 141 , 166 , 174 , 189 ;

Language poetry and, 242 , 143 ;

Snyder and, 212 , 214

Communal sense, 61 , 93 , 107 , 140 , 158

Composition, 26 ;

Bernstein and, 242 , 249 ;

Duncan and, 162 , 174 -75;

Snyder and, 197 .

See also Form; Juxtaposition

Concrete poetry, 26 , 27

Condensation, of language, 33 , 41

Confucius, 47 , 54 , 57 ;

Duncan and, 174 , 175 ;

Levertov and, 203 ;

Olson and, 93 , 117 , 122 , 123 , 128 , 129 , 130 ;

Pound's translations of, 129

Content, in poetry, 32 , 119 , 162 , 232

Continuity, 140 , 246 , 250

Coolidge, Clark, 1 , 27 , 238 -39, 241

Corbière, Tristan, 57

Corman, Cid:

Olson and, 76 , 95 , 104 , 109 , 117 -18;

Origin and, 21 , 30

Counterculture, 1 , 140

Crabbe, George, 57

Craft, in poetry, 160 -61, 166 , 197

Crane, Hart, 24 , 46 , 53 , 114

Creation:

artistic, 9 , 102 -3, 149 ;

"re-," 139 -40

Creeley, Robert, 29 -36;

Bloom and, 240 ;

Dorn and, 217 ;

Duncan and, 34 -35, 138 , 140 , 171 , 172 ;

"Finger," 34 , 35 -36;

Ginsberg and, 39 ;

"Helas," 34 ;

journals, 21 , 29 -30;

Language poetry and, 238 , 239 , 243243 ;

Levertov and, 190 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 ;

and Objectivism, 3 , 31 , 33 , 78 , 80 -81;

and Olson, 29 -35 passim, 87 , 93 -94, 111 -12, 116 , 122 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 143 ;

and postmodernism, 29 , 31 -32.;

and Pound tradition, 1 , 17 -26 passim, 29 -36, 41 ;

Snyder and, 34 , 196 -97;

and Whitman, 24 , 66 , 68 , 111 ;

"Why Pound!?!," 31 ;

and Williams, 2 , 24 , 29 , 30 , 34 , 71 , 111 ;

and Zukofsky, 19 , 29 , 77 , 80 -81, 83

"Crisis poem," 132 -33

Cummings, E. E., 2 , 45 , 67 , 114 , 121 , 249

Curtius, Ernst Robert, European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages, 94 , 96

D

Dadaists, 172

Dance, 125 -26, 127 , 157

Daniel, Arnaut, 47 , 52

Dante Alighieri, 18 , 56 , 68 -69, 85 , 93 ;

and Cantos, 49 , 152 , 154 , 181 ;

Duncan and, 138 , 141 , 143 , 144 , 153 -54, 155 ;

Eliot and, 46 ;

Levertov and, 194 , 198 ;

Olson and, 95 ;

Paradiso, 154 ;

Snyder and, 197

Davidson, Michael, 222 -23, 232 , 245 -46

Davie, Donald, 86 , 90 , 121

Dawson, Fielding, 77 , 241

de Born, Bertran, 85

De Certeau, Michel, 230 -31

Deconstruction, 115

de Gourmont, Remy, 117 , 192

Deleuze, Gilles, 231 , 243

Democracy, 70 , 71 , 85

Derivation, 48 -49;

Duncan and, 137 , 139 , 141 -42, 158 , 159 , 164 -65, 188 -89.

See also Influence

Derrida, Jacques, 28 , 143

de Ventadorn, Bernart, 152

Dialogic, 220 -21, 145 -46

Dichten = condensare,33

Dickinson, Emily, 2 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 71 , 238

di Cosima, Piero, 187

Dictionaries, 124 n, 185 , 186

Digression, in poetry, 230 -31

"Discursive formations," 12 -13, 231 , 248

― 268 ―

Disruption, 240 -41, 249 -50

Dissolve, as poetic mode, 220 , 221 , 224 -25

"Donative" authors (Pound), 49 -50, 196

Donne, John, 57 , 194

Dorn, Edward, 1 n, 16 , 217 -36;

From Gloucester Out,218 ;

Geography, 218 , 222 , 223 , 231 ;

Hands Up!, 217 -18;

"Idaho Out," 218 , 223 , 226 -28, 230 -31, 232 ;

"Land Below," 226 ;

Language poetry and, 222 , 238 , 243 , 244 ;

Newly Fallen,217 ;

North Atlantic Turbine,223 -24, 231 ;

and Olson, 29 , 216 -31 passim, 236 ;

and postmodernism, 29 , 216 , 220 , 222 ;

and Pound tradition, 26 , 217 , 221 ;

"Pronouncement," 217 -18;

Slinger, 217 , 218 , 222 -36 passim, 243 ;

"Sousa," 226 ;

"What I See In The Maximus Poems, " 222 -23;

"World Box-Score of 1966," 231 ;

and Zukofsky, 77

Douglas, C. H., 117

Douglas, Gavin, 57

Drake, Sir Francis, 152

Drew, Elizabeth, 21

Duncan, Robert, 2 , 38 , 44 , 71 , 136 -90;

"After Reading BARELY AND WIDELY ," 66 ;

and anti-Semitism, 38 ;

"At the Loom," 184 -86;

Bending the Bow,158 , 163 , 176 , 181 , 184 , 185 ;

Bloom and, 138 -40, 189 , 240 ;

and Cavalcanti, 154 , 168 ;

and communal sense, 61 , 140 , 158 ;

and Creeley, 34 -35, 138 , 140 , 171 , 172 ;

death, 162 , 181 ;

Derivation,144 -45;

Dorn and, 217 , 221 , 222 ;

"Envoy," 185 ;

Fictive Certainties,66 , 136 ;

"Fire," 186 -88;

Ground Work: Before the War, 159 , 160 -61;

and H. D., 3 , 137 -43 passim, 158 , 163 , 181 , 188 , 192 ;

H. D. Book,137 , 144 , 148 , 152 -53, 163 , 180 , 182 , 188 ;

Heavenly City, Earthly City,168 ;

Language poetry and, 188 n, 238 -44 passim, 250 , 251 ;

"Lasting Contribution of Ezra Pound," 175 ;

Levertov and, 138 , 140 , 171 , 190 -99 passim, 203 , 206 ;

"Maiden," 154 -55;

and musicality, 80 , 157 , 168 ;

and Objectivism, 3 , 78 -81 passim, 136 -61, 166 , 172 ;

"Often I Am Permitted to Return to a Meadow," 139 -40, 154 , 156 -58;

and Olson, 132 , 133 , 138 -49 passim, 158 , 164 , 165 , 171 -73, 179 , 185 -86;

Opening of the Field,139 -40, 147 -58 passim, 171 -79 Passim;

Passages, 158 -60, 163 , 165 -66, 181 , 183 -88;

"Persephone," 150 ;

"Poem Beginning with a Line by Pindar," 176 -79;

and poem as cell or collage, 15 , 141 , 164 -65, 166 , 174 , 189 , 250 ;

"Poetics of Music: Stravinsky," 168 ;

and postmodernism, 29 , 136 , 145 , 163 -64, 171 ;

and Pound tradition, 1 , 18 -24 passim, 33 , 36 , 38 , 71 , 137 , 143 -46, 150 , 172 ;

and Romanticism, 136 -61, 166 -67, 168 ;

Roots and Branches,158 ;

Snyder and, 196 , 198 , 209 ;

and somatic stimuli, 64 , 172 ;

"Spelling," 186 ;

"Structure of Rime," 157 , 166 ;

"Tribunals," 185 ;

"Truth and Life of Myth," 155 , 174 , 184 ;

"Variations upon Pound's essay Cavalcanti, " 168 ;

Venice Poem,168 -70, 176 ;

and Whitman, 66 -72 passim, 138 , 141 , 153 -58 passim, 171 -79 passim;

and Williams, 2 , 71 , 77 , 138 -40 passim, 146 -47, 157 -58, 163 , 171 -72, 181 ;

and Zukofsky, 2 , 66 , 79 -83 passim, 138 , 141 , 172

E

"Ear." See Sound

Earl of Dorset, 57

Eberhart, Richard, 39 -40

Ecology, 215 , 216 , 226 , 229

Economics:

Duncan and, 149 , 172 ;

― 269 ―

Ginsberg and, 37 -39;

language in, 55 ;

Levertov and, 202 ;

Olson and, 91 -92, 93 ;

Snyder and, 215 ;

Williams and, 75

Edelberg, Cynthia, 35

Ego, 75 ;

as beak, 76 , 90 ;

Bernstein and, 244 ;

Duncan and, 170 , 189 ;

and history, 76 , 90 , 93 ;

Olson and, 76 , 90 , 93 , 114

Eigner, Larry, 1 , 239 , 241

Eliot, T. S., 1 , 20 ;

Bloom and, 45 , 46 -47;

Duncan and, 23 -24, 148 , 181 , 188 ;

Four Quartets,98 ;

Ginsberg and, 36 -37;

High Modernism of, 88 ;

and Laforgue, 46 , 63 ;

and Milton, 138 ;

Olson and, 23 , 96 , 98 , 112 , 114 ;

Snyder and, 195 , 196 ;

"Tradition and the Individual Talent," 8 -9, 18 , 49 , 50 , 104 , 195 -96;

Waste Land, 45 ;

Whitman and, 72

Elitism, 92 , 93 -95

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 46 , 47 , 53 , 138 , 201

England, 205

Enslin, Theodore, 1

Environment, 101 .

See also Ecology; Geography

Epic, 10 , 202 , 222 , 224 , 235

Erigena, Duns Scotus, 117

Eshleman, Clayton, 1 , 21 , 26 , 238

Establishment, 20 -21, 25

Etymology, 124 , 186

Euphemism, in poetry, 235 -36

Europe, 67 ;

Creeley and, 219 ;

Dorn and, 218 -19;

Olson and, 93 -97, 107 , 218 -19;

Snyder and, 197 ;

Williams and, 70 , 72 -73.

See also Italy

Experimental poetry, 45 ;

Duncan and, 162 ;

Ginsberg and, 39 ;

journals of, 30 ;

Language poetry and, 238 -39, 243 , 249 -50;

Modernist, 1 , 3 , 20 -22, 28 , 45 , 46 , 194 , 221 -22;

postmodernist, 27

Exploration, 217 -18, 230

F

Faas, Ekbert, 114 , 167 , 195 , 196

Fading, of discourses, 220 , 221 , 223 , 229

"Family romance," 48 , 63 -64

Fascism, 4 -5, 25 ;

Levertov and, 202 ;

Olson and, 91 , 92 , 95 , 97 ;

Williams and, 72 .

See also Mussolini, Benito

Father, 124 , 130 ;

Bloom and, 43 , 48 , 53 -54, 63 -64, 131 -32, 139 -40;

Duncan and, 139 -40, 156 -57;

Olson and, 112 -13, 124 , 125 , 130 -34 passim.

See also Oedipal struggle

Feminine, 192 ;

Duncan and, 137 , 151 , 152 , 154 -56;

Snyder and, 214 .

See also Women

Feminism, 192 , 216

Fenollosa, Ernest:

"Chinese Written Character as a Medium for Poetry," 173 ;

Duncan and, 173 , 174 , 188 ;

and ideogram, 40 , 173 , 174 , 188 ;

Olson and, 116 , 117

Field, Duncan and, 146 , 156 , 158 , 159 , 172 -73, 178 -79, 188 -89

"Field poetics," 27 , 146

Finkelstein, Norman, 157

Fitzgerald, Edward, 57

Ford, Ford Madox, 56 n, 117

Foregrounding, 22 -23, 44 , 240 -41, 244 -45, 248

Form, 45 ;

and content, 32 , 119 , 162 ;

Creeley and, 32 , 33 ;

Duncan and, 162 -89;

Olson and, 102 -3, 118 , 119 ;

Zukofsky and, 79 , 81 .

See also Collage; Composition; Ideogram; Open-form poetry

Formalists, Russian, 243

Foster, Hal, 28

Foucault, Michel, 28 ;

Archaeology of Knowledge,12 -13;

and "discursive formations," 12 -13, 231 , 248 ;

and intertextuality, 12 -13, 189 , 244 , 248

Freud, Sigmund, 138 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 184

Frobenius, Leo, 60 , 91 , 100 , 117

Frost, Robert, 20 , 45 -46

Froula, Christine, 17

― 270 ―

Frye, Northrup, 10

Futurism, Russian, 239

G

Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri, 116 , 117

Gautier, Théophile, 57

Géfin, Laszlo, 3 , 4 , 77 , 174

Gender:

"androgynous sensibility," 191 ;

male dominance, 53 , 192 ;

"man-talk," 151 ;

sexism, 48 , 192 .

See also Father; Feminine

Geography, 101 -2, 218 -19, 222 -23, 226 -27, 231

Georgians, 23

Gerhardt, Rainer Marie, 30 n, 95 -98

Gide, André, 218

Ginsberg, Allen, 5 , 36 -41, 165 , 191 ;

Bloom and, 46 -47;

Dorn and, 217 ;

Duncan and, 171 ;

and "exact language of description," 23 , 40 ;

Howl,21 , 36 -40 passim, 171 , 217 ;

Language poetry and, 238 ;

Levertov and, 194 , 195 ;

and musicality, 39 , 40 -41, 80 ;

and Olson, 29 , 132 , 133 ;

and postmodernism, 29 ;

"Pound Contra Usura," 38 -39;

and Pound tradition, 1 , 17 -26 passim, 29 , 36 -41, 48 , 71 ;

Snyder and, 196 -97, 198 , 209 ;

"Sunflower Sutra," 39 -41;

To Eberhart, from Ginsberg: Letter about Howl, 39 -40;

and Whitman, 2 , 19 , 29 , 41 , 58 , 66 , 70 , 72

Giovanni, Nikki, 45

Gloucester, 102 , 218 -19

Goad, 31

Goethe, J. W. von, 138 , 191 , 194

Golding, Alan, 223 , 224 , 232

Golding, Arthur, 57

Goodman, Mitch, 190

Grenier, Robert, 240 , 241

Guattari, Félix, 243

Guillen, Claudio, 15 ;

Literature as System,9 -10

Guillory, John, 9

H

Han-Shan, 197

Harper, Michael, 111

Harrison, Jane, 184

Hassan, Ihab, 28 , 88

Hatlen, Burton, 2 , 20 , 71

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 112 -13

H. D., 2 -3, 19 , 24 , 48 , 192 ;

Bloom and, 45 ;

Duncan and, 3 , 137 -43 passim, 158 , 163 , 181 , 188 , 192 ;

Language poetry and, 238 ;

Levertov and, 3 , 191 , 192 , 193 -94, 195 ;

"Sagesse," 194

Heine, Heinrich, 47 , 57

Heisenberg, Werner, 103

Hejinian, Lyn, 239

Heraclitus, 182

Herbert, George, 194

Hermeren, Goran, Influence in Art and Literature,7

Herodotus, 98 -99, 115

Herrick, Robert, 57

Heteroglossia, 210 -21, 236 , 246

Hills, 239

History, 14 -15, 25 -26, 62 , 64 , 216 ;

Bloom and, 52 -53, 60 ;

defined by Olson, 100 ;

Duncan and, 168 -69, 170 -71;

Levertov and, 198 , 201 -8, 215 , 216 ;

Olson and, 48 , 84 -109, 168 -69, 215 , 216 ;

oral, 90 ;

Snyder and, 198 , 210 -11, 215 , 216 ;

Williams and, 74 , 75 , 76

Hitler, Adolf, 38

Holaday, Woon-Ping Chin, 210

Hölderlin, Friedrich, 194

Hollander, John, 53

Homer, 10 , 18 , 47 , 49 , 104

Hopkins, Gerard Manley, 150 , 194 -95, 197 , 199 , 200

Howe, Susan, 27 , 243

Hughes, Langston, 45

Hulme, T. E., 117

Huyssen, Andreas, 215 -116

I

Idealism, 25 , 98 , 251

Ideogram, 4 , 15 , 22 , 26 , 42 ;

in Cantos, 40 , 51 , 54 , 65 , 78 , 141 , 151 , 169 , 173 , 185 , 187 , 212 ;

Creeley and, 41 ;

Duncan and, 3 , 141 , 151 , 156 , 168 -69, 173 -75, 185 , 187 , 188 ;

Fenollosa and, 40 , 173 , 174 , 188 ;

Géfin and, 3 , 174 ;

Ginsberg and, 40 , 41 ;

Levertov and, 202 -3;

― 271 ―

Olson and, 3 , 122 ;

Snyder and, 3 , 198 , 208 , 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 ;

Zukofsky and, 78

Imagism, 46 , 56 , 64 , 171 ;

Bloom and, 62 ;

Creeley and, 31 , 33 ;

Duncan and, 79 , 145 , 147 , 155 , 188 ;

Ginsberg and, 40 ;

Levertov and, 198 , 200 ;

Olson and, 19 , 114 , 128 ;

Snyder and, 198 , 208 , 211 ;

Whitman and, 67 ;

Zukofsky and, 78 , 79 , 80 , 82

Imitation, 7 , 63 ;

Olson and, 110 , 111 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 132 ;

Snyder and, 210 , 213

Immanence, 3 , 28 , 31

Individual:

Bernstein and, 248 -49;

and Eliot's "Tradition and the Individual Talent," 8 -9, 18 , 49 , 50 , 104 , 195 -96;

Olson and, 111 -12;

Snyder and, 195 -96.

See also Ego; Self

Influence, 42 -65;

Bernstein and, 243 ;

Bloom and, 42 -50, 51 -52, 63 , 138 -39;

Duncan's stance toward, 44 , 137 , 139 -40, 188 -89;

models of, 7 -15, 42 -49, 84 ;

nature of, 7 , 48 , 49 -54, 62 , 139 -40;

Olson's attitude toward, 44 , 110 , 112 , 117 , 130 -31;

process of, 42 -43, 44 , 63 , 130 .

See also Tradition

"Interconnectedness," 15 , 212

Intertextuality, 10 -14, 62 -63;

Barthes and, 11 -12, 13 , 189 , 244 , 248 ;

Bloom and, 59 , 61 -63;

Duncan and, 166 , 189 , 198 ;

Language poetry and, 240 , 242 , 244 , 248 ;

Snyder and, 198

Irony, 33 , 226 , 228

Italy:

fascism of, 4 -5, 25 , 72 , 95 ;

Levertov and, 204 , 205 ;

Pound returning to, 180 ;

Pound's arrest in, 19

J

James, Henry, 180

Jameson, Fredric, 89

Janequin, Clément, 182

Jargon Press, 21

Jarrell, Randall, 19

Jauss, Hans Robert, 14

Jeffers, Robinson, 197

Jefferson, Thomas, 67 , 87 , 93

Jews:

anti-Semitism toward, 5 , 37 -38, 48 , 91 ;

poets, 48

Joglars, 241

Johnson, Samuel, 7

Jones, David, 45 , 200

Jones, Leroi, 21 , 45

Jonson, Ben, 160

Journals:

Creeley and, 29 -30;

Language poetry, 239 , 241 ;

"mainstream" poetry, 25 ;

Olson and, 104 ;

open-form poetry, 21 (see also Black Mountain Review; Origin)

Joyce, James, 147 -48, 162

Jung, Carl, 103 , 188 ;

"On Synchronicity," 103

Juxtaposition, 26 -17, 42 ;

in Cantos, 185 , 198 ;

Dorn and, 226 , 228 -29;

Ginsberg and, 40 ;

Snyder and, 198 , 212 , 214

K

Kali, 206 , 207

Kavka, Jerome, 127

Keats, John, 138 , 194 , 201

Kelly, Robert, 1 , 26 , 238 , 241

Kenner, Hugh, 3 , 47 , 79 -80

Kerouac, Jack, 191

Kinetic art, 108 -9

Kinnell, Galway, 1

Kinsella, Thomas, 45 , 137

Kitasano, Katue, 30

"Knot of turbulence" (Snyder), 15 , 23 , 197

Kostelanetz, Richard, 27

Kramer, Jane, Allen Ginsberg in America,17

Krauss, Rosalind, 28

Krieger, Murray, 157

Krino, 196

Kristeva, Julia, 10 -11, 189

Kulturmorphologie,60 , 90 , 210

L

Laforgue, Jules, 46 , 57 , 63

Lamantia, Philip, 191

Landor, Walter Savage, 57

Language, 22 -23, 55 , 56 , 57 , 61 ,

― 272 ―

64 , 75 ;

"absolute value" in, 4 , 22 -23, 55 ;

ching ming, 55 ;

"clean," 54 ;

condensation of, 33 , 41 ;

Creeley and, 33 -34;

Dorn and, 224 -28, 232 -36;

Duncan and, 185 -86, 188 , 199 ;

Ginsberg and, 23 , 40 ;

Language poetry and, 240 -41, 244 , 247 -48;

Olson and, 107 -8;

"perfectibility" of, 23 ;

as speech, 33 -34, 107 -8.

See also Form; Imagism; Musicality; Texts

L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E,239

Language poetry, 27 , 237 -51;

Barthes and, 221 , 243 , 244 , 248 ;

Dorn and, 222 , 238 , 243 , 244 ;

Duncan and, 188 , 238 -44 passim, 250 , 251 ;

Zukofsky and, 83 , 238 , 239 , 240 -41, 243 , 249 , 251

Laos, 207

Latin America, 26

Laughlin, James, 21 , 129

Law, in poetic composition, 175 , 185

Lawrence, D. H.:

Bloom and, 45 ;

Duncan and, 139 , 140 , 153 , 155 , 163 , 181 ;

Levertov and, 195 ;

Olson and, 109 , 112 ;

Studies in Classic American Literature,100

Layton, Irving, 30

Levertov, Denise, 5 , 190 -95, 198 -208, 215 -16;

"Anne Sexton: Light Up the Cave," 207 ;

Duncan and, 138 , 140 , 171 , 190 -99 passim, 203 , 206 ;

and H. D., 3 , 191 , 192 , 193 -94, 195 ;

Language poetry and, 238 , 251 ;

Olson and, 133 , 192 , 194 , 195 , 198 , 200 , 215 ;

"On the Edge of Darkness: What Is Political Poetry?," 202 ;

"Origins of a Poem," 199 ;

Poet in the World,190 ;

and Pound tradition, 1 , 26 , 48 , 191 , 194 , 198 -99, 202 ;

"Report," 205 ;

"September 1961," 192 ;

Sorrow Dance,200 ;

"Staying Alive," 201 , 203 -4;

To Stay Alive,201 , 203 -8;

"Vision," 200 ;

and Williams, 2 , 190 -95 passim, 201 -2, 203

Lewis, Wyndham, 116 -17

Li Po, 57

Literary theory:

Continental, 28 ;

Language poetry and, 239

Localism, 76 , 94 -95n, 194 , 222 -23, 226

Logopoeia, 67 , 120 , 157 , 208

Longenbach, James, 87

Lorca, Federico García, 41 , 47 , 195

Lowell, Robert, 1 , 19 , 45

Loy, Mina, 45 , 48

"Luminous detail," 50 -51, 107

Lyotard, Jean-Francois, 28

"Lyrical subjectivity," 43 , 57

M

McClure, Michael, 241

McGann, Jerome, 15 , 248 ;

"Contemporary Poetry, Alternate Routes," 237 -38

MacLow, Jackson, 27

Magazines, 21 , 25 , 29 -30, 104

"Maladaption" (Bernstein), 241 , 248 -49

Malatesta, Sigismondo, 87 , 93

Male dominance, 53 , 192 .

See also Father

Mallarmé, Stéphane, 138

"Man-talk," 151 .

See also Male dominance

Marlowe, Christopher, 57

Marx, Karl, 152

Marxism, 248

Masters, poetic, 52 , 123 -30 passim

"Materials":

of history, 90 , 94 ;

poetic, 74 , 75 , 168 , 196

Matisse, Henri, 167 -68

Matthiessen, F. O., 30

Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 206

Mayans, 87 , 98 , 101 , 107

Measure, 21

"Measure," 33 , 72 , 75 , 81

Melopoeia, 64 ;

Duncan and, 157 ;

Ginsberg and, 39 ;

Levertov and, 198 , 199 , 200 ;

Olson and, 120 ;

Whitman and, 67 .

See also Musicality; Sound

Melville, Herman, 104 , 109 , 112 -13;

Billy Budd,112 , 113 ;

Moby-Dick, 112

― 273 ―

Mencken, H. L., The American Language,124

Merwin, W. S., 1

Mesch, Howard, 162

Metaphor, 28 , 46

Metaphysics, 54 -55, 174

Metonymy, 28 , 46

Metrics, 22 , 34 , 39

Migration, 16 , 217 -36

Milton, John, 9 ;

Bloom and, 53 , 56 , 63 ;

Duncan and, 138 , 139 , 141 , 150 ;

Snyder and, 197

Minimalism, 27 , 33

Misprision, 51

Misreading, 51 -53, 58 , 61 , 139 -40

Modernism, 4 , 5 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 27 ;

Bloom and, 45 , 46 , 47 , 53 ;

Creeley and, 29 ;

Dorn and, 217 -18, 222 ;

Duncan and, 3 , 18 , 141 -48 passim, 162 , 163 -64, 168 , 173 ;

experimental, 1 , 3 , 20 -22, 28 , 45 , 46 , 194 , 221 -22;

High, 71 , 76 , 88 , 89 , 162 , 164 ;

and historicism, 87 , 102 ;

Language poetry and, 239 , 248 , 249 -50;

Levertov and, 3 , 190 , 192 , 194 , 205 , 215 ;

Olson and, 18 , 85 -97 passim, 102 , 110 , 111 , 115 , 147 , 215 ;

and postmodernism, 28 , 29 , 76 , 88 , 89 -90, 136 , 163 -64;

Snyder and, 195 , 215 ;

Whitman and, 71

Molesworth, Charles, 208

Money, 37 , 38 -39, 55 , 75 , 149 .

See also Economics; Usury

Montage, 242

Moore, Marianne, 2 , 192 ;

Bloom and, 45 ;

Duncan and, 138 , 181 ;

and Pound tradition, 3 , 23 , 48

Morphology, 100 -102, 226

Mozart, W. A., 182

Music, Duncan and, 167 -68, 182

Musicality, 3 , 22 , 26 -27, 64 ;

Duncan and, 80 , 157 , 168 ;

Ginsberg and, 39 , 40 -41, 80 ;

Levertov and, 198 , 199 , 200 ;

Olson and, 80 , 119 , 127 ;

Snyder and, 208 ;

Williams and, 74 -75;

Zukofsky and, 80 , 83 .

See also "Tone leading of vowels"

Mussolini, Benito, 25 , 38 , 95 , 179 , 202

Mysticism, 137 , 143 , 148 , 194 , 195 , 200

Mythopoeia, 184 , 210 , 212

N

Nekuia, 35 , 205 , 214

Neon,21

Neruda, Pablo, 191 , 195 , 202

"New American poetry," 20 , 25 , 26 , 44 ;

Creeley and, 29 ;

Duncan and, 19 ;

Language poetry and, 238 , 241 ;

Olson and, 19 ;

Whitman and, 62 .

See also Open-form poetry

New Criticism, 1 , 9 , 18 , 20 , 28 , 44 ;

Duncan and, 18 , 147 ;

Krieger and, 157 ;

Olson and, 18 , 113 -14, 118 ;

Whitman and, 66 , 67 -68, 72 ;

Zukofsky and, 83

New Directions Books, 21 , 190

New England, 33 , 102 , 218 -19

New Mexico, 217 -18

New York school, 21 , 45 , 239 , 240 -41

Niedecker, Lorine, 3 , 48 , 241

O

Objectification, 78 , 79

Objectism, 62 , 75 -76

Objectivism, 3 , 4 , 26 , 56 -57, 62 , 77 -78;

Bloom and, 45 , 46 ;

Creeley and, 3 , 31 , 33 , 78 , 80 -81;

defined, 78 -79;

Duncan and, 3 , 78 -81 passim, 136 -61, 166 , 172 ;

Language poetry and, 241 ;

Levertov and, 198 , 200 ;

Olson and, 3 , 75 , 77 , 80 , 83 , 111 , 114 ;

Snyder and, 198 , 208 , 211 ;

Williams and, 77 ;

Zukofsky and, 3 , 26 , 77 -81, 82 , 83 , 241

Objects, Olson and, 107 -8, 109

Observation, 217 -18

Odysseus, 35 , 180 -81, 225

Oedipal struggle, 44 ;

Bloom and, 44 , 48 , 59 , 63 -64, 131 -32, 139 -40;

― 274 ―

Duncan and, 139 -40;

Olson and, 113 , 131 -32

O'Hara, Frank, 240

Olson, Charles, 2 , 5 , 44 , 57 , 83 , 84 -135, 190 ;

"ABCs (3-for Rimbaud)," 85 ;

"Against Wisdom As Such," 149 ;

and anti-Semitism, 38 , 91 ;

and "autoclytic multiplication," 15 , 103 ;

"Bibliography on America for Ed Dorn," 218 ;

Bloom and, 114 , 115 , 131 -32, 134 , 240 ;

Call Me Ishmael,94 , 101 , 104 ;

"Cantos," 127 ;

and "creative accidents," 15 , 103 ;

Creeley and, 29 -35 passim, 87 , 93 -94, 111 -12, 116 , 122 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 143 ;

"David Young, David Old," 112 ;

death, 26 , 131 ;

"Death of Europe," 85 ;

Distances, 172 ;

Dorn and, 29 , 216 -31 passim, 236 ;

and Duncan, 132 , 133 , 138 -49 passim, 158 , 164 , 165 , 171 -73, 179 , 185 -86;

"Grandpa, Goodbye," 129 , 133 ;

and history, 48 , 84 -109, 168 -69, 215 , 216 ;

"Human Universe," 84 , 95 , 97 , 98 , 101 ;

"I, Mencius, Pupil of the Master," 84 , 110 -35, 172 , 185 ;

In Cold Hell, In Thicket,171 ;

"It Was. But It Ain't," 98 ;

Language poetry and, 138 -51 passim;

Levertov and, 133 , 192 , 194 , 195 , 198 , 200 , 215 ;

"Lustrum for You, E. P.," 85 ;

Maximus Poems,10 , 84 , 88 , 99 -103, 158 , 168 -69, 171 ;

"Mayan Letters," 87 , 107 ;

and musicality, 80 , 119 , 127 ;

and Objectivism, 3 , 75 , 77 , 80 , 83 , 111 , 114 ;

and physicality, 64 , 248 -49;

poetry as "energy-transfer," 23 ;

and postmodernism, 19 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 85 , 88 , 89 -90, 105 , 171 , 215 , 116 ;

and Pound at St. Elizabeth's, 38 , 91 , 97 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 133 , 167 ;

and Pound's Cantos,23 , 76 , 86 -101 passim, 122 , 130 , 132 , 133 , 165 ;

and Pound tradition, 1 , 18 -27 passim, 33 , 36 , 38 , 122 , 123 -25, 134 -35, 143 -44;

"Preface," 85 ;

"Red, Black, and White," 101 ;

Snyder and, 29 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 215 ;

and social and economic critique, 38 , 91 -92, 93 ;

"Song of Ulikummi," 132 -33;

"This Is Yeats Speaking," 85 , 92 ;

"To Gerhardt, There, Among Europe's Things. . ," 84 , 85 , 95 -98;

"Torre," 85 ;

"West," 101 , 133 , 218 ;

and Whitman, 58 , 66 , 68 , 70 , 94 , 114 , 122 -26, 129 , 130 ;

and Williams, 2 , 71 -77 passim, 94 -95n, 110 -19 passim, 131 -34 passim.

See also "Projective Verse"

Onomatopoeia, 198 , 209

Opacity, 240 , 250

Open-form poetry, 27 , 45 ;

Duncan and, 138 , 146 -47, 171 ;

Olson and, 114 , 118 , 120 , 122 , 146 -47;

publication of, 21 ;

Whitman and, 58 .

See also Projectivism

Oppen, George, xiii , 26 ;

Creeley and, 19 ;

Language poetry and, 238 ;

and Objectivists, 77 ;

and Pound tradition, 2 , 3 , 48

Oppenheimer, Joel, 1 , 2 , 48 , 77 , 241

Origin,1 , 21 , 30 , 95 , 190

Originality, 64 , 113 , 116

Orthodoxy, 9 , 18

Orwell, George, 218

Oxford English Dictionary,124 , 185

P

Padgett, Ron, 21

Paideuma, 15 , 60 , 87 , 96 , 196

Palmer, Michael, 1 , 238 , 240 , 241 , 242

Parker, Charlie, 41

Parkinson, Thomas, 208 -9

Past:

Olson and, 93 , 96 , 105 , 107 , 115 , 128 , 131 .

See also History; Tradition

Patchen, Kenneth, 45 , 218

Paterson (Williams), 70 , 73 , 74 , 101 ;

Creeley and, 24 ;

Dorn and, 221 , 226 ;

Duncan and, 158 , 171 ,

― 275 ―

172 ;

Levertov and, 194 , 203 ;

Olson and, 76 , 95 ;

Zukofsky and, 81

Patriarchal succession, 53 .

See also Father

Paul, Sherman, 74 , 86 , 110 -11n, 215 , 219

Perelman, Bob, 239

Perloff, Marjorie, 3 , 4 ;

and Bernstein, 248 ;

and Dorn, 224 ;

and Olson, 110 , 115 -22, 126 , 131 ;

"Word as Such: L = A = N = G = U = A = G = E Poetry in the Eighties," 237

Phanopoeia, 46 , 64 ;

Duncan and, 157 ;

Ginsberg and, 40 ;

Levertov and, 200 ;

Olson and, 120 ;

Whitman and, 67

Physicality:

Bernstein and, 249 , 250 -51;

Bloom and, 62 ;

Duncan and, 64 , 172 ;

Olson and, 64 , 248 -49;

Snyder and, 208 -9;

Whitman and, 62 , 67

Pictographs, 174 , 185 .

See also Ideogram

Pindar, 143 , 177 , 179

Plath, Sylvia, 45

Play, 27

Poe, E. A., 138

"Poem including history," 84 , 90

Poetry, 27 ;

"academic," 20 -21, 24 , 66 , 71 , 72 ;

Bernstein's view of, 250 ;

concrete, 26 , 27 ;

Dorn's notion of, 230 ;

Duncan describing, 148 , 165 , 188 -89, 250 ;

"establishment," 20 -21;

Krieger on success of, 157 ;

Olson describing, 23 , 147 ;

as "pieces" (Creeley), 36 ;

"Populist," 71 ;

"pure," 194 ;

Snyder's notion of, 196 , 212 ;

Zukofsky defining, 80 .

See also Experimental poetry; Language poetry; "New American poetry"; Open-form poetry

Politics, 4 -5, 19 -20, 25 , 76 -77;

Bloom and, 49 , 54 ;

Creeley and, 41 ;

Dorn and, 226 -27;

Duncan and, 162 -89;

Ginsberg and, 37 -38, 39 , 41 ;

Language poetry and, 239 , 244 , 248 ;

Levertov and, 195 , 201 -8;

Olson and, 38 , 91 -95, 167 ;

Williams and, 72 -73, 75 , 77 , 95 .

See also Democracy; Fascism

Pope, Alexander, 7 , 57

Popular culture, 231 -32

"Populist" poetry, 71

Postmodernism, 215 -16;

Dorn and, 29 , 216 , 220 , 222 ;

Duncan and, 29 , 136 , 145 , 163 -64, 171 ;

Language poetry and, 239 , 241 ;

Levertov and, 190 , 198 , 199 , 215 -16;

and Modernism, 28 , 29 , 76 , 88 , 89 -90, 136 , 163 -64;

Olson and, 19 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 85 , 88 , 89 -90, 105 , 171 , 215 , 216 ;

Pound tradition and, 27 -29, 31 -32, 41 , 216 ;

reactive and resistant, 28 ;

Snyder and, 29 , 198 , 215 -16;

"strong" poets of, 53 ;

Williams and, 71 ;

Zukofsky and, 83

Poststructuralists, 28 , 220

Pound, Ezra:

ABC of Reading,31 , 34 , 48 , 57 , 194 , 199 ;

Active Anthology,58 , 81 ;

"American Cantos," 158 ;

and Bloom, 42 -65, 240 ;

Classic Anthology as Defined by Confucius,122 ;

Confucius translations, 122 , 126 , 128 , 129 , 130 -31;

death, 26 , 131 ;

Dorn and, 217 -36 passim;

and Duncan, 136 -90;

"Envoi," 185 ;

Guide to Kulchur,31 , 86 , 93 , 94 , 100 , 210 ;

"Hugh Selwyn Mauberly," 160 ;

"I Gather the Limbs of Osiris," 51 ;

Jefferson and/or Mussolini,93 , 218 ;

Language poetry and, 238 -51 passim;

Levertov and, 191 -95, 198 -208;

Make It New,31 , 42 ;

"National Culture—A Manifesto," 67 ;

Olson and, 84 -135, 167 , 190 ;

"Pact," 122 -24;

"Patria Mia," 69 ;

Personae, 30 , 123 ;

Pisan Cantos,17 , 19 , 20 , 46 , 75 , 95 , 130 , 156 , 177 -81 passim;

Polite Essays,31 ;

"Pre

Pound, Ezra (continued )

― 276 ―

fatio aut Cimicium Tumulus," 18 ;

in prison, 19 , 181 ;

"Provincialism the Enemy," 67 ;

and readers, 70 ;

at St. Elizabeth's, 37 -38, 73 , 91 , 97 , 127 -33 passim, 166 -68, 180 ;

Snyder and, 196 -98, 208 -16;

Social Credit,172 ;

Spirit of Romance,69 , 143 , 144 ;

Thrones, 172 , 185 ;

"Treatise of Meter," 34 ;

"Usura Cantos," 38 -39, 40 , 177 ;

"What I Feel about Walt Whitman," 68 ;

and Whitman, 58 , 66 -71, 72 , 123 -26;

and Williams, 71 -77, 78 ;

and women poets, 48 , 191 -92;

and Zukofsky, 77 -83, 127 .

Q

Quasha, George, 243

Quotation, 62 , 104 , 185 , 210 , 243 -44

R

Rakosi, Carl, 48 , 77

Ransom, John Crowe, 19 , 20 , 23

Reference, 228 , 241

Religion, 143 ;

Christian, 49 , 98 , 197 , 215 ;

Eastern, 41 , 195 , 196 , 212 , 215 .

See also Mysticism

Repression, 56 , 134 , 139 , 196

"Resistance," 28 , 241 , 248 -49

Revisionism, 43 , 51 -53, 71

Revolution, 195 , 203

Rewriting, 52 -53, 61

Rexroth, Kenneth, 45 , 197

Reznikoff, Charles, 19 , 48 , 77

Rhetoric, 56 , 57 , 232

Rich, Adrienne, 45

Riddel, Joseph, 111

Riding, Laura, 243

Rilke, Rainer Maria, 138 , 191 , 195

Rimbaud, Arthur, 57 , 138

"Riprapping" (Snyder), 15 , 197

Robbe-Grillet, Alain, 219

Rochester, John Wilmot, Earl of, 57

Romanticism, 9 , 11 , 17 ;

Bloom and, 43 , 45 , 46 , 53 , 56 , 63 , 138 -39, 195 ;

Duncan and, 136 -61, 166 -67, 168 ;

Ginsberg and, 36 -37;

Levertov and, 191 , 194 , 195 ,

― 277 ―

200 , 201 -2;

neo-, 114 , 240 ;

post-, 44 , 145 , 195 ;

Snyder and, 195

Rosenthal, M. L., 74

Rothenberg, Jerome, 1 , 26 , 48 , 243

Rukeyser, Muriel, 191

Rumaker, Michael, 1

Russian formalists, 243

Russian Futurism, 239

S

Sagetrieb, 60

Sanders, Ed, 1

San Francisco City Lights Books, 21

San Francisco counterculture, 1 ,

San Francisco Renaissance, 45 , 171 , 191 , 239 , 242

Sappho, 47 , 48 , 57 , 143 , 192

Sarraute, Nathalie, 219

Sauer, Carl, 100 , 218 , 226

Schneidau, Herbert, 46 , 56

Science, 78 , 103 , 174

Seelye, Catherine, 110

Self, 106 -7, 143 , 158 , 248

Sexism, 48 , 192 .

See also Feminism

Sexuality, 152 -56.

See also Gender

Shakespeare, William, 104 , 138 , 144 , 191 , 194

Shapiro, Karl, "Essay on Rime," 24

Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 138

Silliman, Ron, 27 ;

In the American Tree,239 ;

and Language poetry, 239 , 240 , 241 , 243 , 248

Simile, avoidance of, 40

Sincerity, 23 , 33 ;

Confucian, 128 , 174 -75;

Duncan and, 174 -75;

Objectivist, 78 , 79 -80, 81 , 136

Slippages, 221 -22, 224 -25, 229 -30, 235 -36

Smith, Lorrie, 201 -2

Snyder, Gary, 5 , 190 , 191 , 195 -98, 208 -16;

"Burning," 211 , 213 -14;

Creeley and, 34 , 196 -97;

Earth House Hold,210 ;

"Hunting," 211 , 213 -14;

and ideogram, 3 , 198 , 208 , 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 ;

and "interconnectedness," 115 , 212 ;

and "knot of turbulence," 151 , 23 , 197 ;

Language poetry and, 238 , 241 , 246 , 251 ;

"Logging," 211 , 212 -113, 214 -15;

Mountains and Rivers Without End,210 ;

Myths and Texts,210 , 211 , 212 -15;

and Olson, 29 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 215 ;

and Pound tradition, 1 , 26 , 191 , 198 , 208 -9;

Riprap, 211 ;

and "riprapping," 15 , 197 ;

and Whitman, 66 , 197 ;

and Williams, 77

Social order:

elitist, 92 , 93 -95.

See also Politics

Social theory, Language poetry and, 239 , 248

Socrates, 103

Solipsism, 60 , 158

Sorrentino, Gilbert, 21

Sound:

Ginsberg and, 39 ;

Levertov and, 198 -99;

Snyder and, 209 , 210 .

See also Melopoeia; Musicality; "Tone leading of vowels"

Space, 163 -64, 208 , 219 , 222 -25

Speech, 33 -34, 107 -8

Spenser, Edmund, 138

Spicer, Jack, 1 , 240 , 242

Spinoza, Benedict, 200

Spiritual consciousness, 137 , 143 , 144 , 152 .

See also Mysticism; Religion

Spoleto Festival (1965), 132 -33

Stein, Charles, 103

Stein, Gertrude, 138 , 147 -48, 243 , 249

Stevens, Wallace, 25 ;

academic poetry and, 20 ;

Bloom and, 45 -46, 47 , 53 ;

Duncan and, 2 , 23 -24, 138 , 148 , 181 ;

Language poetry and, 249 ;

Levertov and, 191 , 195

Stravinsky, Igor, 167 -68

"Strong" poets, 52 -53

Subjectivity, 43 , 57

Sublime:

Bloom and, 43 -46, 53 -60, 115 , 138 -39;

Duncan and, 147 , 149

Surrealists, 47 , 138 , 172 , 239

Swinburne, A. C., 194

Sydney, Philip, 7

Syllable, importance of, 120

Symbolism, 111 , 31

― 278 ―

T

Tao Chi, 207

Tate, Allen, 19 , 23

Techne, 160 -61, 197

Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 18

This, 239 , 241

Thomas, Dylan, 150

Thomson, J. A. K., The Art of the Logos,99

Thucydides, 98 -99

Time, 163 -64, 208

Tomlinson, Charles, 31

"Tone leading of vowels" (Pound), 22 ;

Duncan and, 168 ;

Ginsberg and, 40 -41;

Snyder and, 208 , 210 ;

Zukofsky and, 83

Tottel's, 239

Toynbee, Arnold, 96

Tradition, 42 -65;

Bloom and, 49 -53, 54 -55, 59 ;

Creeley and, 111 ;

Duncan and, 138 -39, 140 -41, 143 , 150 , 161 , 189 ;

Eliot on, 8 -9, 18 , 49 , 50 , 104 , 195 -96;

Language poetry and, 238 , 239 ;

live, 17 -18, 41 , 42 , 140 ;

Olson and, 104 -6, 110 -18, 123 -24, 128 ;

oral, 60 ;

Snyder and, 195 -97.

See also Pound tradition

Transcription, 33 -34, 40

Translation, 3 , 59 -60

Translations, of Confucius, 122 , 126 , 128 , 129 , 130 -31

Transmission, 33 -34, 159

Transposition, 119 -21, 122 , 126

Trilling, Lionel, 36

Troubadours, 57 , 143

Turner, Frederick Jackson, 101

Typography, 80 , 121 -22, 243

U

"Underground" poetic, 71 , 91 , 171 -72

Usury, 37 , 38 -39, 55 , 75 , 93

V

Vancouver conference (1963), 26

Vietnam, 203 , 207

Villon, François, 18 , 47 , 57 , 69 , 85

Virtue, 207 -8

Visual image, 46 , 56 ;

Duncan and, 157 ;

Levertov and, 200 ;

Snyder and, 208 , 209 .

See also Imagism; Phanopoeia; Visual art

Voices:

choric, 125 ;

migrating, 217 -36

Von Hallberg, Robert, 101 , 104 , 110 -11n, 113 , 232

Vortex, 15 , 60 , 65 , 79 ;

Duncan and, 159 ;

around Pound, 3 , 83 ;

Snyder and, 23 , 196 , 208

Vorticism, 62 , 79

W

Wain, John, 60

Wakoski, Diane, 1 , 26 , 48 , 238

Waller, Edmund, 57

Warren, Robert Penn, 46

Watten, Barrett, 27 , 239 , 241

Wesling, Donald, 223

Whalen, Philip, 1 , 133 , 191

White Dove Review,21

Whitehead, Alfred North, 75 , 103 , 105 -6, 165 ;

Process and Reality,102

Whitman, Walt, 2 , 20 , 57 , 62 , 66 -71, 113 -14;

Bloom and, 46 , 47 , 53 , 56 , 57 -58;

Creeley and, 24 , 66 , 68 , 111 ;

Democratic Vistas,156 , 158 ;

Duncan and, 66 -72 passim, 138 , 141 , 153 -58 passim, 171 -79 passim;

Ginsberg and, 2 , 19 , 29 , 41 , 58 , 66 , 70 , 72 ;

health metaphor in, 54 ;

Language poetry and, 238 ;

Leaves of Grass,156 , 172 ;

Olson and, 58 , 66 , 68 , 70 , 94 , 114 , 122 -26, 129 , 130 ;

and Pound, 58 , 66 -71, 72 , 123 -26;

Snyder and, 66 , 197 ;

"Song of Myself," 69 , 70 , 156 , 165 -66;

Williams and, 58 , 66 , 67 , 71 , 72

Wieners, John, 1 , 21 , 133 , 241

Wilhelm, James, 152

Williams, Jonathan, 1 , 21 , 77 , 241

Williams, William Carlos, 1 , 2 , 3 , 57 , 63 , 71 -77, 140 ;

American culture and, 67 , 71 , 72 -73, 94 , 95 , 124 ;

Autobiography,73 , 74 ;

Bloom and, 45 , 46 , 47 , 240 ;

Creeley and, 2 , 24 , 19 , 30 , 34 , 71 ,

― 279 ―

111 ;

death, 131 ;

Desert Music,171 ;

Dorn and, 217 , 121 -24, 225 , 226 , 228 , 230 ;

Duncan and, 2 , 71 , 77 , 138 -40 passim, 146 -47, 157 -58, 163 , 171 -72., 181 ;

Ginsberg and, 37 , 40 , 41 ;

In the American Grain,100 ;

Kora in Hell,66 , 72 ;

Language poetry and, 238 , 239 , 249 , 251 ;

Levertov and, 2 , 190 -95 passim, 201 -2, 203 ;

Olson and, 2 , 71 -77 passim, 94 -95n, 110 -19 passim, 131 -34 passim;

and Pound, 71 -77, 78 ;

and Pound tradition, 19 -27 passim, 73 , 74 -75;

and readers, 70 ;

Snyder and, 77 , 191 ;

and typography, 121 ;

and Whitman, 58 , 66 , 67 , 71 , 72 ;

Zukofsky and, 78 , 80 , 83 .

Y

Yeats, William Butler:

Bloom and, 53 ;

and Cantos,182 ;

High Modernism of, 88 ;

Levertov and, 191 , 195 ;

Olson and, 85 ;

Snyder and, 197

Yugen,21

Z

Zeitgeist, 60

Zukofsky, Louis, 21 , 26 , 45 , 77 -83, 191 ;

"A" , 26 , 80 , 81 -82, 171 , 172 ;

All: The Collected Short Poems, 26 ;

Anew,81 ;

Bloom and, 240 ;

Creeley and, 19 , 29 , 77 , 80 -81, 83 ;

Duncan and, 2 , 66 , 79 -83 passim, 138 , 141 , 172 ;

Language poetry and, 83 , 238 , 239 , 240 -41, 243 , 249 , 251 ;

"Objective," 78 ;

"Objectivists" Anthology,78 , 127 ;

Olson and, 2 , 114 ;

and Pound, 77 -83, 127 ;

and Pound tradition, 2 , 3 , 48 ;

"Sincerity and Objectification," 78

― 280 ―

Compositor: A-R Editions

Text: 10/13 Sabon

Printer: Thomson-Shore, Inc.

Binder: Thomson-Shore, Inc.